Vis-à-vis (carriage)
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A vis-à-vis is a carriage in which the passengers sit face to face with the front passengers facing rearward and the rear passengers facing forward.[1] The term comes from the French vis-à-vis, meaning face to face.[1][2]
These carriages are still commonly made by Amish carriage makers in the midwestern United States.[citation needed] Also in the Western world, the vis-a-vis is the most common type of carriage style used to cart tourists and leisure seekers in downtown urban settings.[citation needed]
Passengers sit back-to-back on dos-à-dos carriages.
Examples
The following types of carriage had vis-à-vis seating:
Automobiles
There were vis-à-vis automobiles in the early history of motoring.[2] These were driven from the forward-facing rear seat, with front passengers sitting ahead of the steering controls and facing the driver.[1][2][3] Passengers in the front seat would obstruct the vision of the driver in the rear seat,[2] and the style fell out of favour before 1905.[1][4]
See also
Notes
- ^ a b c d Haajanen 2003, p. 155.
- ^ a b c d Beattie 1977, p. 28.
- ^ Culshaw & Horribin 2013, p. 484.
- ^ Beattie 1977, p. 27.
References
- Beattie, Ian (1977). The Complete Book of Automobile Body Design. Yeovil, UK: The Haynes Publishing Group. ISBN 0854292179.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Culshaw, David; Horrobin, Peter (2013) [1974]. "Appendix 5: Coachwork Styles". The Complete Catalogue of British Cars 1895 - 1975 (e-book ed.). Poundbury, Dorchester, UK: Veloce Publishing. pp. 480–484. ISBN 978-1-845845-83-4.
- Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Illustrations by Bertil Nydén; foreword by Karl Ludvigsen. Jefferson, NC USA: McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. LCCN 2002014546.
External links
Media related to Vis-à-vis automobiles at Wikimedia Commons
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