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Abradatas

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The war chariot of Abradates
Death of Pantheia, wife of Abradatas, by Peter Paul Rubens

Abradatas (Greek: Αβραδάτας; fl. 6th century BC) was a king, probably fictional, of Susa, known to us from Xenophon's partly fictional biography of Cyrus the Great, the Cyropaedia.[1][2] According to it, he was an ally of the Assyrians against Cyrus the Great, while Cyrus was still a vassal to his (also probably fictional) uncle, Cyaxares II.[3]

His wife Panthea was taken by Cyrus on the conquest of the Assyrian camp, while Abradatas was absent on a mission to the Bactrians. In consequence of the honorable treatment [4] which his wife received from Cyrus, he was persuaded to join the latter with his forces. He fell in battle, while fighting against the army of Croesus, during the conquest of Lydia in 547 BC.[3] Inconsolable at his loss, Panthea committed suicide, [5][6] and her example was followed by her three eunuchs. Cyrus had a high mound raised in their honour: on a pillar[7] on the top were inscribed the names of Abradatas and Pantheia in the Syriac characters; and three columns below bore the inscription skēptouchōn (σκηπτούχων) in honour of the eunuchs.[8]

The romance of Abradatas and Pantheia forms a significant part of the latter half of the Cyropaedia.

References

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  1. ^ Xenophon, Cyropaedia v. 1. § 3, vi. 1. § 31, &c. 4. § 2, &c. vii. 3. § 2, &c.
  2. ^ Lucian. Imag. 20
  3. ^ a b Brunner, Christopher Joseph (1984), "Abradatas", Encyclopaedia Iranica, vol. 1, Costa Mesa: Mazda Pub, p. 228
  4. ^ Xenophon Hist., Cyropaedia Book 6, chapter 4, section 5, line 3: νにゅー δでるたὲ τούτῳ ἡ Πάνθεια ἀποχωρῆσしぐまαあるふぁιいおた κελεύσασα τたうοおみくろんὺς παρόντας πάντας ἔλεξεν· Ἀλらむだλらむだ' ὅτたうιいおた μέν, ὦ Ἀβραδάτα, εいぷしろんἴ τις κかっぱαあるふぁὶ ἄλらむだλらむだηいーた πώποτε γがんまυうぷしろんνにゅーτたうνにゅー ἑαυτῆς ἄνδρα μみゅーεいぷしろんζぜーたοおみくろんνにゅー τたうῆς αあるふぁτたうῆς ψぷさいυうぷしろんχかいῆς ἐτίμησεν, οおみくろんἶμαί σしぐまεいぷしろん γιγνώ- σκειν ὅτたうιいおた κかっぱαあるふぁὶ ἐγがんまὼ μία τούτων εいぷしろんἰμί. τί οおみくろんνにゅーμみゅーδでるたεいぷしろんῖ καθ' ἓνにゅー ἕκαστον λέγειν; τたうγがんまρろー ἔργα οおみくろんἶμαί σしぐまοおみくろんιいおた πιθανώτερα πぱいαあるふぁρろーεいぷしろん- σしぐまχかいῆσθαι τたうνにゅー νにゅーνにゅー λεχθέντων λόγων. ὅμως δでるたοおみくろんὕτως ἔχουσα πぱいρろーὸς σしぐまὲ ὥσπερ σしぐまοおみくろんσしぐまθしーたαあるふぁ, ἐπομνύω σしぐまοおみくろんιいおた τたうνにゅーμみゅーνにゅー κかっぱαあるふぁσしぐまνにゅー φιλίαν ἦ μみゅーνにゅーγがんまὼ βούλεσθαι ἂνにゅー μみゅーεいぷしろんτたうσしぐまοおみくろんῦ ἀνδρὸς ἀγαθοῦ γενομένου κかっぱοおみくろんιいおたνにゅーγがんまνにゅー ἐπιέσασθαι μみゅーᾶλλον ἢ ζぜーたνにゅー μみゅーεいぷしろんτたう' αあるふぁἰσχυνο- μένου αあるふぁἰσχυνομένη· οおみくろんὕτως ἐγがんまκかっぱαあるふぁσしぐまτたうνにゅー καλλίστων κかっぱαあるふぁὶ ἐμαυτὴνにゅー ἠξίωκα. κかっぱαあるふぁὶ Κύρῳ δでるたὲ μεγάλην τたうιいおたνにゅーὰ δοκῶ ἡμみゅーᾶς χάριν ὀφείλειν, ὅτたうιいおた μみゅーεいぷしろん αあるふぁἰχμάλωτον γενομένην κかっぱαあるふぁὶ ἐξαι- ρεθεῖσしぐまαあるふぁνにゅー αあるふぁτたうοおみくろんτたうεいぷしろん ὡς δούλην ἠξίωσε κかっぱεいぷしろんκかっぱτたうῆσθαι οおみくろんτたうεいぷしろん ὡς ἐλευθέραν ἐνにゅー ἀτίμῳ ὀνόματι, διεφύλαξε δでるたσしぐまοおみくろんὶ ὥσπερ ἀδελφοῦ γυναῖκかっぱαあるふぁ λαβών. πぱいρろーὸς δでるたκかっぱαあるふぁὶ ὅτたうεいぷしろん Ἀράσπας ἀπέστη αあるふぁτたうοおみくろんῦ ὁ ἐμみゅーὲ φυλάττων, ὑπεσχόμην αあるふぁτたうῷ, εいぷしろんμみゅーεいぷしろん ἐάσειε πぱいρろーὸς
  5. ^ Joannes Rhet., Commentarium in Hermogenis librum πぱいεいぷしろんρろーὶ ἰδでるたεいぷしろんνにゅー 6, Page 431, line 9: <Ὥσπερ ὁ Ξενοφών·> φησὶ γがんまρろー οおみくろんὗτος ἐνにゅー πέμ- πぱいτたうτたうῆς παιδείας Κύρου, τたうοおみくろんῦ πρώτως βασιλεύσαν- τος Πぱいεいぷしろんρろーσしぐまνにゅー, ὅτたうιいおた ἡ Πανθία, τεθνῶτος τたうοおみくろんῦ ἀνδρὸς Ἀ- βραδάτου, βασιλέως Σούσων, ὑπぱいτたうνにゅー Αあるふぁἰγυπτίων, κかっぱαあるふぁὶ ἀποκοπείσης αあるふぁτたうοおみくろんτたうῆς χかいεいぷしろんιいおたρろーὸς, λαβοῦσしぐまαあるふぁ ταύτην κατεφί- λらむだεいぷしろんιいおた· ἦνにゅー γがんまρろー, ὡς ἀπεκόπη, ἁρμοσθεῖσしぐまαあるふぁ τたうῷ ἰδίῳ σώματι· φふぁいηいーたσしぐまὶ γάρ· κかっぱαあるふぁὶ ἡ χかいεいぷしろんρろー ἐπηκολούθει.
  6. ^ Anonymi In Hermogenem Rhet., Commentarium in librum πぱいεいぷしろんρろーὶ ἰδでるたεいぷしろんνにゅー Volume 7, page 1078, line 12: Ὁ Ἀβραδάτης εいぷしろんἰς πόλεμον τέθνηκε, κかっぱαあるふぁὶ ἔκοψαν τたうνにゅー χかいεいぷしろんρろーαあるふぁ αあるふぁτたうοおみくろんῦ, κかっぱαあるふぁὶ ἡ γがんまυうぷしろんνにゅーὴ ἐκράτει τたうῆς χかいεいぷしろんιいおたρろーὸς αあるふぁτたうοおみくろんῦ καταφιλοῦσしぐまαあるふぁ, κかっぱαあるふぁὶ ἠκολούθει ἡ χかいεいぷしろんρろー αあるふぁτたうοおみくろんῦ.
  7. ^ Αあるふぁυうぷしろんτたう. ΣしぐまΤたう, 1, 46. Ζぜーた, 3, 5
  8. ^ Smith, William (1867), "Abradatas", in Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. 1, p. 3, archived from the original on 2005-12-31, retrieved 2007-09-06

Public Domain This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domainSmith, William, ed. (1870). "Abradatas". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. London: John Murray.