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Chengbu Miao Autonomous County

Coordinates: 26°23′30″N 110°19′22″E / 26.3915514122°N 110.3228356190°E / 26.3915514122; 110.3228356190
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Chengbu
城じょう步あゆみ县
Chengpu
Autonomous county
城じょう步あゆみ苗なえ族ぞく自治じち县
Chengbu Miao Autonomous County
Chengbu is located in Hunan
Chengbu
Chengbu
Location of the seat in Hunan
Coordinates: 26°23′30″N 110°19′22″E / 26.3915514122°N 110.3228356190°E / 26.3915514122; 110.3228356190[1]
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceHunan
Prefecture-level cityShaoyang
SeatRulin
Area
 • Total2,647 km2 (1,022 sq mi)
Population
 (2017)
 • Total292,033
 • Density110/km2 (290/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+08:00 (China Standard)

Chengbu Miao Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 城じょう步あゆみ苗なえ族ぞく自治じち县; traditional Chinese: 城じょう步あゆみ苗なえ族ぞく自治じち縣けん; pinyin: Chéngbù Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn), usually referred to as Chengbu County (simplified Chinese: 城じょう步あゆみ县; traditional Chinese: 城じょう步あゆみ縣けん; pinyin: Chéngbù Xiàn) or abbreviated just as Chengbu, is an autonomous county of Miao people in the Province of Hunan, China, it is under the administration of Shaoyang City.

Located on the south western margin of Hunan, the county is bordered to the northeast by Wugang City, to the northwest by Suining County, to the southwest by Longsheng Autonomous County of Guangxi, to the southeast by Ziyuan County of Guangxi, to the south by Xinning County. Chengbu County covers 2,647 km2 (1,022 sq mi), as of 2015, it had a registered population of 285,845 and a permanent resident population of 262,245.[2] The county has six towns and six townships under its jurisdiction, the county seat is Chengbei Community of Rulin Town (儒林镇城北きた社しゃ区く).[3]

Administrative division

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Chengbu Miao Autonomous County has 6 towns and 6 townships.

As of October 2015, Chengbu Miao Autonomous County has six townships and six towns under its jurisdiction. The county seat is the town of Rulin.[4]

Name Chinese character Population (2015) Area (Km2) Notes
Chang'anying Town 长安营镇 8013 260
Dankou Town 丹に口こう镇 25800 286
Maoping Town 茅かや坪つぼ镇 21000 151.2
Rulin Town 儒林镇 75900 311
Wutuan Town 五ご团镇 13476 173
Xiyan Town 西にし岩がん镇 54200 150
Baimaoping Township 白しろ毛げ坪つぼ乡 16600 303.16
Jiangfang Township 蒋坊乡 11100 94.8
Jinzi Township 金きむ紫むらさき乡 27885 69
Lanrong Township 兰蓉乡 8982 112
Dingping (Tingping) Township 汀みぎわ坪つぼ乡 (汀なぎさ坪つぼ乡) 17200 255.76
Weixi Township 威い溪けい乡 8780 69.48

Geography

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Chengbu Miao Autonomous County is located in the southwestern Hunan province.[5] It lies in the upper reaches of the Wu River. The county shares a border with Wugang to the north, Xinning County to the east, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to the southeast and south, and Tongdao Dong Autonomous County and Suining County to the west.[5] The county has a total area of 2,647.07 square kilometres (1,022.04 sq mi).[6] Chengbu Miao Autonomous County is surrounded by mountains in the east, south and west, high in the southern area and low in the northern area, with a large undulating terrain. The terrain is mainly mountainous and distributes in zones.[6]

Climate

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Chengbu Miao Autonomous County is in the subtropical monsoon climate zone and exhibits four distinct seasons. It has an average annual temperature of 16.1 °C (61.0 °F), total annual rainfall of 1,218.5-millimetre (47.97 in), a frost-free period of 345 days and annual average sunshine hours between 1134.6 and 1601.5 hours.[7]

Climate data for Chengbu, elevation 478 m (1,568 ft), (1991–2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 8.8
(47.8) 		11.8
(53.2) 		16.1
(61.0) 		22.6
(72.7) 		26.5
(79.7) 		29.1
(84.4) 		31.9
(89.4) 		31.7
(89.1) 		28.1
(82.6) 		22.7
(72.9) 		17.6
(63.7) 		11.7
(53.1) 		21.5
(70.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 5.2
(41.4) 		7.7
(45.9) 		11.5
(52.7) 		17.4
(63.3) 		21.4
(70.5) 		24.6
(76.3) 		26.8
(80.2) 		25.9
(78.6) 		22.6
(72.7) 		17.6
(63.7) 		12.5
(54.5) 		7.2
(45.0) 		16.7
(62.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2.7
(36.9) 		4.9
(40.8) 		8.4
(47.1) 		13.7
(56.7) 		17.7
(63.9) 		21.4
(70.5) 		23.2
(73.8) 		22.2
(72.0) 		19.0
(66.2) 		14.2
(57.6) 		9.0
(48.2) 		4.1
(39.4) 		13.4
(56.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 61.9
(2.44) 		64.5
(2.54) 		118.5
(4.67) 		124.4
(4.90) 		182.4
(7.18) 		190.8
(7.51) 		148.5
(5.85) 		121.8
(4.80) 		67.7
(2.67) 		77.5
(3.05) 		63.0
(2.48) 		49.5
(1.95) 		1,270.5
(50.04)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 15.3 14.8 17.7 16.5 16.8 16.6 12.5 14.1 9.7 10.2 10.7 11.5 166.4
Average snowy days 3.4 1.6 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.8 6.2
Average relative humidity (%) 82 81 82 80 80 82 77 80 80 80 80 78 80
Mean monthly sunshine hours 51.0 54.7 68.1 101.3 120.5 113.9 182.8 171.7 134.0 110.7 102.2 84.0 1,294.9
Percent possible sunshine 15 17 18 26 29 28 44 43 37 31 32 26 29
Source: China Meteorological Administration[8][9]

Rivers

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Chengbu Miao Autonomous County has 816 rivers and streams.[10][11]

Wu River, formerly known as "Xiong River" and commonly known as "Yun River", is a tributary of Yuan River and the largest river in Chengbu Miao Autonomous County. It rises on the southwestern slopes of the Wu Mountain and discharges to Yuan River in Hongjiang City. It is 106 kilometres (66 mi) long and drains an area of 1,576.4 square kilometres (608.7 sq mi) in the county.[10]

Xun River, formerly known as "Tan River", is the second largest river in the county. It rises on the southeastern slopes of the Huangshan or Yellow Mountain and discharges to Rong River in Guangxi. It is 55.5 square kilometres (21.4 sq mi) long and is a tributary of Pearl River, draining an area of 578.1 square kilometres (223.2 sq mi).[10]

Zi River, also known as "Hao River", "Ji River" or "Duliang River", rises on the Guangfu Mountain and joins Dongting Lake. It is 33 kilometres (21 mi) long and drains an area of 418 square kilometres (161 sq mi) in the county.[10]

Qu River (渠みぞ水すい), also known as "Changping River", rises on the northwestern slopes of the Nanshan or Southern Mountain and discharges to Yuan River. It is 29.3 kilometres (18.2 mi) long and drains an area of 153 square kilometres (59 sq mi) in the county.[10]

Mountains

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There are more than 657 mountains over 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) above sea level in Chengbu Miao Autonomous County.[11] The highest point in the county is Mount Erbaoding (Chinese: 二に宝たから顶) which stands 2,021 metres (6,631 ft) above sea level. The lowest point is Kuangtang (匡ただし塘), which, at 326 metres (1,070 ft) above sea level. Other famous mountains are Mount Jinzi (金きむ紫山しざん; 1,883-metre (6,178 ft)), Mount Longxuyan (龙须岩がん; 1,817-metre (5,961 ft)), Nanshan or Southern Mountain (南山みなみやま; 1,940.6-metre (6,367 ft)), Laoshan or the Old Mountain (老ろう山やま; 1,801-metre (5,909 ft)), and Mount Huangzhu (黄き竹山たけやま; 1,740-metre (5,710 ft)).[6]

Demographics

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As of 2017, the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China estimates the county's population now to be 292,033.[12]

Ethnicity

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Historical population
YearPop.±%
1504 180,000—    
1816 89,390−50.3%
1906 73,161−18.2%
1930 182,204+149.0%
1936 91,260−49.9%
1949 92,612+1.5%
1958 122,655+32.4%
1978 192,382+56.8%
1989 232,874+21.0%
2002 255,696+9.8%
2004 258,494+1.1%
2016 288,093+11.5%
2017 292,033+1.4%
Source: [13]

According to the 2010 Census, the ethnic makeup of Chengbu Miao Autonomous County included: 148,232 Miao people (59.14%), 94,051 Han people (37.53%), 3,288 Dong people (1.31%), 2,363 Yao people (0.94%), and 1,654 Hui people (0.66%).[14]

Language

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Mandarin is the official language. The local people speak Kam language, Hmongic languages, and Dungan language.

Religion

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The Dong and Miao people believe in animism and worship ancestors. Buddhism is the earliest foreign religion introduced in the county. Islam spread as Hui people moved into the area.

Education

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By the end of 2017, Chengbu Miao Autonomous County had two county vocational secondary schools, 25 high schools and middle schools, 139 primary schools, and 47 kindergartens.[12]

Transportation

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Expressway

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The S86 Wugang-Jingzhou Expressway runs northwest to east through the northern county's towns of Xiyan and Maoping and Jiangfang Township.[11]

Provincial Highway

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The Provincial Highway S219 connects the county to Wugang to the north and connects to Provincial Highway S319 to the west.[11]

The Provincial Highway S319 is a north–south highway passing through commercial and residential districts of the county limits.[11]

Culture

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Chengbu Miao Autonomous County is rich in culture and customs. The Meishan Culture (梅山うめやま文化ぶんか), Witchcraft Culture (巫みこ傩文化か) and Folk Songs (山やま歌か) are the most notable.[15]

Tourism

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Chengbu Miao Autonomous County enjoys rich natural landscapes. The most popular natural scenic spots are Nanshan Scenic Area or Nanshan Grasslands, Chang'anying Scenic Area, Shiwan Gutian (十じゅう万まん古田ふるた; 'One Hundred Thousand Ancient Farmland'), Baiyun Lake (白しろ云うん湖みずうみ; 'White Cloud Lake'), Liangjiang Gorge (两江峡谷きょうこく; 'Gorge of Two Rivers'), Shajiaodong Nature Reserves (沙すな角かく洞ほら自然しぜん保ほ护区).[16][17]

Chengbu Miao Autonomous County is also the hometown for many celebrities. It has a large number of former residences, such as the Former Residence of Yang Wanzhe (杨完者しゃ故こ居きょ), Former Residence of Wang Lin (王おう麟故居きょ), Former Residence of Lan Yu, and the Former Residence of Gong Jichang.[18]

Chengbu Miao Autonomous County's most notable feature is its ancient bridges, built in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties (960–1911). The Fengyu Bridge (风雨桥; 'Wind-rain Bridge') is the oldest bridge in the county, which was originally built in the Song dynasty (960–1279). Other ancient bridges are the Guma Bridge (古こ马桥; 'Ancient Horse Bridge'), Fushou Bridge (福寿ふくじゅ桥; 'Bridge of Blessing and Longevity'), Yao Bridge (瑶よう桥; 'Bridge of Yao People'), Liuxi Bridge (柳やなぎ溪けい桥; 'Bridge of Willow River'), Luohan Bridge (罗汉桥; 'Arhat Bridge'), Huilong Bridge (回かい龙桥; 'Bridge of Curved Dragon'), and Yongzhen Bridge (永えい镇桥).[18]

The Confucian Temple (孔あな圣庙) is the largest temple complex in the county. It was built in 1889 during the ruling of Guangxu Emperor of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911).[19] The Baiyun Temple (白しろ云うん寺てら; 'White Cloud Temple') is a Buddhist temple in the county and Feishan Temple (飞山庙; 'Temple of Mount Flying') is a Taoist temple in the county.[20][21]

Notable people

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Chengbu Miao Autonomous County is the birthplace of:

References

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  1. ^ Google (2014-07-02). "Chengbu" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved 2014-07-02.
  2. ^ 城じょう步あゆみ县2015年ねん国民こくみん经济和わ社会しゃかい发展统计公こう报 (in Chinese (China)). Shaoyang People's Government. 23 March 2016. Archived from the original on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2017. or chengbu.gov
  3. ^ 《湖南こなみ省しょう民政みんせい厅关于同意どうい城じょう步ふ苗なえ族ぞく自治じち县乡镇区划调整せい方案ほうあん的てき批复》(湘民行ぎょう发〔2015〕122号ごう). rednet (in Chinese (China)). 2 December 2015.
  4. ^ 城じょう步あゆみ苗なえ族ぞく自治じち县行政ぎょうせい区く划 [Administrative divisions of Chengbu Miao Autonomous County]. chengbu.gov.cn (in Chinese). 2017. Archived from the original on 2019-03-26. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
  5. ^ a b Wu Yizhen 2009, p. 1.
  6. ^ a b c Wu Yizhen 2009, p. 2.
  7. ^ Wu Yizhen 2009, pp. 3–4.
  8. ^ 中国ちゅうごく气象数すう据すえ网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  9. ^ 中国ちゅうごく气象数すう据すえ网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  10. ^ a b c d e Wu Yizhen 2009, p. 5.
  11. ^ a b c d e Zhang Hong, ed. (2018). "Chengbu Miao Autonomous County" 《城じょう步あゆみ苗なえ族ぞく自治じち县》. 《中国ちゅうごく分ぶん省しょう系列けいれつ地ち图册：湖南こなん》 [Maps of Provinces in China: Hunan] (in Chinese). Xicheng District, Beijing: SinoMaps Press. pp. 80–81. ISBN 978-7-5031-8949-4.
  12. ^ a b 2017年ねん城じょう步あゆみ苗なえ族ぞく自治じち县国民こくみん经济和わ社会しゃかい发展统计公こう报 [Statistical Communiqué of Chengbu Miao Autonomous County on the 2017 National Economic and Social Development]. shaoyang.gov.cn (in Chinese). 2018-03-19.
  13. ^ Wu Yizhen 2009, pp. 12–14.
  14. ^ 人口じんこう与あずか民族みんぞく [Population and Ethnicity]. chengbu.gov.cn (in Chinese). 2016.
  15. ^ Wu Yizhen 2009, p. 166.
  16. ^ Wu Yizhen 2009, pp. 34–35.
  17. ^ Wu Yizhen 2009, pp. 167–178.
  18. ^ a b Wu Yizhen 2009, pp. 37–38.
  19. ^ Wu Yizhen 2009, p. 38.
  20. ^ Wu Yizhen 2009, p. 37.
  21. ^ Wu Yizhen 2009, p. 167.

Bibliography

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  • Wu Yizhen, ed. (2009). 《城じょう步あゆみ苗なえ族ぞく自治じち县概况》 [General Situation of Chengbu Miao Autonomous County] (in Chinese). Beijing: Nationalities Publishing House. ISBN 978-7-105-08659-7.
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