Fujianese organized crime

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(Redirected from Fujian gang)
Fujianese organized crime
Founding locationFujian, China
Years active1900s–present
TerritoryGlobal Chinese communities
EthnicityHoklo people (Han Chinese)
Criminal activitiesViolence and bribery, collaboration with police brutality
AlliesTriad (Hong Kong)
Yamaguchi-gumi (Japan), Chinese Communist Party
RivalsAnti-communism, Hong Kong pro-democracy protestors

Fujianese organized crime or Fujian gang (simplified Chinese: 福建ふっけん帮; traditional Chinese: 福建ふっけん幫) refers to crime syndicates, similar to triad gangs, composed of Fujianese people. The term primarily refers to Fujianese immigrant gangs in Hong Kong, but can also refer more broadly to Fujianese community associations or to native crime syndicates in the province of Fujian.

In recent years, Fujian gangs have come under global attention due to their role in attacks against Hong Kong pro-democracy protestors such as 2019 Yuen Long attack and the attack in North Point on 8 November 2019.

History[edit]

20th century and prior[edit]

Between the Qing dynasty and the reform and opening-up era of the People's Republic of China, many residents of mainland China, including those from Fuqing, Fujian, smuggled out of China. Fuqing emigrants and Fujianese in Japan faced difficult conditions and therefore organized community associations, which later evolved into the Fuqing Gang (Chinese: 福ぶく清きよし帮; pinyin: fúqīngbāng), also called the Fulong Gang (Chinese: 福ぶく龍りゅう幫), a crime syndicate that became active internationally and monopolized underground casinos in Tokyo as its main source of income.[1] Hong Kong media reports indicated that the Fuqing Gang collaborated with the Japanese Yakuza, the American Mafia, and Triads operating in mainland China in the operation of underground casinos and the trafficking of illegal drugs in East Asia.[2]

Prior to the 1960s, a large exodus of Fujianese people moved from mainland China into North Point. It, along with Yuen Long, are regarded as the "territories" of Fujian gangs by Hong Kong media, with iron-vote support for their left-wing ally Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions. Early in the 1950s and 60s, the two districts, especially North Point which occasionally dubbed as the "Little Fujian" for once housing many Fujianese-run storefronts, served as the main "base of operations" for the pro-Beijing camp.[3][4][5] The Fujianese supported left-wing labour associations and students during the 1967 Hong Kong riots, and the Chinese Goods Centre (Chinese: 華はな豐ゆたか國貨こっか) served as the command centre for the leftist.[6]

21st century[edit]

A vandalised Best Mart 360 storefront due to alleged links to Fujian gangs
Wang Zhimin, then-director of Hong Kong Liaison Office from Fujian.

On 20 July 2019, during the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests, the radical pro-Beijing group "Grand Alliance for Safeguarding Hong Kong" (Chinese: 守護しゅご香港ほんこん大だい聯盟れんめい) organised an assembly in support of the police, in which Shek Kang-chuen, founder of Hong Kong Economic Times, advocated violent attacks on anti-government protestors.[7] The day after, scores of anti-government protestors were attacked in Yuen Long.[8] A similar assault on protestors occurred in North Point on 11 August, in which some assailants identified themselves as Chinese or Fujianese.[9] On 17 August, Grand Alliance supporters, including Fujian gang members, gathered again to show their support to authorities.[10]

Following the violent assaults on protestors, Chinese state-run enterprises and businesses run by Fujianese were targeted. Among those was Best Mart 360, whose founder's links to Fujianese community associations led to vandalism, arson attacks, and looting of the company's approximately 360 branches.[11][12] In September and October of the same year, Best Mart 360 denied any relationship with "Fujian gangs".[13][14] Following the violent incidents, pro-Beijing sources praised the Fujianese in Hong Kong for demonstrating "patriotism",[15] while state media People's Daily and Global Times called for "patriots who love Hong Kong" to take to the streets and "prepare to battle".[16][17]

The director of the Hong Kong Liaison Office Wang Zhimin, a former member of the People's Liberation Army from Xianyou, Fujian, was suggested to have deep ties with Fujian gangs. On 4 January 2020, Wang was recalled by the State Council of the People's Republic of China and replaced by Luo Huining.[18][19]

In popular culture[edit]

The main antagonists of the 1999 film, The Corruptor are a powerful and violent gang called "The Fukienese Dragons", which is very similar with the real Fujian gang, both in criminal methods and activities, as well as in the violence and origin of the gang (which as its name gives, are originally from Fujian, China).[20] In the film, this gang, led by violent and volatile gangster Bobby Vu (played by Byron Mann), fights a bloody war for control of Chinatown with a powerful tong, the Tung Fung Benevolent Association (in this case led by Benny 'Uncle Benny' Wong, played by Kim Chan), which is also involved in criminal activities and is the most powerful gang in Chinatown.[21]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ 福ぶく清きよし帮：全ぜん球たま华人第だい一いち黑くろ帮的故事こじ Archived 2020-01-25 at the Wayback Machine，《搜さがせ狐きつね》，2017年ねん8月がつ28號ごう (in Chinese)
  2. ^ 黑くろ社會しゃかい殺ころせ入いれ《城市じょうし論壇ろんだん》 Archived 2020-05-09 at the Wayback Machine，《東方とうほう日報にっぽう》，2012年ねん4月がつ2號ごう (in Chinese)
  3. ^ 福建ふっけん幫囤重じゅう兵へい示威じい者しゃ卻步 Archived 2019-10-29 at the Wayback Machine 星ほし島とう日報にっぽう 2019年ねん8月がつ12日にち (in Chinese)
  4. ^ 北角きたずみ、福建ふっけん幫、工こう聯れん會かい 50 年ねん不變ふへん Archived 2020-05-09 at the Wayback Machine 立場たちば新聞しんぶん 2019年ねん9月がつ16日にち (in Chinese)
  5. ^ 驚おどろき聞福建ふっけん幫重賞しょう同鄉どうきょう來らい港みなと報復ほうふく店てん鋪しき明知めいち報ほう警沒用よう提ひっさげ早さ關門かんもん Archived 2019-10-29 at the Wayback Machine RFI (in Chinese)
  6. ^ 香港ほんこん六ろく七なな暴動ぼうどう的てき親おや歷れき者しゃ看み「反はん送おく中なか」 Archived 2019-10-05 at the Wayback Machine 紐ひも約やく時報じほう 2019年ねん9月がつ20日はつか (in Chinese)
  7. ^ 《經濟けいざい日報にっぽう》副ふく社長しゃちょう石鏡いじか泉いずみ 上じょう周しゅう六ろく守護しゅご香港ほんこん集會しゅうかい曾稱：教きょう仔こ要用ようよう藤ふじ條じょう及水喉のど通どおり Archived 2019-07-22 at the Wayback Machine，《香港ほんこん獨立どくりつ媒體ばいたい》，2019年ねん7月がつ22號ごう (in Chinese)
  8. ^ 【元もと朗ろう黑くろ夜よる】網もう傳でん何なん君くん堯向白しろ衫人豎拇指ゆび：辛苦しんく你！你哋係がかり我わが英雄えいゆう Archived 2020-03-03 at the Wayback Machine，《香港ほんこん01》，2019年ねん7月がつ21號ごう (in Chinese)
  9. ^ 【逆ぎゃく權けん運動うんどう】中ちゅう五生去北角買書遭愛國福建暴徒十打一 打だ到いた爆ばく嘴くちばし手指しゅし伸しん唔直 Archived 2019-12-30 at the Wayback Machine，《果報かほう》，2019年ねん08月がつ11號ごう (in Chinese)
  10. ^ 【逃犯條例じょうれい】添馬公園こうえん集會しゅうかい前ぜん大量たいりょう愛國あいこく福建ふっけん幫聚集しゅう大會たいかい堂どう Archived 2019-08-18 at the Wayback Machine，《香港ほんこん01》，2019年ねん8月がつ17號ごう (in Chinese)
  11. ^ "優品ゆうひん360續ぞく成なり攻擊こうげき對象たいしょう 示威じい者しゃ破壞はかい後ご即そく走はし 大だい媽趁火打ひうち劫こう". 蘋果日報にっぽう. 2019-10-05. Archived from the original on 2020-01-05. Retrieved 2020-01-30. (in Chinese)
  12. ^ "荃灣重じゅう災わざわい 吉野家よしのや優品ゆうひん吉野家よしのや優品ゆうひん360中ちゅう銀ぎん等とう蒙こうむ難なん 中ちゅう銀ぎん等とう銀行ぎんこう陷おちい入にゅう火ひ海うみ 客きゃく戶ど文ぶん件けん化か灰はい" (PDF). 文匯報ぶんわいほう. 2019-10-05. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-05-09. Retrieved 2020-01-30. (in Chinese)
  13. ^ "【反はん修おさむ例れい】優品ゆうひん360分ふん店てん被ひ圍かこえ 公司こうし反駁はんばく：未み曾參與さんよ亦また不ふ支持しじ任にん何なん暴力ぼうりょく". 香港ほんこん經濟けいざい日報にっぽう. 2019-09-22. Archived from the original on 2020-05-09. Retrieved 2020-01-30. (in Chinese)
  14. ^ "多た間あいだ舖被砸爛 優品ゆうひん360再發さいはつ聲明せいめい：與あずか福建ふっけん黑くろ幫無關せき". 香港ほんこん經濟けいざい日報にっぽう. 2019-10-02. Archived from the original on 2020-05-09. Retrieved 2020-01-30. (in Chinese)
  15. ^ 我わが们福建ふっけん人じん！爱国！不ふ怂！ Archived 2019-10-29 at the Wayback Machine，《海峡かいきょう都市とし报》，2019年ねん8月がつ12號ごう (in Chinese)
  16. ^ 環たまき時じ籲愛國あいこく愛あい港みなと市民しみん站出來でき北角きとずみ福建ふっけん幫動員いん備戰 Archived 2020-05-09 at the Wayback Machine，《中央社ちゅうおうしゃCNA》，2019年ねん8月がつ6號ごう (in Chinese)
  17. ^ 人民じんみん快かい評ひょう：期待きたい更さら多た愛國あいこく愛あい港みなと的てき香港ほんこん市民しみん堅けん定てい站出來でき Archived 2020-01-27 at the Wayback Machine，《人民じんみん網もう》，2019年ねん8月がつ8號ごう (in Chinese)
  18. ^ 【王おう志こころざし民みん免職めんしょく】王おう志こころざし民みん曾形容けいよう香港ほんこん「第だい二に故鄉こきょう」　與あずか福建ふっけん社團しゃだん關係かんけい密みつ切せつな Archived 2020-01-05 at the Wayback Machine，《明報めいほう》，2020年ねん1月がつ4號ごう (in Chinese)
  19. ^ 王おう志こころざし民みん提つつみ早はや回かい鄉きょう　福建ふっけん幫睇路ろ啦 Archived 2020-01-06 at the Wayback Machine，《立場たちば新聞しんぶん》，2020年ねん1月がつ5號ごう (in Chinese)
  20. ^ Irresistible Yun-Fat Finally Gets Chance to Shine in ‘Corruptor’
  21. ^ RogerEbert.com: The Corruptor (Review)

External links[edit]

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