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GVB (Amsterdam)

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Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf Amsterdam
GVB logo
Overview
OwnerMunicipality of Amsterdam
Area servedAmsterdam metropolitan area
LocaleAmsterdam, Netherlands
Transit typeTram, metro, ferry and bus
Annual ridership234 million[1]
Websitehttps://www.gvb.nl/en
Operation
Began operation1900
Technical
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification600–750 V DC

GVB (often informally called de GVB or het GVB) is the municipal public transport operator for Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands, operating metro, tram, bus and ferry services in the metropolitan area of Amsterdam.


History

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Amsterdam Metro Network
Amsterdam Tram Network

The forerunner of the GVB, the Gemeentetram Amsterdam (GTA) (Amsterdam Municipal Tramway), was established on 1 January 1900 by the city after it acquired a number of private companies. The first electric tram ran on 14 August 1900.[2] In 1925, the GTA introduced its first bus line.[3] In 1943, Gemeentetram merged with Gemeenteveren Amsterdam (established in 1897), the municipal ferry company, to form Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf[note 1] Amsterdam (Dutch pronunciation: [ɣəˈmeːntə vɛrˈvuːrbədrɛif ˌɑmstərˈdɑm]; lit. 'Amsterdam Municipality Transportation Company'). In 1977, the first metro line was introduced.[2]

By 2002, the organization was simply called GVB.[2] In 2007, the GVB became a private corporation under the name GVB Activa B.V., wholly owned by the City of Amsterdam; previously, the GVB was part of the City Of Amsterdam.[4] Between 2006 and 2016, Stadsregio Amsterdam was the authority responsible for all public transport in the greater Amsterdam area; it granted a concession (contract) to the GVB to provide public transport services. In 2010, Stadsregio Amsterdam extended the concession of the GVB for the period 2012–2017, and at the end of 2013, further extended it until 2024.[5] On 1 January 2017, Vervoerregio Amsterdam replaced Stadsregio Amsterdam as the public transport authority for the greater Amsterdam area.[6]

Network

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The GVB operates a number of public transportation networks in and around the city of Amsterdam, including:

  • 5 metro lines, partly elevated, no level crossings.
  • 14 tram routes, on street, partly mixed with all other traffic, partly on lanes shared with buses and taxis, and partly on separate lanes.
  • 46 bus routes; buses often mix with other traffic, but sometimes on lanes shared with trams and taxis, or for buses only.
  • 10 Ferry routes across the IJ; at least one is frequent, operating 24 hours a day, free of charge.

The newest metro line is the North/South line, which was opened on 22 July 2018.

Metro

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Amsterdam Metro
Main article: Amsterdam Metro

Metro routes

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Light rail

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Main article: Amsteltram
  • 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) (standard gauge)
  • Power: 600V DC (overhead)
  • Amsterdam, Amstelveen

Former light rail route

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Until 3 March 2019, line 51 to Amstelveen was a metro service between Central Station and Station Zuid. At Station Zuid it switched from third rail to pantograph and catenary wires. From there to Amstelveen Centrum it shared its track with tram line 5. The light rail vehicles on this line are capable of using both 600V (overhead) and 750V DC (third rail) power supplies.

Tram

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Amsterdam Tram
Main article: Trams in Amsterdam

Tram routes

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Buses

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Amsterdam Bus

As of March 2021, GVB bus services had 22 regular daytime routes (numbered between 15–68), 8 rush-hour routes (200-series route numbers), 11 night routes (numbered as "N" plus two digits) of which just 2 routes run seven days a week. One route (369) runs between Schiphol Airport and Sloterdijk station (railway and metro connections). [7] Three routes (461, 463, 464) offer free rides to the Gelderlandplein shopping centre in the Buitenveldert neighbourhood of Amsterdam.[8]

As of March 2021, there were 233 buses in the fleet of which 31 were electric.[9]

The busiest bus route as of 2017, is bus route 21, running every 8 minutes or less, seven days a week.[10]

Bus routes

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Line Route Notes
15 Station Sloterdijk – Station Zuid
18 Amsterdam Centraal – Slotervaart
21 Amsterdam Centraal – Geuzenveld
22 Station Sloterdijk – Muiderpoortstation
34 Noorderpark (metrostation) – Olof Palmeplein
35 Molenwijk – Olof Palmeplein
36 Station Noord – Station Sloterdijk
37 Station Noord – Amstelstation
38 Buiksloterham – Station Noord
40 Amstelstation – Muiderpoortstation
41 Station Holendrecht – Muiderpoortstation
43 Amsterdam Centraal – Borneo-eiland
44 Station Bijlmer ArenA – Diemen-Noord
47 Station Bijlmer ArenA – Station Holendrecht
48 Amsterdam Centraal – Houthavens
49 Station Bijlmer ArenA – Station Weesp Operates during daytime hours on weekdays only.
61 Station Sloterdijk – Osdorpplein
62 Station Lelylaan – Amstelstation
63 Station Lelylaan – Osdorp De Aker
65 KNSM-eiland – Station Zuid
66 Station Bijlmer ArenA – IJburg
68 Metrostation Henk Sneevlietweg – Riekerpolder Operates during daytime hours on weekdays only.
231 Station Sloterdijk – Abberdaan Rush hour commuter route
232 Station Sloterdijk – Westpoort Rush hour commuter route
233 Station Sloterdijk – Westpoort Rush hour commuter route
245 Molenwijk – Schiphol Zuid Early morning one-way route to Schipol Airport
246 Borneo-eiland – Schiphol Zuid Early morning one-way route to Schipol Airport
247 Bos en Lommerplein – Schiphol Zuid Early morning one-way route to Schipol Airport
267 Anderlechtlaan – John M. Keynesplein Rush hour commuter route
369 Station Sloterdijk – Schiphol Operates to and from Schipol Airport
461 Gelderlandplein – Gustav Mahlerplein Only operates during late morning and afternoon hours
463 Gelderlandplein – Bolestein Only operates during late morning and afternoon hours
464 Gelderlandplein – Vivaldi Only operates during late morning and afternoon hours

Night bus routes

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These routes operate as a hub and spoke model. Hours of operation are extended longer on Saturday and Sunday mornings due to a later start of service for daytime routes.

Line Route Days of Operation
N81 Centraal Station - Station Sloterdijk Friday and weekend nights
N82 Centraal Station - Geuzenveld Friday and weekend nights
N83 Centraal Station - Osdorp De Aker Friday and weekend nights
N84 Centraal Station - Amstelveen Busstation Friday and weekend nights
N85 Centraal Station - Station Gein Nightly
N86 Centraal Station - Station Bijlmer ArenA Weekend nights
N87 Centraal Station - Station Bijlmer ArenA Nightly
N88 Centraal Station - Nieuw Sloten Friday and weekend nights
N89 Centraal Station - IJburg Friday and weekend nights
N91 Centraal Station - Nieuwendam Friday and weekend nights
N93 Centraal Station - Molenwijk Friday and weekend nights

Ferries

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Amsterdam Ferry

Since 1 July 2013, GVB Veren (veren meaning ferries) has been operating ferry services crossing both the IJ and the North Sea Canal on behalf of the City of Amsterdam. Most of these ferries offer free rides for pedestrians and cyclists. Within the City of Amsterdam, there are seven ferry routes across the IJ, two of which operate overnight. Outside of Amsterdam, the GVB operates three ferry routes across the North Sea Canal at Zaandam, Velsen and Assendelft. The GVB has 19 ferry boats servicing these routes, and is replacing diesel-powered ferries with electrically-operated vessels. The ferries have a maximum speed of 19 kilometres per hour (12 mph).[11]

Ferry routes crossing the IJ are:[12][13]

  • F1: Azartplein to Zamenhofstraat
  • F2: Central Station to IJplein
  • F3: Central Station to Buiksloterweg (24/7 with a 12-minute frequency between 12:00am and 6:24am)
  • F4: Central Station to NDSM
  • F5: Central Station to NDSM via Pontsteiger
  • F6: Pontsteiger to Distelweg
  • F7: Pontsteiger to NDSM
  • F9: Zeeburgereiland to Sporenburg[14]

Ferry routes crossing the North Sea Canal are:[12]

  • F20 Hempontplein to Zaandam
  • F21 Spaarndam to Assendelft (24/7)
  • F22 Velsen Zuid to Velsen Noord (24/7)

Ticketing

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The Amsterdam public transport network falls under the National Tariff System of the Netherlands and the GVB has a few of its own tickets, notably the 24-, 48- and 72- hour tickets. The electronic OV-chipkaart has been the only ticketing system valid in the Amsterdam metro since the summer of 2009, and in the rest of the network (tram, bus) since June 2010. Most trams carry conductors, but as they no longer stamp passengers' strippenkaarten their role has been deskilled; it now consists in ensuring security along with selling the occasional OV-chipkaart and optionally announcing the stops.

Notes

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  1. ^ Sometimes also written Gemeentevervoerbedrijf.

References

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  1. ^ GVB (2016). "GVB Resources & numbers". GVB. Retrieved 9 June 2014.[dead link]
  2. ^ a b c "Een historie van meer dan 100 jaar". GVB (in Dutch). Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  3. ^ "Gemeentetram Amsterdam - Serie 35-42". traminfo.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  4. ^ "GVB Activa B.V." Port of Amsterdam. May 2018. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
  5. ^ "Transportation vision 2024". GVB. Archived from the original on 24 July 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  6. ^ "Stadsregio Amsterdam is Vervoerregio Amsterdam" (in Dutch). Vervoerregio Amsterdam. 22 December 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
  7. ^ "Lines (bus)". GVB. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  8. ^ "Gelderlandpleinlijn". Gelderlandplein. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  9. ^ "Bus in cijfers". GVB (in Dutch). Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  10. ^ "Vervoer in cijfers : GVB". Archived from the original on 28 December 2011.
  11. ^ "Veren in cijfers". GVB (in Dutch). Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  12. ^ a b "Lines (ferries)". GVB. Gemeente Vervoerbedrijf. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  13. ^ "Amsterdam Ferry Services & Map". Amsterdam Tips. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  14. ^ "Opening nieuwe pontverbinding Zeeburgereiland (Sluisbuurt) - Sporenburg OHG (Tegelbergplein)" (in Dutch). Gemeente Amsterdam. 9 January 2023. Archived from the original on 11 April 2023.
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