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Japanese destroyer Murakumo (1898) - Wikipedia Jump to content

Japanese destroyer Murakumo (1898)

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For other ships with the same name, see Japanese destroyer Murakumo.
History
Empire of Japan
NameMurakumo
Namesake叢雲むらくも ("Gathering Clouds")
Ordered1896
BuilderJohn I. Thornycroft & Company, Chiswick, England
Yard numberTorpedo Boat Destroyer No. 4
Laid down1 October 1897
Launched16 November 1898
Completed29 December 1898
Commissioned29 December 1898
Reclassified
Identification
Stricken1 April 1919
RenamedMurakumo Maru 1 April 1919
ReclassifiedMiscellaneous vessel (submarine tender/minesweeper) 1 April 1919
RenamedMurakumo 1 July 1920
ReclassifiedSpecial-duty vessel (second-class minesweeper) 1 July 1920
ReclassifiedUtility vessel (target ship) 1 April 1922
FateSunk as target 4 June 1925
General characteristics
TypeMurakumo-class destroyer
Displacement
  • 275 long tons (279 t) normal
  • 360.5 long tons (366.3 t) full load
Length
  • 208 ft (63 m) waterline,
  • 210 ft (64 m) overall[2]
Beam19 ft 6 in (5.94 m)
Draught6 ft 10 in (2.08 m)
Depth13 ft 6 in (4.11 m)
PropulsionReciprocating engine, 3 boilers, 5,800 ihp (4,300 kW), 2 shafts
Speed30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph)
Complement50
Armament
Service record
Operations:

Murakumo (叢雲むらくも, "Gathering Clouds") was the lead ship of six Murakumo-class destroyers, built for the Imperial Japanese Navy in the late 1890s. Murakumo took part in the Japanese response to the Boxer Rebellion (1900), saw action in several major engagements during the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), and served during World War I (1914–1918).

Construction and commissioning[edit]

Authorized under the 1896 naval program,[3] Murakumo was laid down on 1 October 1897 by John I. Thornycroft & Company at Chiswick, England, as Torpedo Boat Destroyer No. 4.[3][4] On 16 March 1898, she was named Murakumo.[5] When the Imperial Japanese Navy established its Naval Warship and Torpedo Boat Classification Standards on 21 March 1898,[6] she was classified as a torpedo boat destroyer.[7] Launched on 16 November 1898,[3][8] she was completed on 29 December 1898[3] and commissioned the same day.[3]

Service history[edit]

Murakumo completed her delivery voyage from England to Japan on 23 April 1899 with her arrival at Yokosuka.[3][9] On 30 April 1900 she participated in a large naval review held off Kobe, Japan, where she was placed in the fourth row. On 22 June 1900, the Imperial Japanese Navy established its Naval Vessel Classification Standard, abolishing the classification of "torpedo boat destroyer" and establishing the classification of "destroyer" as a type of warship,[10] and under the new classification scheme Murakumo was classified as a destroyer.[11] Also as of 22 June 1900, she was assigned to the Sasebo Naval District[12] and incorporated into the Standing Fleet.[13] During 1900, she took part in the Japanese intervention in the Boxer Rebellion in China.[3] On 10 April 1903, she participated in a large naval review held off Kobe and was placed in the third row.[14]

When the Russo-Japanese War broke out in February 1904, Murakumo was part of the 5th Destroyer Division of the 2nd Fleet.[15] During the war, she took part in the Battle of Port Arthur in February 1904, the Battle of the Yellow Sea in August 1904, and the Battle of Tsushima in May 1905.[3][15] During the Battle of Tsushima, Murakumo could not get into position for a torpedo attack against the Russian fleet during the night of 27–28 May 1905, but while steaming to a rendezvous on the morning of 28 May she came across the Japanese protected cruisers Niitaka and Otowa as they pursued the damaged Imperial Russian Navy protected cruiser Svetlana, which was attempting to escape northward under escort by the destroyer Buistri after the fleet action of the previous day.[16] Keeping ahead of the Japanese cruisers, Murakumo kept Buistri from interfering with them until Svetlana ceased fire and went dead in the water after suffering additional damage.[17] While Otowa finished off Svetlana,[18] Buistri fled with Murakumo and Niitaka in hot pursuit.[17] The chase culminated late in the morning in Buistri′s crew running her aground on the coast of the Korean Peninsula, partially blowing her up, and then surrendering to local authorities.[19] Murakumo also took part in the Japanese invasion of Sakhalin in July 1905.[3][15] After the war, she participated in a triumphant naval review held off Yokohama, Japan, on 23 October 1905 and was placed in the fourth row.[20]

On 18 November 1908, Murakumo participated as a ship in the sixth row of a large-scale naval review off Kobe.[21] On 28 August 1912, the Imperial Japanese Navy revised its ship classification standards. It established three categories of destroyers, with those of 1,000 displacement tons or more defined as first-class destroyers, those of 600 to 999 displacement tons as second-class destroyers, and those of 599 or fewer displacement tons as third-class destroyers.[22] Under this classification scheme, Murakumo became a third-class destroyer.[23]

After Japan entered World War I in August 1914, Murakumo operated off Tsingtao, China, in support of the Siege of Tsingtao.[24] Later that year, she took part[citation needed] in the Japanese seizure of the German Empire′s colonial possessions in the Caroline, Mariana, and Marshall Islands.[25]

Murakumo was stricken from the navy list on 1 April 1919,[26] designated as a "miscellaneous vessel" for use as a submarine tender and minesweeper, and renamed Murakumo Maru.[27] On 1 July 1920, she was reclassified as a "special duty vessel" for use as a second-class minesweeper and renamed Murakumo.[28] On 1 April 1922, she was reclassified as a "utility vessel" for use as a target ship.[29][30] An inspection conducted on 30 January 1925 revealed that her hull and other parts of the ship had deteriorated.[31][32] On 4 June 1925, she was sunk as a live-fire target in the Pacific Ocean off the Sunosaki Lighthouse in Chiba Prefecture.[3]

Commanding officers[edit]

SOURCE:[33]

  • Lieutenant Commander Shushiro Fujimoto 29 March 1898 (pre-commissioning)
  • Lieutenant Commander Shuzo Matsuoka, 22 June 1900 – 11 September 1904
  • Lieutenant Kanta Shimauchi, 11 September 1904 – 12 December 1905
  • Lieutenant Commander Kanta Shimanouchi, 12 December 12, 1905 – 8 February 1906
  • Lieutenant Koichi Masuda: 8 February 1906 – 10 May 1906
  • Commander Kiyoshi Tsukiyama, 10 May 1906 – 4 October 1906
  • Lieutenant Commander Tsuruhiko Horie, 4 October 1906 – 17 May 1907
  • Lieutenant Noda Tameyoshi, 17 May 1907 – 16 May 1908
  • Lieutenant Eijiro Tanabe, 16 May 1908 – 28 May 1908
  • Lieutenant Captain Naonobu Hirata, 28 May 1908 – 25 September 1908
  • Lieutenant Yoshikazu Maekawa, 25 September 1908 – 11 March 1909
  • Lieutenant Kotaro Fujita, 11 March 1909 – 23 May 1911
  • Lieutenant Keiji Yamazaki, 23 May 1911 – 20 December 1912
  • Lieutenant Commander Sohei Horiuchi, 20 December 1912 – 29 May 1914
  • Lieutenant Commander Kazuo Kawakita, 29 May 1914 – unknown
  • Lieutenant Commander Shuzo Adachi: unknown – 13 December 1915
  • Lieutenant Commander Kunitaro Kamimoto, 13 December 1915 – 12 September 1916
  • Lieutenant Noboru Wakayama, 12 September 1916 – 1 December 1916
  • Lieutenant Shuji Ehara, 1 December 1916 – 10 September 1918[34]
  • Lieutenant Genzo Honda, 10 September 1918[34] – unknown

References[edit]

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ 明治めいじ31年ねん4月がつ15日にち『官報かんぽう』第だい4434号ごう。国立こくりつ国会図書館こっかいとしょかんデジタルコレクション コマ1 「｜信號しんごう符ふ字じ|艦艇かんてい名めい|GQKB|叢雲むらくも Murakumo｜」 "(April 15, 1898 ′​​Kanpo′ No. 4434. National Diet Library Digital Collection Panel 1 ′Shingo Fuji/Ship Name/GQKB/Murakumo′") (in Japanese)
  2. ^ Lyon, The Thornycroft List
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j 日本にっぽん海軍かいぐん史し』第だい7巻かん ("History of the Japanese Navy, Vol. 7") (in Japanese), pp. 285–286.
  4. ^ 幕末ばくまつ以降いこう帝国ていこく軍艦ぐんかん写真しゃしんと史実しじつ』 国立こくりつ国会図書館こっかいとしょかんデジタルコレクション コマ74 ("Imperial warship photos and historical facts after the end of the Edo period, Frame 74") (in Japanese), National Diet Library Digital Collection
  5. ^ 明治めいじ31年ねん 達たち 完かん：3月(1)」 アジア歴史れきし資料しりょうセンター Ref.C12070040500 画像がぞう6「達いたる第だい二に十じゅう七なな號ごう　英國えいこくニ於テ製造せいぞう中ちゅうノ水雷すいらい艇てい驅逐くちく艇てい左ひだりノ通つう命名めいめいス　明治めいじ三さん十じゅう一いち年ねん三さん月がつ十じゅう六ろく日にち ("1898: March (1) "Center for Asian Historical Records Ref.C12070040500 Image 6 "Tatsu 27 Torpedo Boat Destroyer Under Production in England, Named 1898 March 16, 11 Minister of the Navy Marquis Saigō") (in Japanese)
  6. ^ 達いたる明治めいじ31年ねん3月がつ(1) 画像がぞう14「達いたる第だい三さん十じゅう四よん號ごう　海軍かいぐん大臣だいじんニ於テ別べつ表ひょうノ標準ひょうじゅんニ據よりどころリ軍艦ぐんかん及水雷かみなり艇ていノ類別るいべつ等級とうきゅうヲ定ていメ若わかハ其ノ變更へんこうヲ行くだりフコトヲ得とくセシメラル　明治めいじ三さん十じゅう一いち年ねん三さん月がつ二に十じゅう一いち日にち　海軍かいぐん大臣だいじん 侯爵こうしゃく西にし鄕從道どう ("1898 March 31 (1) Image 14 "Minister of the Navy has determined the classification grades of warships and torpedo boats according to the standards in the attached table, subject to change. March 21, 1898, Minister of the Navy, Marquis Saigō Jūdō") (in Japanese)
  7. ^ 達いたる明治めいじ31年ねん3月がつ(1) 画像がぞう16・17「達いたる第だい三さん十じゅう五ご號ごう　軍艦ぐんかん及水雷かみなり艇てい類別るいべつ等級とうきゅう別べつ紙しノ通つう定ていム　明治めいじ三さん十じゅう一いち年ねん三さん月がつ二に十じゅう一いち日にち　海軍かいぐん大臣だいじん 侯爵こうしゃく西にし鄕從道どう　｜水雷すいらい艇てい|驅逐くちく艇てい|東雲しののめ 叢雲むらくも 夕ゆう霧きり 不知火しらぬい 雷かみなり 電でん 曙あけぼの 漣さざなみ｜ ("1898 March 31 (1) Image 16/17 "Tatsu 35 Warships and Torpedo Boats Classified Classifications Attached Sheet No. Mitsurumu March 21, 1898 Minister of Navy Marquis Saigō Jūdō: Torpedo boat destroyer Shinonome, Murakumo, Yugiri, Shiranui") (in Japanese)
  8. ^ 明治めいじ31年ねん11月18日にち『官報かんぽう』第だい4617号ごう。国立こくりつ国会図書館こっかいとしょかんデジタルコレクション コマ3 「○水雷すいらい艇てい進水しんすい 英國えいこくニ於テ製造せいぞうノ水雷すいらい艇てい雷かみなりハ本ほん月がつ十じゅう五ご日にち、同どう叢雲むらくもハ同どう十じゅう六ろく日にち孰モ滞とどこおナク進水しんすいセリ(海軍かいぐん省しょう) "November 18, 1898, "Kanpo" No. 4617. National Diet Library Digital Collection Frame 3 ``Torpedo boat launched in England on the 15th of this month, and Murakumo launched on the 16th of this month (Ministry of the Navy)) (in Japanese)
  9. ^ 明治めいじ32年ねん4月がつ25日にち『官報かんぽう』第だい4717号ごう。国立こくりつ国会図書館こっかいとしょかんデジタルコレクション コマ7 「○軍艦ぐんかん發はつ著ちょ …水雷すいらい艇てい驅逐くちく艇てい雷かみなりハ同日どうじつ新しん嘉よしみ坡ニ向こうヒコロムボ拔錨ばつびょう、同夕どうゆう霧きりハ本ほん月がつ二に十じゅう二に日にち亞あ丁ひのとニ向こうヒポーㇽト、サイド拔錨ばつびょう、同どう叢雲むらくもハ一いち昨さく二に十じゅう三さん日にち橫須賀よこすかヘ投錨とうびょうセリ(海軍かいぐん省しょう) "April 25, 1899, "Kanpo" No. 4717. National Diet Library Digital Collection Frame 7 "Warship Destruction ... Torpedo boat and destroyer lightning launched Hikolumbo anchor for New Kapo on the same day. Murakumo dropped anchor at Yokosuka on the 23rd of last year (Ministry of the Navy)" (in Japanese).
  10. ^ 「明治めいじ33年ねん 達たち 完かん：6月がつ」 アジア歴史れきし資料しりょうセンター Ref.C12070044300 画像がぞう47「達いたる第だい百ひゃく二に十じゅう一いち號ごう　海軍かいぐん大臣だいじんニ於テ軍艦ぐんかん及水雷かみなり艇ていノ類別るいべつ等級とうきゅうヲ定ていメ若わかハ其ノ變更へんこうヲ行くだりフコトヲ得とくセシメラルヽ件けんヲ廢はいセラン更さらニ艦艇かんてい類別るいべつ標準ひょうじゅん別べつ表ひょうノ通つう定ていメラル　明治めいじ三さん十じゅう三さん年ねん六ろく月がつ二に十じゅう二に日にち 海軍かいぐん大臣だいじん 山本やまもと權兵衞ごんべえ」 ("1900: June Asia Historical Records Center Ref.C12070044300 Image 47 'Date No. 121 The Minister of the Navy has decided on the classification of warships and torpedo boats and will change them. On June 22nd, 1900, Minister of the Navy Yamamoto Gonnohyōe'") (in Japanese)
  11. ^ 明治めいじ33年ねん達たち完かん6月がつ 画像がぞう48「｜軍艦ぐんかん|驅逐くちく艦かん|東雲しののめ、叢雲むらくも、夕ゆう霧きり、不知火しらぬひ、陽炎かげろう、薄うす雲くも、… ("1900 June Image 48 "Warship: Destroyer: Shinonome, Murakumo, Yugiri, Shiranui, Kagero, Usugumo, ... ") (in Japanese)
  12. ^ 海軍かいぐん内ない令れい 明治めいじ33年ねん：内うち令れい第だい55号ごう 明治めいじ33年ねん6月がつ1日にち～内ない令れい第だい97号ごう 明治めいじ33年ねん8月がつ1日にち 画像がぞう19・20「內令第だい七なな十じゅう二に號ごう　驅逐くちく艦かん 東雲しののめ　驅逐くちく艦かん 叢雲むらくも　驅逐くちく艦かん 夕ゆう霧きり　驅逐くちく艦かん 不知火しらぬい　驅逐くちく艦かん 陽炎かげろう　驅逐くちく艦かん 薄うす雲くも　右みぎ本籍ほんせきヲ佐世保させぼ鎭守ちんじゅ府所ふどころ管かんト定ていメラル　…　明治めいじ三さん十じゅう三さん年ねん六ろく月がつ二に十じゅう二に日にち 海軍かいぐん大臣だいじん 山本やまもと權兵衞ごんべえ」 ("Navy Internal Order 1908: Internal Order No. 55 June 1, 1900 to Internal Order No. 97 August 1, 1900 Image 19/20 "Internal Order No. 72 Shinonome Destroyer Murakumo Destroyer Yugiri, destroyer Shiranui, destroyer Kagero, destroyer Usugumo, right, registered under the jurisdiction of the Sasebo Defense Office...June 22, 1900, Minister of the Navy Yamamoto Gonnohyōe") (in Japanese)
  13. ^ 海軍かいぐん内ない令れい 明治めいじ33年ねん：内うち令れい第だい55号ごう 明治めいじ33年ねん6月がつ1日にち～内ない令れい第だい97号ごう 明治めいじ33年ねん8月がつ1日にち 画像がぞう20「內令第だい七なな十じゅう三さん號ごう　佐世保させぼ鎭守ちんじゅ府ふ　驅逐くちく艦かん 東雲しののめ　驅逐くちく艦かん 叢雲むらくも　驅逐くちく艦かん 夕ゆう霧きり　驅逐くちく艦かん 陽炎かげろう　驅逐くちく艦かん 薄うす雲くも　右みぎ常備じょうび艦隊かんたいニ編入へんにゅうセラル　佐世保させぼ鎭守ちんじゅ府ふ　驅逐くちく艦かん 不知火しらぬい　右みぎ豫備よび艦かんト定ていメラル　明治めいじ三さん十じゅう三さん年ねん六ろく月がつ二に十じゅう二に日にち 海軍かいぐん大臣だいじん 山本やまもと權兵衞ごんべえ」 ("Navy Internal Order 1908: Internal Order No. 55 June 1, 1900 - Internal Order No. 97 August 1, 1900 Image 20 'Internal Order No. 73 Sasebo Shogunate Destroyer Shinonome Destroyer Murakumo Destroyer Yugiri Destroyer Kagero Destroyer Usugumo, Right, Standing Fleet Second Transfer Seral Sasebo Shogunate Destroyer Shiranui, Right, Armored Cruiser Asama June 22, 1900 Minister of the Navy Yamamoto Gonnohyōe'"
  14. ^ 「極秘ごくひ 明治めいじ37.8年ねん海戦かいせん史し 第だい11部ぶ 戦局せんきょく日誌にっし 巻まき1」/第だい1編へん 開戦かいせん前まえ誌し（明治めいじ36年ねん4月がつ8日にちより37年ねん2月がつ5日にちに至いたる）」 アジア歴史れきし資料しりょうセンター Ref.C05110200200 画像がぞう3（p.5）『第だい三さん列れつ、高雄たかお、平ひらた遠とお、筑紫つくし、濟すみ遠とお、電でん、曙あけぼの、雷かみなり、朧おぼろ、叢雲むらくも、陽炎かげろう、不知火しらぬひ、薄うす雲くも、曉あかつき、霞かすみ、白雲しらくも、朝あさ潮しお、漣さざなみ "Top Secret History of the 37.8th Naval Battle Part 11 Battle Diary Volume 1" / Part 1 Pre-War Magazine (From to February 5, 1904, to April 8, 1904) Asian Historical Records Center, Ref.C05110200200 Image 3 (p.5) 'Third row, Kaohsiung, Pingyuan, Tsukushi, Zhiyuan, Inazuma, Akebono, Ikazuchi, Oboro, Murakumo, Kagero, Shiranui, Usugumo, Akatsuki, Kasumi, Shirakumo, Asashio, Sazanami′") (in Japanese)
  15. ^ a b c 聯合れんごう艦隊かんたい軍艦ぐんかん銘銘めいめい伝でん』普及ふきゅう版ばん、268頁ぺーじ ("United Fleet Gunkan Meiden popular version page 268") (in Japanese).
  16. ^ Corbett, Vol. II, pp. 322–323.
  17. ^ a b Corbett, Vol. II, p. 323.
  18. ^ Corbett, Vol. II, pp. 323–324.
  19. ^ Corbett, Vol. II, p. 324.
  20. ^ 明治めいじ三さん十じゅう七なな・八はち年ねん海戦かいせん史し. 下巻げかん 国立こくりつ国会図書館こっかいとしょかんデジタルコレクション コマ370 ("History of naval battles in 1904 and 1905. Volume 2 National Diet Library Digital Collection Frame 370") (in Japanese)
  21. ^ 帝国ていこく及列国こく海軍かいぐん』国立こくりつ国会図書館こっかいとしょかんデジタルコレクション コマ253 ("′Imperial and Imperial Navy′ National Diet Library Digital Collection Frame 253") (in Japanese)
  22. ^ 「大正たいしょう1年ねん 達たち 完かん：8月がつ」 アジア歴史れきし資料しりょうセンター Ref.C12070064400 画像がぞう33『達いたる第だい十じゅう一いち號ごう　艦艇かんてい類別るいべつ等級とうきゅう別べつ表ひょうノ通つう改正かいせいセラル　大正たいしょう元年がんねん八はち月がつ二に十じゅう八はち日にち 海軍かいぐん大臣だいじん 男爵だんしゃく斎藤さいとう實みのる　（別表べっぴょう）｜驅逐くちく艦かん|一等いっとう|千せん暾以上じょう|二に等とう|千暾未満六百暾以上|三さん等とう|六ろく百ひゃく暾未満みまん｜』 ("1912: August Asia Historical Records Center Ref.C12070064400 Image 33 ′Tatsu No. 11 Ship Classification Classification Table Revised Serral August 28, 1912 Minister of Navy Baron Minoru Saito (Appendix ): Destroyer, First class, 1,000 tons or more; Second class; Less than 1,000 tons, 600 tons or more; Third class′") (in Japanese)
  23. ^ ("1912 August Image 34 ′Tatsu 12th Revision of Ship Classification Classification Table No. August 28, 1912, Minister of Navy Baron Minoru Saito (separate table): Destroyer, Third class: Shinonome, Murakumo, Yugiri, Shiranui, Kagero, Usugumo, …′") (in Japanese)
  24. ^ Halpern.
  25. ^ Gilbert, p. 329.
  26. ^ #海軍かいぐん制度せいど沿革えんかく巻まき8 国立こくりつ国会図書館こっかいとしょかんデジタルコレクション コマ58 「大正たいしょう八はち年ねん四よん月がつ一いち日にち(達たち四よん四よん)　艦艇かんてい類別るいべつ等級とうきゅう別べつ表ひょう中ちゅう軍艦ぐんかんノ欄らん內「嚴島いつくしま、」ヲ、驅逐くちく艦かんノ欄らん內「叢雲むらくも、夕ゆう霧きり、」ヲ、水雷すいらい艇ていノ欄らん內「隼はやぶさ、鵲かささぎ、眞鶴まなづる、千鳥ちどり、」ヲ削そぎル」 ("Navy system history volume 8 National Diet Library Digital Collection Frame 58 Yugiri, 'Deleted torpedo boats, Hayabusa, Kasasagi, Manzuru, Chidori,′") (in Japanese)
  27. ^ 大正たいしょう8年ねん 海軍かいぐん公報こうほう(部内ぶない限げん)：大正たいしょう8年ねん4月がつ」 アジア歴史れきし資料しりょうセンター Ref.C12070267900 画像がぞう1「海軍かいぐん公報こうほう第だい千せん九きゅう百ひゃく六ろく十じゅう四よん號ごう附錄ふろく 大正たいしょう八はち年ねん四よん月がつ一いち日にち(火)か 海軍かいぐん大臣だいじん官房かんぼう　○令達れいたつ　…叢雲むらくも丸まる 舊きゅう驅逐くちく艦かん 叢雲むらくも　右みぎ各かく頭書とうしょノ通つう命名めいめいシ雜役ざつえき船せん(潜水せんすい艦かん母船ぼせん兼けん掃海そうかい船せん)ニ編入へんにゅうノ上橫須賀かみよこすか防備ぼうび隊たい附屬ふぞくト定ていム　… ("1919 Navy Gazette (departmental limit): April 1918 Asian Historical Records Center Ref.C12070267900 Image 1 ′Navy Gazette No. 1964, April 1, 1919 (Tuesday), Navy Minister's Secretariat Order: Murakumo Maru Destroyer Murakumo Named under the headings of the right-hand column′") (in Japanese)
  28. ^ 大正たいしょう9年ねん 達たち 完かん：7月がつ」 アジア歴史れきし資料しりょうセンター Ref.C12070077300 画像がぞう15「達いたる第だい百ひゃく五ご號ごうノ二に　大正たいしょう九きゅう年ねん七なな月がつ一いち日にち 海軍かいぐん大臣だいじん 加藤かとう友三郎ともさぶろう　特務とくむ艇てい竝なみ雜役ざつえき船せん船せん名めいヲ左記さきノ通つう改定かいていス　｜船ふね種しゅ|船ふね名めい及公稱こうしょう番號ばんごう|新しん名稱めいしょう｜…｜潜水せんすい艦かん母船ぼせん兼けん掃海そうかい船せん|叢雲むらくも丸まる|掃海そうかい艇てい 叢雲むらくも (1920: July "Center for Asian Historical Records Ref.C12070077300 Image 15 ′Tatsu No. 105 No. 2 July 1, 1919, Minister of the Navy, Tomosaburo Kato Special duty boat ship name listed on the: Ship type/Ship name and official number/New name … Submarine mothership and minesweeper/Murakumo Maru/Minesweeper Murakumo′″) (in Japanese)
  29. ^ 海軍かいぐん制度せいど沿革えんかく巻まき8 国立こくりつ国会図書館こっかいとしょかんデジタルコレクション コマ73 「大正たいしょう十じゅう一いち年ねん四よん月がつ一いち日にち(內令一いち一いち〇)　特務とくむ艇てい類別るいべつ等級とうきゅう別べつ表ひょう中ちゅう左ひだりノ通つう改正かいせいス　掃海そうかい艇てい二に等とうノ欄らん內「叢雲むらくも」「夕ゆう霧きり」ヲ削そぎリ「薄うす雲くも、」「不知火しらぬい、」「朝あさ潮しお、」「白雲しらくも、」「村雨むらさめ、」「朝霧あさぎり」ヲ加かヘ潜水せんすい艦かん母はは艇ていノ欄らん內「椅子いす山さん」ヲ削そぎリ「千代田ちよだ、」「見島みしま」ヲ加かフ」("Naval System History Volume 8 National Diet Library Digital Collection Frame 73 ′April 1, 1922 (National Ordinance 110) Special Service Boat Classification Classification Table Left No. Revision Minesweeper Second Class Column: Murakumo Delete Yugiri and add Usugumo, Shiranui, Asashio, Shirakumo, Murasame, and Asagiri. Chiyoda, Add Mishima") (in Japanese)
  30. ^ 「大正たいしょう11年ねん 海軍かいぐん公報こうほう(部内ぶない限げん)：大正たいしょう11年ねん4月がつ」 アジア歴史れきし資料しりょうセンター Ref.C12070284800 画像がぞう1「海軍かいぐん公報こうほう(部ぶ內限)第だい六ろく百ひゃく十じゅう號ごう 大正たいしょう十じゅう一いち年ねん四よん月がつ一いち日にち(土)ど 海軍かいぐん大臣だいじん官房かんぼう　○令達れいたつ　官房かんぼう第だい一いち一いち七なな五ご號ごう　舊きゅう軍艦ぐんかん周防すおう、津輕つがる、沖島おきしま、橋立はしだて、舊きゅう驅逐くちく艦かん陽炎かげろう、舊きゅう水雷すいらい艇てい燕つばめ、雁かり、蒼あおい鷹たか、鴿どばと、第だい六ろく十じゅう七なな號ごう、第だい六ろく十じゅう八はち號ごう、第だい七なな十じゅう號ごう、第だい七なな十じゅう一號各水雷艇及舊特務艇叢雲、夕ゆう霧きりハ之のヲ雜役ざつえき船せんニ編入へんにゅうシ其ノ種類しゅるい、船ふね名めい、公稱こうしょう番號ばんごう及所屬しょぞく等とうヲ左ひだりノ通つう定ていム　大正たいしょう十じゅう一いち年ねん四よん月がつ一いち日にち　海軍かいぐん大臣だいじん 男爵だんしゃく加藤かとう友三郎ともさぶろう　｜種類しゅるい|船ふね名めい(公稱こうしょう番號ばんごう)|所屬しょぞく｜…｜標的ひょうてき船せん|叢雲むらくも(舊きゅう特務とくむ艇てい叢雲むらくも)|海軍かいぐん水雷すいらい學校がっこう｜」("1922 Naval Gazette (Internal Limit): April 1922 Asian Historical Records Center Ref.C12070284800 Image 1 ′Navy Gazette (Internal Limit) No. 610 April 1, 1912 (Saturday) Navy Minister's Secretariat; Orders Cabinet No. 1175 Old warships Suo, Tsugo, Okishima, Hashidate, former destroyer Kagero, old torpedo boats Tsubame, Kari, Sotaka, Koro, No. 67, No. 68, No. 70, and No. 71, and the former special-duty boats Murakumo and Yugiri are designated service ships, and their types, ship names, designations, etc., are stipulated. April 1, 1926, Minister of the Navy Baron Yuzaburo Kato: Type/Ship name (public name)/Location") (in Japanese)
  31. ^ 「大正たいしょう14年ねん 公文こうぶん備考びこう 巻まき25 艦船かんせん：雑役ざつえき船せん廃はい船せん､公用こうよう財産ざいさん中ちゅう用途ようと廃止はいし(2)」 アジア歴史れきし資料しりょうセンター Ref.C08051372800 画像がぞう33「標的ひょうてき船せん(舊きゅう叢雲むらくも) 檢査けんさ報告ほうこく 橫須賀よこすか海軍かいぐん工廠こうしょう長ちょう 正木まさき義よし太ふとし　大正たいしょう十じゅう四よん年ねん一いち月がつ三さん十じゅう日にち調ちょう　｜所見しょけん|一いち、船体せんたい其他全般ぜんぱんニ亘わたるリ船底ふなそこ浸水しんすい個所かしょハ應急おうきゅう的てき處置しょちヲ施ほどこせシアル狀況じょうきょうニシテ多額たがくノ費用ひようヲ投なげシ修理しゅうりスル價値かち無むク廢はい船せん可か然しかモノト認みとめム｜」 ("1925 Kumon Remarks Volume 25 Ships: Discarded miscellaneous ships, abolition of use in public property (2); Asian Historical Records Center Ref.C08051372800 Image 33 'Target Ship (Murakumo Kase) Research Report Yoshita Masaki, Chief of Yokosuka Naval Arsenal Investigation of January 30, 1924: Observation 1. It is recognized that the hull and other parts of the hull in general are not worth the cost of repairing the flooded bottom of the hull, and it is not worth spending a lot of money to repair it.′") (in Japanese)
  32. ^ 雑役ざつえき船せん廃はい船せん 画像がぞう29「大正たいしょう十じゅう四よん年ねん三さん月がつ十じゅう二に日にち 大臣だいじん　二に月がつ十じゅう六ろく日にち附ふ横よこ鎭第一いち五ご九きゅう號ごうノ二に上申じょうしん雜役ざつえき船せん廢はい船せんニ關せきスル件けん認許にんきょス」 ("Miscellaneous Ship: Stricken Ship Image 29 ′March 12th, 1924, Minister, February 16th, Yokozane No. 159 No. 2, Approval of the issue of the ship's wreckage′") (in Japanese)
  33. ^ 日本にっぽん海軍かいぐん史し』第だい9巻かん・第だい10巻かんの「将官しょうかん履歴りれき」及および『官報かんぽう』に基もとづく ("Based on History of General Officers and Official Gazette in Volumes 9 and 10 of History of the Japanese Navy) (in Japanese)
  34. ^ a b 『官報かんぽう』第だい1833号ごう、大正たいしょう7年ねん9月がつ11日にち ("Official Gazette No. 1833, September 11, 1917") (in Japanese)

Bibliography[edit]

  • Cocker, Maurice (1983). Destroyers of the Royal Navy, 1893-1981. Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-1075-7.
  • Corbett, Julian S. (1994). Maritime Operations in the Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905, Volume II. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-129-7.
  • Evans, David (1979). Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887-1941. US Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-192-7.
  • Gilbert, Martin (1995). First World War. HarperCollins. ISBN 9780006376668. OCLC 1244719073.
  • Halpern, Paul G (1994). A Naval History of World War I. Routledge. ISBN 1-85728-498-4.
  • Howarth, Stephen (1983). The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun: The Drama of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1895-1945. Atheneum. ISBN 0-689-11402-8.
  • Jane, Fred T. (1904). The Imperial Japanese Navy. Thacker, Spink & Co. ASIN: B00085LCZ4.
  • Jentsura, Hansgeorg (1976). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945. US Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-893-X.
  • Lyon, David (1981). The Thornycroft List. Greenwich: National Maritime Museum.
  • Nelson, Andrew N. (1967). Japanese–English Character Dictionary. Tuttle. ISBN 0-8048-0408-7.
  • Stille, Mark (2016). The Imperial Japanese Navy of the Russo-Japanese War. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-1119-6.
  • Watts, Anthony John (1971). The Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945. London: Macdonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd. ISBN 0-356-03045-8.

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