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Ma Yize

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ma Yize (traditional: うまさわ, simplified: 马依泽,July 29, 921 –June 19, 1005)[1] was a Muslim Hui Chinese astronomer and astronomer of Arab[2] origin who worked as the chief official of the astronomical observatory for the Song dynasty. According to Chinese sources, his origin lies in an area in Northeast Yemen, 60 kilometers South of Mecca and belonged to a family which descended from a certain companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.[3]

Career and works

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In the early 10th century, the Chinese emperor of the Song dynasty encouraged the advancement of the study of astronomy and its related disciplines. In 961, the Emperor Taizu (r. 960-976) appointed Ma Yize (910?-1005) as the chief official to take charge of the government observatory.

Ma Yize assisted Wang Chuna in compiling several important astrological works, including the Yingtianli (Calendar of Corresponding Heavens). His job was to provide observation, and computation of the regularities in celestial phenomena, using the Islamic methods. His findings were used by Wang Chuna in the compilation of Yingtianli, which was completed in 963. The calculation, based on a 7-day week system similar to that in the Islamic calendar, was first adopted in this document, which was the most important occurrence in the Chinese history of calendrical methods.

Ma Yize might have consulted many works of Islamic mathematical astronomy into Chinese, including:

  • Kitab al-Zij [Al-Battani sive Albatenni Opus astronomicum], 880, by Abu'Abdallah al-Battani [Latin: Albategni or Albatenius], 858-929
  • al-Zij al-sabi [The Sabian Tables]
  • Kitab Matali' al-Buruj [On the Ascensions of the Signs of the Zodiac]
  • Kitab Aqdar al- Ittisalat [On the Quantities of the Astrological Applications]

It is possible that Ma was influenced by Al-Battani and Al-Hamdani. Owing to Ma's contribution to the compilation of 'Yingtianli', Ma was made a hereditary noble and his sons later succeeded his position with the Imperial Observatory.

References

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  1. ^ ちんひさきん (July 1996). かい回天かいてん文學ぶんがく研究けんきゅう (in Chinese). 中華人民共和國ちゅうかじんみんきょうわこく: 廣西ひろせ科學かがく技術ぎじゅつ出版しゅっぱんしゃ. pp. だい55ぺーじだい56ぺーじ. ISBN 9787806193259. せき於馬さわてきせい平和へいわはなてき活動かつどうざいふところやすしむね·始祖しそ妣序》中有ちゅううさら詳細しょうさいてき記載きさい:「うまさわこうごうりょう叟。西域せいいき魯穆國人くにびとはじめ由來ゆらいちゅうたてたかしねん歲次さいじからしとり。旌表天文てんもんりゃく,授欽てんかん世襲せしゅう侯爵こうしゃくちくきょ陝西せんせい西安しーあんけん永安えいあん鎮,尚書しょうしょとうはたらい中時なかときよんしゅんなま於勒おもね勿里がつだいじゅうにち於景とくねんがつはつじゅうにち。」可知かちただしはた自己じこてきおもねひしげはく名字みょうじ音譯おんやくなりかんめい同時どうじかえ根據こんきょ中國人ちゅうごくじんてき習慣しゅうかんごう曰漁叟。此處ここらかえあきらりょう其生そつ年月日ねんがっぴため研究けんきゅうてき生平おいだいら提供ていきょうりょう方便ほうべん。按照該宗ようじつとしてき傳統でんとうしたがえたてたかし二年辛酉來華時四十歲,推知すいち誕生たんじょう於公もと921ねん於景とくねんそく1005ねんゆうおもむきてき,其生日用にちよう斯蘭れき表示ひょうじ忌日きじつようかんれき表示ひょうじずいきょうにゅうぞく生年せいねんねん使用しよう不同ふどうてきれきほう,這是當時とうじ歷史れきしてき實錄じつろくらい古代こだいじん們並懂得りょうたねれきてき換算かんさん方法ほうほうただのう以兩しゅれきども斯蘭れきてきめいようせんめい表示ひょうじてきけい查,勒比おもねさとがつ,就是斯蘭れきさんがつRabia-al-awwelてき音譯おんやく前人ぜんじんはた其譯為賴ためよりしか敖外魯,其音也相ちかよし921ねん斯蘭れきさんがつじゅう日和びより1005ねんのうれきがつはつじゅうにち便びん推得さわなま於公もと921ねん7がつ29にち於1005ねん6がつ19にち
  2. ^ "The Song Dynasty, Silkroad Exhibit".
  3. ^ Ma, Isa. "Islamic Astronomy in China: Spread and Development".
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