Module:Japanese calendar/data

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This module is used to calculate dates in the Japanese calendar. It defines an "era" class which is designed to be called from other Lua modules, and it also contains several functions to export Japanese calendar data directly to Wikipedia pages through #invoke.

Usage

Through #invoke

• {{#invoke:Japanese calendar|function_name|year=year|era=article name or kanji|previous=yes|next=yes}}

The function name specifies how the data should be outputted. The year and era parameters determine what era and year the module outputs. The next and previous parameters tell the module to return data for the next or previous era, rather than the one specified. If a combination of parameters is invalid the module will usually output nothing. However, if both the next and previous parameters are specified it will output an error.

Year and era

The year parameter is the year in the Gregorian calendar. The era parameter can either be the article name for that era, or the era's name in kanji. (Transcribed English era names can usually be used, but will not work if they are ambiguous.) Either year or era must be specified. If both are specified, the module defaults to using era to get the era data. This enables output of the last year of the previous era (for example, Shōwa 64 is the same year as Heisei 1).

Code	Output
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link|year=1950}}	Shōwa
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link|era=Shōwa period}}	Shōwa
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link|era=昭和しょうわ}}	Shōwa
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link|era=Shōwa}}
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link_year|year=1989}}	Heisei 1
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link_year|year=1989|era=Shōwa period}}	Shōwa 64
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link_year|year=1990}}	Heisei 2
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link_year|year=1990|era=Shōwa period}}

Functions

Code	Description	Example
baseyear	The first year of the specified era.	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|baseyear|era=Heisei}} → 1989
endyear	The last year of the specified era.	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|endyear|era=Shōwa period}} → 1989
year	The year for the specified era, without the era name. Defaults to the newer era, if more than one is applicable.	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|year|year=1989}} → 1
kanjiyear	The same as year, but in kanji. The first year of an era is changed to the kanji 元もと, and the others are changed to full-width numbers.	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|kanjiyear|year=1989}} → 元もと
article	The Wikipedia article for the era, unlinked.	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|article|year=1950}} → Shōwa (1926–1989)
label	The name of the era. Same as article for undisambiguated titles.	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|label|year=1950}} → Shōwa
link	A link to the Wikipedia article of the specified era.	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link|year=1950}} → Shōwa
kanji	The kanji for the specified era.	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|kanji|year=1950}} → 昭和しょうわ
label_year	label followed by year	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|label_year|year=1989}} → Heisei 1
link_year	link followed by year	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link_year|year=1989}} → Heisei 1
label_kanjiyear	label followed by kanjiyear	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|label_kanjiyear|year=1989}} → Heisei 元もと
link_kanjiyear	link followed by kanjiyear	{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link_kanjiyear|year=1989}} → Heisei 元もと

Next, previous and old

If the next parameter is specified, the module outputs the data for the subsequent era; if the previous parameter is specified it outputs the data for the previous one. If the old parameter is specified, the module outputs the data for the "old" era. This is the same as the current era unless the year is set to the first year of the specified era. If this is the case, then old outputs the data for the previous era. However, if the module could not find a valid previous era then the data for the current era is returned.

Code	Output
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|baseyear|era=Shōwa period}}	1926
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|baseyear|era=Shōwa period|next=yes}}	1989
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|baseyear|era=Shōwa period|previous=yes}}	1912
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|baseyear|era=Shōwa period|old=yes}}	1926
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link|year=1880}}	Meiji
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link|year=1880|next=yes}}	Taishō
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link|year=1880|previous=yes}}	Keiō
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link|year=1880|old=yes}}	Meiji
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link_year|year=1926}}	Shōwa 1
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link_year|year=1926|old=yes}}	Taishō 15
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link_year|year=1927}}	Shōwa 2
{{#invoke:Japanese calendar|link_year|year=1927|old=yes}}	Shōwa 2

From another Lua module

First of all, the era class must be loaded, like this:

• local era = require( 'Module:Japanese calendar' ).era

Once the class is loaded, you can make a new era object using era:new():

• local myEra = era:new{ year = year, era = article name or kanji }

Either year or era must be specified. It is also possible to use an index field, corresponding to the index of Module:Japanese calendar/data, but this is for internal use only and will change as new eras are added.

Properties

Era objects have a number of properties. Their values might be nil if the module did not have enough information to process them, or the values could be false if they correspond to an invalid era. You can specify properties with the dot syntax:

• local article = myEra.article

The properties are as follows:

• gregorianYear: the year in the Gregorian calendar. Same as the input year.
• startYear: the first year of the specified era.
• endYear: the last year of the specified era.
• eraYear: the year of the specified era, without the era name.
• eraYearKanji: a string representing the era year in kanji. The first year of an era is changed to the kanji 元もと, and the others are changed to full-width numbers. Note: even though the output may often look like a number, it will always be a string value.
• article: the Wikipedia article for the era, unlinked.
• label: the name of the era. Same as article unless the article title is disambiguated.
• kanji: the name of the era in kanji.

Methods

Era objects have three methods. Methods can be specified with the colon syntax:

• local nextEra = myEra:getNextEra()

The methods are as follows:

• era:getNextEra() - gets the era object for the next era. Returns nil if it doesn't exist.
• era:getPreviousEra() - gets the era object for the previous era. Returns nil if it doesn't exist.
• era:getOldEra() - gets the era object for the "old" era. This is the same as the current era object unless eraYear equals 1. If eraYear equals 1 then this returns the era object for the previous era. If the module could not find a valid previous era object then the current era object is returned.

The above documentation is transcluded from Module:Japanese calendar/data/doc. (edit | history)
Editors can experiment in this module's sandbox (create | mirror) and testcases (create) pages.
Subpages of this module.

-- This module stores the data for [[Module:Japanese calendar]]. The formatting is as follows:
--
--  {
--      article = "Shōwa (1926–1989)",   -- The Wikipedia article about the era.
--      startYear = 1926,           -- The year that the era started.
--      endYear = 1989,             -- The year that the era ended.
--      kanji = "昭和しょうわ",             -- The kanji for the era.
--      label = "Shōwa"             -- The romaji for the era, if the article name is disambiguated.
--  },
--
-- The "label" field may be absent some or most of the time, and the "article" and "kanji" values
-- may be set to "" (the blank string) if it is a period between era names.
-- See [[Japanese era name]] for more details on era names and how they correspond to
-- Gregorian calendar years.

eras = {
    {
        article = "Reiwa",
        startYear = 2019,
        kanji = "令れい和わ",
    },
    {
        article = "Heisei",
        startYear = 1989,
        endyear = 2019,
        kanji = "平成へいせい",
    },
    {
        article = "Shōwa (1926–1989)",
        startYear = 1926,
        endYear = 1989,
        kanji = "昭和しょうわ",
        label = "Shōwa"
    },
    {
        article = "Taishō",
        startYear = 1912,
        endYear = 1926,
        kanji = "大正たいしょう",
    },
    {
        article = "Meiji (era)",
        startYear = 1868,
        endYear = 1912,
        kanji = "明治めいじ",
        label = "Meiji"
    },
    {
        article = "Keiō",
        startYear = 1865,
        endYear = 1868,
        kanji = "慶応けいおう"
    },
    {
        article = "Genji (era)",
        startYear = 1864,
        endYear = 1865,
        kanji = "元治もとはる",
        label = "Genji"
    },
    {
        article = "Bunkyū",
        startYear = 1861,
        endYear = 1864,
        kanji = "文久ぶんきゅう"
    },
    {
        article = "Man'en",
        startYear = 1860,
        endYear = 1861,
        kanji = "万延まんえん"
    },
    {
        article = "Ansei",
        startYear = 1854,
        endYear = 1860,
        kanji = "安政あんせい"
    },
    {
        article = "Kaei",
        startYear = 1848,
        endYear = 1854,
        kanji = "嘉よしみ永ひさし"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōka",
        startYear = 1844,
        endYear = 1848,
        kanji = "弘ひろ化か"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenpō",
        startYear = 1830,
        endYear = 1844,
        kanji = "天保てんぽう"
    },
    {
        article = "Bunsei",
        startYear = 1818,
        endYear = 1830,
        kanji = "文政ぶんせい"
    },
    {
        article = "Bunka",
        startYear = 1804,
        endYear = 1818,
        kanji = "文化ぶんか"
    },
    {
        article = "Kyōwa",
        startYear = 1802,
        endYear = 1804,
        kanji = "享とおる和わ"
    },
    {
        article = "Kansei",
        startYear = 1789,
        endYear = 1802,
        kanji = "寛政かんせい"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenmei",
        startYear = 1781,
        endYear = 1789,
        kanji = "天明てんめい"
    },
    {
        article = "An'ei",
        startYear = 1772,
        endYear = 1781,
        kanji = "安永やすなが"
    },
    {
        article = "Meiwa",
        startYear = 1764,
        endYear = 1772,
        kanji = "明和めいわ"
    },
    {
        article = "Hōreki",
        startYear = 1751,
        endYear = 1764,
        kanji = "宝たから暦れき"
    },
    {
        article = "Kan'en",
        startYear = 1748,
        endYear = 1751,
        kanji = "寛延かんえい"
    },
    {
        article = "Enkyō (Edo period)",
        startYear = 1744,
        endYear = 1748,
        kanji = "延のべ享とおる",
        label = "Enkyō"
    },
    {
        article = "Kanpō",
        startYear = 1741,
        endYear = 1744,
        kanji = "寛ひろし保ほ"
    },
    {
        article = "Genbun",
        startYear = 1736,
        endYear = 1741,
        kanji = "元もと文ぶん"
    },
    {
        article = "Kyōhō",
        startYear = 1716,
        endYear = 1736,
        kanji = "享とおる保ほ"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōtoku (era)",
        startYear = 1711,
        endYear = 1716,
        kanji = "正徳まさのり",
        label = "Shōtoku"
    },
    {
        article = "Hōei",
        startYear = 1704,
        endYear = 1711,
        kanji = "宝永ほうえい"
    },
    {
        article = "Genroku",
        startYear = 1688,
        endYear = 1704,
        kanji = "元禄げんろく"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōkyō",
        startYear = 1684,
        endYear = 1688,
        kanji = "貞享ていきょう"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenna",
        startYear = 1681,
        endYear = 1684,
        kanji = "天和てんわ"
    },
    {
        article = "Enpō",
        startYear = 1673,
        endYear = 1681,
        kanji = "延のべ宝たから"
    },
    {
        article = "Kanbun (era)",
        startYear = 1661,
        endYear = 1673,
        kanji = "寛文ひろふみ",
        label = "Kanbun"
    },
    {
        article = "Manji (era)",
        startYear = 1658,
        endYear = 1661,
        kanji = "万治まんじ",
        label = "Manji"
    },
    {
        article = "Meireki",
        startYear = 1655,
        endYear = 1658,
        kanji = "明あかり暦れき"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōō (Edo period)",
        startYear = 1652,
        endYear = 1655,
        kanji = "承うけたまわ応おう",
        label = "Jōō"
    },
    {
        article = "Keian",
        startYear = 1648,
        endYear = 1652,
        kanji = "慶安けいあん"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōhō",
        startYear = 1644,
        endYear = 1648,
        kanji = "正保まさやす"
    },
    {
        article = "Kan'ei",
        startYear = 1624,
        endYear = 1644,
        kanji = "寛永かんえい"
    },
    {
        article = "Genna",
        startYear = 1615,
        endYear = 1624,
        kanji = "元和げんな"
    },
    {
        article = "Keichō",
        startYear = 1596,
        endYear = 1615,
        kanji = "慶長けいちょう"
    },
    {
        article = "Bunroku",
        startYear = 1592,
        endYear = 1596,
        kanji = "文ぶん禄ろく"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenshō (Momoyama period)",
        startYear = 1573,
        endYear = 1592,
        kanji = "天正てんしょう",
        label = "Tenshō"
    },
    {
        article = "Genki (era)",
        startYear = 1570,
        endYear = 1573,
        kanji = "元もと亀かめ",
        label = "Genki"
    },
    {
        article = "Eiroku",
        startYear = 1558,
        endYear = 1570,
        kanji = "永えい禄ろく"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōji (Muromachi period)",
        startYear = 1555,
        endYear = 1558,
        kanji = "弘治こうじ",
        label = "Kōji"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenbun",
        startYear = 1532,
        endYear = 1555,
        kanji = "天文てんもん"
    },
    {
        article = "Kyōroku",
        startYear = 1528,
        endYear = 1532,
        kanji = "享とおる禄ろく"
    },
    {
        article = "Daiei (era)",
        startYear = 1521,
        endYear = 1528,
        kanji = "大だい永ひさし",
        label = "Daiei"
    },
    {
        article = "Eishō (Muromachi period)",
        startYear = 1504,
        endYear = 1521,
        kanji = "永えい正ただし",
        label = "Eishō"
    },
    {
        article = "Bunki",
        startYear = 1501,
        endYear = 1504,
        kanji = "文ぶん亀かめ"
    },
    {
        article = "Meiō",
        startYear = 1492,
        endYear = 1501,
        kanji = "明あきら応おう",
    },
    {
        article = "Entoku",
        startYear = 1489,
        endYear = 1492,
        kanji = "延徳えんとく"
    },
    {
        article = "Chōkyō",
        startYear = 1487,
        endYear = 1489,
        kanji = "長ちょう享とおる"
    },
    {
        article = "Bunmei",
        startYear = 1469,
        endYear = 1487,
        kanji = "文明ぶんめい"
    },
    {
        article = "Ōnin",
        startYear = 1467,
        endYear = 1469,
        kanji = "応仁おうにん"
    },
    {
        article = "Bunshō",
        startYear = 1466,
        endYear = 1467,
        kanji = "文正ふみまさ"
    },
    {
        article = "Kanshō",
        startYear = 1460,
        endYear = 1466,
        kanji = "寛ひろし正ただし"
    },
    {
        article = "Chōroku",
        startYear = 1457,
        endYear = 1460,
        kanji = "長禄ちょうろく"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōshō",
        startYear = 1455,
        endYear = 1457,
        kanji = "康正こうせい"
    },
    {
        article = "Kyōtoku",
        startYear = 1452,
        endYear = 1455,
        kanji = "享とおる徳とく"
    },
    {
        article = "Hōtoku",
        startYear = 1449,
        endYear = 1452,
        kanji = "宝たから徳いさお"
    },
    {
        article = "Bun'an",
        startYear = 1444,
        endYear = 1449,
        kanji = "文ぶん安やす"
    },
    {
        article = "Kakitsu",
        startYear = 1441,
        endYear = 1444,
        kanji = "嘉吉よしきち"
    },
    {
        article = "Eikyō",
        startYear = 1429,
        endYear = 1441,
        kanji = "永えい享とおる"
    },
    {
        article = "Shocho",
        startYear = 1428,
        endYear = 1429,
        kanji = "正せい長ちょう"
    },
    {
        article = "Ōei",
        startYear = 1394,
        endYear = 1428,
        kanji = "応おう永ひさし"
    },
    {
        article = "Meitoku",
        startYear = 1390,
        endYear = 1394,
        kanji = "明徳めいとく"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōō",
        startYear = 1389,
        endYear = 1390,
        kanji = "康かん応おう"
    },
    {
        article = "Kakei",
        startYear = 1387,
        endYear = 1389,
        kanji = "嘉よしみ慶けい"
    },
    {
        article = "Shitoku",
        startYear = 1384,
        endYear = 1387,
        kanji = "至徳しとく"
    },
    {
        article = "Eitoku",
        startYear = 1381,
        endYear = 1384,
        kanji = "永えい徳いさお"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōryaku",
        startYear = 1379,
        endYear = 1381,
        kanji = "康かん暦れき"
    },
    {
        article = "Eiwa",
        startYear = 1375,
        endYear = 1379,
        kanji = "永和えいわ"
    },
    {
        article = "Ōan",
        startYear = 1368,
        endYear = 1375,
        kanji = "応おう安やす"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōji",
        startYear = 1362,
        endYear = 1368,
        kanji = "貞治さだはる"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōan (Muromachi period)",
        startYear = 1361,
        endYear = 1362,
        kanji = "康かん安やすし",
        label = "Kōan"
    },
    {
        article = "Enbun",
        startYear = 1356,
        endYear = 1361,
        kanji = "延のべ文ぶん"
    },
    {
        article = "Bunna",
        startYear = 1352,
        endYear = 1356,
        kanji = "文和ふみかず"
    },
    {
        article = "Kannō",
        startYear = 1350,
        endYear = 1352,
        kanji = "観かん応おう"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōwa (Muromachi period)",
        startYear = 1345,
        endYear = 1350,
        kanji = "貞和さだかず",
        label = "Jōwa"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōei",
        startYear = 1342,
        endYear = 1345,
        kanji = "康かん永ひさし"
    },
    {
        article = "Ryakuō",
        startYear = 1338,
        endYear = 1342,
        kanji = "暦こよみ応おう"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōkei",
        startYear = 1332,
        endYear = 1338,
        kanji = "正せい慶けい"
    },
    {
        article = "Kenmu",
        startYear = 1334,
        endYear = 1332,
        kanji = "建たて武たけし"
    },
    {
        article = "Genkō (second)",
        startYear = 1331,
        endYear = 1334,
        kanji = "元弘もとひろ",
        label = "Genkō"
    },
    {
        article = "Gentoku",
        startYear = 1329,
        endYear = 1331,
        kanji = "元もと徳とく"
    },
    {
        article = "Karyaku",
        startYear = 1326,
        endYear = 1329,
        kanji = "嘉よしみ暦れき"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōchū (era)",
        startYear = 1324,
        endYear = 1326,
        kanji = "正中せいちゅう",
        label = "Shōchū"
    },
    {
        article = "Genkō (first)",
        startYear = 1321,
        endYear = 1324,
        kanji = "元げん亨とおる",
        label = "Genkō"
    },
    {
        article = "Gen'ō",
        startYear = 1319,
        endYear = 1321,
        kanji = "元もと応おう"
    },
    {
        article = "Bunpō",
        startYear = 1317,
        endYear = 1319,
        kanji = "文ぶん保ほ"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōwa (1312–1317)",
        startYear = 1312,
        endYear = 1317,
        kanji = "正和しょうわ",
        label = "Shōwa"
    },
    {
        article = "Ōchō",
        startYear = 1311,
        endYear = 1312,
        kanji = "応おう長ちょう"
    },
    {
        article = "Enkyō (Kamakura period)",
        startYear = 1308,
        endYear = 1311,
        kanji = "延のべ慶けい",
        label = "Enkyō"
    },
    {
        article = "Tokuji",
        startYear = 1306,
        endYear = 1308,
        kanji = "徳治とくじ"
    },
    {
        article = "Kagen",
        startYear = 1303,
        endYear = 1306,
        kanji = "嘉よしみ元もと"
    },
    {
        article = "Kengen",
        startYear = 1302,
        endYear = 1303,
        kanji = "乾いぬい元はじめ"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōan",
        startYear = 1299,
        endYear = 1302,
        kanji = "正安まさやす"
    },
    {
        article = "Einin",
        startYear = 1293,
        endYear = 1299,
        kanji = "永えい仁ひとし"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōō (Kamakura period)",
        startYear = 1288,
        endYear = 1293,
        kanji = "正せい応おう",
        label = "Shōō"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōan (Kamakura period)",
        startYear = 1278,
        endYear = 1288,
        kanji = "弘安ひろやす",
        label = "Kōan"
    },
    {
        article = "Kenji (era)",
        startYear = 1275,
        endYear = 1278,
        kanji = "建治けんじ",
        label = "Kenji"
    },
    {
        article = "Bun'ei",
        startYear = 1264,
        endYear = 1275,
        kanji = "文ぶん永ひさし"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōchō",
        startYear = 1261,
        endYear = 1264,
        kanji = "弘ひろ長ちょう"
    },
    {
        article = "Bun'ō",
        startYear = 1260,
        endYear = 1261,
        kanji = "文ぶん応おう"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōgen",
        startYear = 1259,
        endYear = 1260,
        kanji = "正せい元もと"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōka (era)",
        startYear = 1257,
        endYear = 1259,
        kanji = "正せい嘉よしみ"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōgen",
        startYear = 1256,
        endYear = 1257,
        kanji = "康かん元はじめ"
    },
    {
        article = "Kenchō",
        startYear = 1249,
        endYear = 1256,
        kanji = "建けん長ちょう"
    },
    {
        article = "Hōji (era)",
        startYear = 1247,
        endYear = 1249,
        kanji = "宝たから治おさむ",
        label = "Hōji"
    },
    {
        article = "Kangen",
        startYear = 1243,
        endYear = 1247,
        kanji = "寛ひろし元もと"
    },
    {
        article = "Ninji",
        startYear = 1240,
        endYear = 1243,
        kanji = "仁じん治ち"
    },
    {
        article = "En'ō",
        startYear = 1239,
        endYear = 1240,
        kanji = "延のべ応おう"
    },
    {
        article = "Ryakunin",
        startYear = 1238,
        endYear = 1239,
        kanji = "暦こよみ仁ひとし"
    },
    {
        article = "Katei",
        startYear = 1235,
        endYear = 1238,
        kanji = "嘉よしみ禎ただし"
    },
    {
        article = "Bunryaku",
        startYear = 1234,
        endYear = 1235,
        kanji = "文ぶん暦れき"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenpuku",
        startYear = 1233,
        endYear = 1234,
        kanji = "天福てんぷく"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōei",
        startYear = 1232,
        endYear = 1233,
        kanji = "貞さだ永ひさし"
    },
    {
        article = "Kangi",
        startYear = 1229,
        endYear = 1232,
        kanji = "寛ひろし喜き"
    },
    {
        article = "Antei",
        startYear = 1227,
        endYear = 1229,
        kanji = "安貞やすさだ"
    },
    {
        article = "Karoku",
        startYear = 1225,
        endYear = 1227,
        kanji = "嘉よしみ禄ろく"
    },
    {
        article = "Gennin",
        startYear = 1224,
        endYear = 1225,
        kanji = "元げん仁ひとし"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōō (Kamakura period)",
        startYear = 1222,
        endYear = 1224,
        kanji = "貞さだ応おう",
        label = "Jōō"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōkyū",
        startYear = 1219,
        endYear = 1222,
        kanji = "承うけたまわ久ひさし"
    },
    {
        article = "Kenpō (era)",
        startYear = 1213,
        endYear = 1219,
        kanji = "建たて保たもつ",
        label = "Kenpō"
    },
    {
        article = "Kenryaku",
        startYear = 1211,
        endYear = 1213,
        kanji = "建けん暦れき"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōgen (Kamakura period)",
        startYear = 1207,
        endYear = 1211,
        kanji = "承うけたまわ元もと",
        label = "Jōgen"
    },
    {
        article = "Ken'ei",
        startYear = 1206,
        endYear = 1207,
        kanji = "建たて永ひさし"
    },
    {
        article = "Genkyū",
        startYear = 1204,
        endYear = 1206,
        kanji = "元久もとひさ"
    },
    {
        article = "Kennin",
        startYear = 1201,
        endYear = 1204,
        kanji = "建たて仁ひとし"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōji (era)",
        startYear = 1199,
        endYear = 1201,
        kanji = "正治しょうじ",
        label = "Shōji"
    },
    {
        article = "Kenkyū",
        startYear = 1190,
        endYear = 1199,
        kanji = "建たて久ひさ"
    },
    {
        article = "Bunji (era)",
        startYear = 1185,
        endYear = 1190,
        kanji = "文治ぶんじ",
        label = "Bunji"
    },
    {
        article = "Genryaku",
        startYear = 1184,
        endYear = 1185,
        kanji = "元もと暦こよみ"
    },
    {
        article = "Juei",
        startYear = 1182,
        endYear = 1184,
        kanji = "寿ことぶき永ひさし"
    },
    {
        article = "Yōwa",
        startYear = 1181,
        endYear = 1182,
        kanji = "養和ようわ"
    },
    {
        article = "Jishō",
        startYear = 1177,
        endYear = 1181,
        kanji = "治ち承うけたまわ"
    },
    {
        article = "Angen",
        startYear = 1175,
        endYear = 1177,
        kanji = "安元やすもと"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōan (era)",
        startYear = 1171,
        endYear = 1175,
        kanji = "承うけたまわ安やす",
        label = "Jōan"
    },
    {
        article = "Kaō (era)",
        startYear = 1169,
        endYear = 1171,
        kanji = "嘉よしみ応おう",
        label = "Kaō"
    },
    {
        article = "Nin'an",
        startYear = 1166,
        endYear = 1169,
        kanji = "仁じん安やす"
    },
    {
        article = "Eiman",
        startYear = 1165,
        endYear = 1166,
        kanji = "永えい万よろず"
    },
    {
        article = "Chōkan",
        startYear = 1163,
        endYear = 1165,
        kanji = "長ちょう寛ひろし"
    },
    {
        article = "Ōhō",
        startYear = 1161,
        endYear = 1163,
        kanji = "応おう保ほ"
    },
    {
        article = "Eiryaku",
        startYear = 1160,
        endYear = 1161,
        kanji = "永なが暦れき"
    },
    {
        article = "Heiji",
        startYear = 1159,
        endYear = 1160,
        kanji = "平治へいじ"
    },
    {
        article = "Hōgen (era)",
        startYear = 1156,
        endYear = 1159,
        kanji = "保ほ元もと",
        label = "Hōgen"
    },
    {
        article = "Kyūju",
        startYear = 1154,
        endYear = 1156,
        kanji = "久寿きゅうじゅ"
    },
    {
        article = "Ninpei",
        startYear = 1151,
        endYear = 1154,
        kanji = "仁平にだいら"
    },
    {
        article = "Kyūan",
        startYear = 1145,
        endYear = 1151,
        kanji = "久安ひさやす"
    },
    {
        article = "Ten'yō",
        startYear = 1144,
        endYear = 1145,
        kanji = "天てん養よう"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōji (Heian period)",
        startYear = 1142,
        endYear = 1144,
        kanji = "康治こうじ",
        label = "Kōji"
    },
    {
        article = "Eiji (era)",
        startYear = 1141,
        endYear = 1142,
        kanji = "永治えいじ"
    },
    {
        article = "Hōen",
        startYear = 1135,
        endYear = 1141,
        kanji = "保ほ延のべ"
    },
    {
        article = "Chōshō",
        startYear = 1132,
        endYear = 1135,
        kanji = "長ちょう承うけたまわ"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenshō (Heian period)",
        startYear = 1131,
        endYear = 1132,
        kanji = "天てん承うけたまわ",
        label = "Tenshō"
    },
    {
        article = "Daiji (era)",
        startYear = 1126,
        endYear = 1131,
        kanji = "大治おおはる",
        label = "Daiji"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenji (era)",
        startYear = 1124,
        endYear = 1126,
        kanji = "天てん治ち",
        label = "Tenji"
    },
    {
        article = "Hōan",
        startYear = 1120,
        endYear = 1124,
        kanji = "保安ほあん"
    },
    {
        article = "Gen'ei",
        startYear = 1118,
        endYear = 1120,
        kanji = "元永もとなが"
    },
    {
        article = "Eikyū",
        startYear = 1113,
        endYear = 1118,
        kanji = "永久えいきゅう"
    },
    {
        article = "Ten'ei",
        startYear = 1110,
        endYear = 1113,
        kanji = "天てん永ひさし"
    },
    {
        article = "Tennin (era)",
        startYear = 1108,
        endYear = 1110,
        kanji = "天てん仁ひとし",
        label = "Tennin"
    },
    {
        article = "Kajō",
        startYear = 1106,
        endYear = 1108,
        kanji = "嘉よしみ承うけたまわ"
    },
    {
        article = "Chōji",
        startYear = 1104,
        endYear = 1106,
        kanji = "長治ながはる"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōwa (Heian period)",
        startYear = 1099,
        endYear = 1104,
        kanji = "康かん和かず",
        label = "Kōwa"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōtoku",
        startYear = 1097,
        endYear = 1099,
        kanji = "承うけたまわ徳とく"
    },
    {
        article = "Eichō",
        startYear = 1096,
        endYear = 1097,
        kanji = "永長ながおさ"
    },
    {
        article = "Kahō",
        startYear = 1094,
        endYear = 1096,
        kanji = "嘉よしみ保ほ"
    },
    {
        article = "Kanji (era)",
        startYear = 1087,
        endYear = 1094,
        kanji = "寛治かんじ",
        label = "Kanji"
    },
    {
        article = "Ōtoku",
        startYear = 1084,
        endYear = 1087,
        kanji = "応おう徳とく"
    },
    {
        article = "Eihō",
        startYear = 1081,
        endYear = 1084,
        kanji = "永えい保たもつ"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōryaku",
        startYear = 1077,
        endYear = 1081,
        kanji = "承うけたまわ暦こよみ"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōhō",
        startYear = 1074,
        endYear = 1077,
        kanji = "承うけたまわ保ほ"
    },
    {
        article = "Enkyū",
        startYear = 1069,
        endYear = 1074,
        kanji = "延久のべひさ"
    },
    {
        article = "Jiryaku",
        startYear = 1065,
        endYear = 1069,
        kanji = "治ち暦れき"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōhei",
        startYear = 1058,
        endYear = 1065,
        kanji = "康平こうへい"
    },
    {
        article = "Tengi",
        startYear = 1053,
        endYear = 1058,
        kanji = "天てん喜き"
    },
    {
        article = "Eishō (Heian period)",
        startYear = 1046,
        endYear = 1053,
        kanji = "永ひさし承うけたまわ",
        label = "Eishō"
    },
    {
        article = "Kantoku",
        startYear = 1044,
        endYear = 1046,
        kanji = "寛ひろし徳とく"
    },
    {
        article = "Chōkyū",
        startYear = 1040,
        endYear = 1044,
        kanji = "長久ちょうきゅう"
    },
    {
        article = "Chōryaku",
        startYear = 1037,
        endYear = 1040,
        kanji = "長ちょう暦れき"
    },
    {
        article = "Chōgen",
        startYear = 1028,
        endYear = 1037,
        kanji = "長ちょう元はじめ"
    },
    {
        article = "Manju (era)",
        startYear = 1024,
        endYear = 1028,
        kanji = "万寿まんす",
        label = "Manju"
    },
    {
        article = "Jian (era)",
        startYear = 1021,
        endYear = 1024,
        kanji = "治安ちあん",
        label = "Jian"
    },
    {
        article = "Kannin",
        startYear = 1017,
        endYear = 1021,
        kanji = "寛仁かんじん"
    },
    {
        article = "Chōwa",
        startYear = 1012,
        endYear = 1017,
        kanji = "長和おさわ"
    },
    {
        article = "Kankō",
        startYear = 1004,
        endYear = 1012,
        kanji = "寛弘かんこう"
    },
    {
        article = "Chōhō (era)",
        startYear = 999,
        endYear = 1004,
        kanji = "長保ながほ",
        label = "Chōhō"
    },
    {
        article = "Chōtoku",
        startYear = 995,
        endYear = 999,
        kanji = "長ちょう徳いさお"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōryaku",
        startYear = 990,
        endYear = 995,
        kanji = "正せい暦こよみ"
    },
    {
        article = "Eiso (era)",
        startYear = 988,
        endYear = 990,
        kanji = "永えい祚",
        label = "Eiso"
    },
    {
        article = "Eien",
        startYear = 987,
        endYear = 988,
        kanji = "永えい延のべ"
    },
    {
        article = "Kanna (era)",
        startYear = 985,
        endYear = 987,
        kanji = "寛和ひろかず",
        label = "Kanna"
    },
    {
        article = "Eikan",
        startYear = 983,
        endYear = 985,
        kanji = "永観えいかん"
    },
    {
        article = "Tengen (era)",
        startYear = 978,
        endYear = 983,
        kanji = "天元てんげん",
        label = "Tengen"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōgen (Heian period)",
        startYear = 976,
        endYear = 978,
        kanji = "貞元さだもと",
        label = "Jōgen"
    },
    {
        article = "Ten'en",
        startYear = 973,
        endYear = 976,
        kanji = "天てん延のべ"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenroku",
        startYear = 970,
        endYear = 973,
        kanji = "天てん禄ろく"
    },
    {
        article = "Anna (era)",
        startYear = 968,
        endYear = 970,
        kanji = "安和やすかず",
        label = "Anna"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōhō",
        startYear = 964,
        endYear = 968,
        kanji = "康かん保たもつ"
    },
    {
        article = "Ōwa",
        startYear = 961,
        endYear = 964,
        kanji = "応おう和わ"
    },
    {
        article = "Tentoku",
        startYear = 957,
        endYear = 961,
        kanji = "天徳てんとく"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenryaku",
        startYear = 947,
        endYear = 957,
        kanji = "天てん暦れき"
    },
    {
        article = "Tengyō",
        startYear = 938,
        endYear = 947,
        kanji = "天てん慶けい"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōhei",
        startYear = 931,
        endYear = 938,
        kanji = "承うけたまわ平ひら"
    },
    {
        article = "Enchō",
        startYear = 923,
        endYear = 931,
        kanji = "延長えんちょう"
    },
    {
        article = "Engi (era)",
        startYear = 901,
        endYear = 923,
        kanji = "延喜えんぎ",
        label = "Engi"
    },
    {
        article = "Shōtai",
        startYear = 898,
        endYear = 901,
        kanji = "昌あきら泰やすし"
    },
    {
        article = "Kanpyō (era)",
        startYear = 889,
        endYear = 898,
        kanji = "寛平かんぺい",
        label = "Kanpyō"
    },
    {
        article = "Ninna",
        startYear = 885,
        endYear = 889,
        kanji = "仁和にわ"
    },
    {
        article = "Gangyō",
        startYear = 877,
        endYear = 885,
        kanji = "元もと慶けい"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōgan",
        startYear = 859,
        endYear = 877,
        kanji = "貞さだ観かん"
    },
    {
        article = "Ten'an",
        startYear = 857,
        endYear = 859,
        kanji = "天てん安やす"
    },
    {
        article = "Saikō",
        startYear = 854,
        endYear = 857,
        kanji = "斉ひとし衡"
    },
    {
        article = "Ninju",
        startYear = 851,
        endYear = 854,
        kanji = "仁じん寿ことぶき"
    },
    {
        article = "Kashō",
        startYear = 848,
        endYear = 851,
        kanji = "嘉よしみ祥さち"
    },
    {
        article = "Jōwa (Heian period)",
        startYear = 834,
        endYear = 848,
        kanji = "承うけたまわ和わ",
        label = "Jōwa"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenchō",
        startYear = 824,
        endYear = 834,
        kanji = "天てん長ちょう"
    },
    {
        article = "Kōnin (era)",
        startYear = 810,
        endYear = 824,
        kanji = "弘ひろし仁ひとし",
        label = "Kōnin"
    },
    {
        article = "Daidō",
        startYear = 806,
        endYear = 810,
        kanji = "大同だいどう"
    },
    {
        article = "Enryaku",
        startYear = 782,
        endYear = 806,
        kanji = "延のべ暦れき"
    },
    {
        article = "Ten'ō",
        startYear = 781,
        endYear = 782,
        kanji = "天てん応おう"
    },
    {
        article = "Hōki",
        startYear = 770,
        endYear = 781,
        kanji = "宝たから亀ひさし"
    },
    {
        article = "Jingo-keiun",
        startYear = 767,
        endYear = 770,
        kanji = "神護かんご景けい雲くも"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenpyō-jingo",
        startYear = 765,
        endYear = 767,
        kanji = "天平てんぺい神護かんご"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenpyō-hōji",
        startYear = 757,
        endYear = 765,
        kanji = "天平てんぴょう宝たから字じ"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenpyō-shōhō",
        startYear = 749,
        endYear = 757,
        kanji = "天平てんぴょう勝かち宝たから"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenpyō-kanpō",
        startYear = 749,
        endYear = 749,
        kanji = "天平てんぴょう感かん宝たから"
    },
    {
        article = "Tenpyō",
        startYear = 729,
        endYear = 749,
        kanji = "天平てんぺい"
    },
    {
        article = "Jinki (era)",
        startYear = 724,
        endYear = 729,
        kanji = "神かみ亀ひさし",
        label = "Jinki"
    },
    {
        article = "Yōrō",
        startYear = 717,
        endYear = 724,
        kanji = "養老ようろう"
    },
    {
        article = "Reiki (era)",
        startYear = 715,
        endYear = 717,
        kanji = "霊れい亀かめ",
        label = "Reiki"
    },
    {
        article = "Wadō (era)",
        startYear = 708,
        endYear = 715,
        kanji = "和銅わどう",
        label = "Wadō"
    },
    {
        article = "Keiun",
        startYear = 704,
        endYear = 708,
        kanji = "慶けい雲くも"
    },
    {
        article = "Taihō (era)",
        startYear = 701,
        endYear = 704,
        kanji = "大宝たいほう",
        label = "Taihō"
    },
    {
        article = "Shuchō",
        startYear = 686,
        endYear = 686,
        kanji = "朱鳥あすか"
    },
    {
        article = "Hakuchi (era)",
        startYear = 650,
        endYear = 654,
        kanji = "白しろ雉",
        label = "Hakuchi"
    },
    {
        article = "Taika (era)",
        startYear = 645,
        endYear = 650,
        kanji = "大化たいか",
        label = "Taika"
    }
}

return eras