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National Astronomical Observatories of China

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National Astronomical Observatories, CAS
中国科学院ちゅうごくかがくいん国家こっか天文台てんもんだい
Zhōngguó Kēxuéyuàn Guójiā Tiānwéntái
Institute overview
Formed2001; 23 years ago (2001)
Headquarters20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China 100101
Institute executives
Parent instituteChinese Academy of Sciences
Websiteenglish.nao.cas.cn

The National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC, Chinese: 中国科学院ちゅうごくかがくいん国家こっか天文台てんもんだい; pinyin: Zhōngguó Kēxuéyuàn Guójiā Tiānwéntái) is an astronomical research institute operated by Chinese Academy of Sciences, along with Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Purple Mountain Observatory and National Time Service Center.

History and introduction

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Founded on April 25, 2001, NAOC was formed through the merging of four Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) observatories, three CAS observing stations and one CAS research centre.[1]

The Headquarters of the NAOC are situated in the northern Chaoyang District of Beijing on the site of the former Beijing Astronomical Observatory (BAO), and take responsibility for all matters relating to the former BAO.

Currently, NAOC has 7 astronomical research departments listed follows:

  • Optical Astronomy Research Department (光学こうがく天文てんもん研究けんきゅう部ぶ)
  • Radio Astronomy Research Department (射い电天文てんもん研究けんきゅう部ぶ)
  • Galactic Astronomy & Cosmology Research Department (星ほし系けい宇宙うちゅう学がく研究けんきゅう部ぶ)
  • Moon & Deep Space Detection Research Department (月つき球だま与あずか深ふか空むなし探さがせ测研究けんきゅう部ぶ)
  • Space Science Research Department (空そら间科学かがく研究けんきゅう部ぶ)
  • Solar Astrophysics Research Department (太ふとし阳物理ぶつり研究けんきゅう部ぶ)
  • Applied Astronomy Research Department (应用天文てんもん研究けんきゅう部ぶ)

Besides apparatus like 2.16m optical telescope and 50m radio telescope, NAOC also operates the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopy Telescope (LAMOST) and one of the largest radio observatory, the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). The future China Space Station Telescope (CSST) will also be operated by NAOC.[1]

Editorial departments of Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA) and China National Astronomy (中国ちゅうごく国家こっか天文てんもん) are located in NAOC.[2]

Subordinate units

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Direct subordinate units

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NAOC currently have 4 direct subordinate units, with 2 astronomical observatory, 1 artificial satellite observing station and 1 astronomical instrument developing institute.[3]

Observing stations

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[2]

Research highlights

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Fast radio bursts (FRBs)

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In 2019, FAST observation to fast radio burst (FRB) event FRB180301 reveals that the origin of FRBs should be inside the magnetosphere of designated object.[4] In 2020, another FRB event FRB200428, which was later confirmed to be originated from magnetar SGR J1935+2154,[5][6] was observed in detail by FAST team. Research suggests that a low correlation between FRBs and magnetar X-ray burst.[7]

Dark matter halo

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In 2020, NAOC and its collaborators performed a numerical simulation to dark matter halo between galaxies. This GADGET-4 simulation, with a dynamic range over 30 magnitudes, plotted a clear structure of dark matter haloes with mass ranging from earth-size to cosmological scale.[8] The simulation provides a detailed universe structure under L-CDM model.

International collaborations

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NAOC took part in a wide range of International collaborations, include Square Kilometre Array (SKA), Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), Herschel Space Observatory, and Beijing-Arizona Sky Survey (BASS), etc.[9] Meanwhile, several NAOC developing projects are also international collaborated, including FAST.

NAOC also started cooperation with futuristic projects like Einstein Probe (EP), CSST, etc.[9]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "单位简介----国家こっか天文台てんもんだい". www.nao.cas.cn. Retrieved 2021-08-10.
  2. ^ a b "机つくえ构设置おけ----国家こっか天文台てんもんだい". www.nao.cas.cn. Retrieved 2021-10-22.
  3. ^ "直属ちょくぞく单位----国家こっか天文台てんもんだい". www.nao.cas.cn. Retrieved 2021-08-10.
  4. ^ Luo, R.; Wang, B. J.; Men, Y. P.; Zhang, C. F.; Jiang, J. C.; Xu, H.; Wang, W. Y.; Lee, K. J.; Han, J. L.; Zhang, B.; Caballero, R. N. (October 2020). "Diverse polarization angle swings from a repeating fast radio burst source". Nature. 586 (7831): 693–696. arXiv:2011.00171. Bibcode:2020Natur.586..693L. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2827-2. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 33116290. S2CID 226045289.
  5. ^ Bochenek, C. D.; Ravi, V.; Belov, K. V.; Hallinan, G.; Kocz, J.; Kulkarni, S. R.; McKenna, D. L. (November 2020). "A fast radio burst associated with a Galactic magnetar". Nature. 587 (7832): 59–62. arXiv:2005.10828. Bibcode:2020Natur.587...59B. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2872-x. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 33149288. S2CID 218763265.
  6. ^ Li, C. K.; Lin, L.; Xiong, S. L.; Ge, M. Y.; Li, X. B.; Li, T. P.; Lu, F. J.; Zhang, S. N.; Tuo, Y. L.; Nang, Y.; Zhang, B. (April 2021). "HXMT Identification of a non-thermal X-ray burst from SGR J1935+2154 and with FRB 200428". Nature Astronomy. 5 (4): 378–384. arXiv:2005.11071. Bibcode:2021NatAs...5..378L. doi:10.1038/s41550-021-01302-6. ISSN 2397-3366. S2CID 234355300.
  7. ^ Lin, L.; Zhang, C. F.; Wang, P.; Gao, H.; Guan, X.; Han, J. L.; Jiang, J. C.; Jiang, P.; Lee, K. J.; Li, D.; Men, Y. P. (November 2020). "No pulsed radio emission during a bursting phase of a Galactic magnetar". Nature. 587 (7832): 63–65. arXiv:2005.11479. Bibcode:2020Natur.587...63L. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2839-y. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 33149293. S2CID 226260309.
  8. ^ Wang, J.; Bose, S.; Frenk, C. S.; Gao, L.; Jenkins, A.; Springel, V.; White, S. D. M. (September 2020). "Universal structure of dark matter haloes over a mass range of 20 orders of magnitude". Nature. 585 (7823): 39–42. arXiv:1911.09720. Bibcode:2020Natur.585...39W. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2642-9. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 32879500. S2CID 221476299.
  9. ^ a b "合作がっさく项目----国家こっか天文台てんもんだい". www.nao.cas.cn. Retrieved 2021-10-22.
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