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Ojarumaru

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Ojarumaru
Cover of the 2010 Ojarumaru calendar
おじゃるまる
GenreComedy, Fantasy,[1] Slice of life
Created byRin Inumaru
Anime television series
Directed byAkitaro Daichi
Music byHarukichi Yamamoto
StudioGallop
Licensed by
Original networkNHK Educational TV
Original run October 5, 1998 – present
Episodes2037[2][3][a] + 7 specials[b] (List of episodes)
Anime film
Ojarumaru the Movie: The Promised Summer - Ojaru and Semira
Directed byAkitaro Daichi
Produced byAtsushi Ito
Hisako Matsumoto
Written byReiko Yoshida
Music byHarukichi Yamamoto
StudioGallop
ReleasedJuly 15, 2000
Runtime47 minutes
Manga
Written byTatsuma Ejiri
Published byShueisha
MagazineSaikyo Jump
DemographicShōnen
Original runJanuary 2012September 2014
Volumes1 (List of volumes)

Ojarumaru (おじゃるまる)[c] is a Japanese anime series created by Rin Inumaru, produced by NHK Enterprises, and animated by Gallop.[5] The series has aired on NHK Educational TV since October 1998, making it the second longest-running anime on NHK behind Nintama Rantaro, and the third longest-running anime series to date. The series focuses on a 5-year-old Heian-era prince named Ojarumaru Sakanoue who accidentally time-warps to modern Japan and has adventures there while dodging a trio of young oni who try to get back a scepter that he stole from Great King Enma. The series has been dubbed in many languages.[6] It was the first NHK anime series to be animated using the digital ink-and-paint process instead of cel animation.[7]

It received an "Excellence Award" for animation at the 1999 Japan Media Arts Festival.[8]

Premise

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Around 1,000 years ago in Fairy World (妖精ようせいかい Yōsei-kai) in the Heian era,[d] a young prince from a noble family named Ojarumaru Sakanoue is bored of his life of privilege. He is later lured into Enma World (エンマかい Enma-kai) by the sound of a ukulele played by Great King Enma. Upon arriving, he steals Great King Enma's powerful scepter,[e] which he uses in order to judge the dead. While getting chased by Great King Enma, he accidentally falls into the Moon Hole (つきあな Tsuki no Ana), which time-warps him to modern Japan via the Full Moon Road (満月まんげつロード Mangetsu Rōdo). The furious Great King Enma sends his three adopted oni children, Aobei, Kisuke, and Akane, who are known as the "Little Child Trio" (おにトリオ Kooni Trio), to pursue Ojarumaru and get the scepter back. At the present time, Ojarumaru falls from the Moon to the roof of Sakata Apartment (坂田さかたマンション Sakata Manshon) where he befriends a boy named Kazuma Tamura and his grandfather Tommy. Fascinated with the prince, Tommy helps Kazuma convince his parents Ai and Makoto into letting Ojarumaru stay with the family, to which they accept. Denbo, Ojarumaru's anthropomorphic firefly caretaker who witnessed the latter falling into the Moon Hole, eventually finds and takes care of him at the request of his parents. While making many new friends and rivals, as well as dodging the Oni Child Trio's efforts to retrieve the scepter, Ojarumaru has many adventures in Moonlight Town (月光げっこうまち Gekkō-chō) and encounters new things he has never seen before in his time period.

Later episodes tend to center around other characters, including Princess Okame, Ojarumaru's young fiancé who desperately tries to win over his heart; Okorinbō and Nikorinbō, two anthropomorphic komainu who try numerous get-rich-quick methods in a bid to get their shinto shrine out of poverty; Ken, a freeter who keeps changing jobs; Kazuma's classmates, big eater Kintarō Sakata, beauty-obsessed Komachi Ono, and the judgmental but well-intentioned Kentarō Iwashimizu; Icchoku Honda, Kazuma's energetic homeroom teacher; the Hoshino Family, three aliens from another planet who want to invade Earth and have a strange aversion to Ojarumaru; and Sachiyo Usui, an eccentric manga artist who is notorious for her creepy, highly detailed drawings.

Some episodes place the characters in parodies of notable fairy tales, fables, novels, and TV shows from Japan and other countries. These include Momotarō,[10][11][12] Cinderella,[13] Ikkyū-san,[14] Journey to the West,[15] Columbo,[16] Peter Pan,[17] The Boy Who Cried Wolf,[18] Attack on Titan[19] and James Bond.[20]

Broadcast

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Seven television specials have aired on NHK E-Tele. The first special entitled Ojarumaru: Shiawase no Aoi Senaka (おじゃるまる しあわせのあおいせなか, Ojarumaru: A Happy Blue Back) aired on January 1, 2000. The second special entitled Ojarumaru: Mangetsu Rōdo Kiki Ippatsu ~Tama ni wa Maro mo Dai Bōken~ (おじゃるまる 満月まんげつロード危機一髪ききいっぱつ ~タマにはマロもだい冒険ぼうけん, Ojarumaru: Peril at the Full Moon Road ~A Rare Adventure of Our Prince~) aired on May 3, 2007. The third special entitled Ojarumaru Supesharu: Ginga ga Maro o Yonde iru ~Futari no Negai Boshi~ (おじゃるまるスペシャル 銀河ぎんががマロをんでいる ~ふたりのねがいぼし, Ojarumaru Special: My Galaxy is Calling ~The Two Wishing Stars~) aired on March 20, 2012. The fourth special entitled Ojarumaru Special: Wasureta Mori no Hinata (おじゃるまる スペシャル わすれたもりのヒナタ, Ojarumaru Special: Hinata in the Forgotten Forest) aired on August 14, 2015.[21] The fifth special entitled Ojarumaru Special: Saraba Mattari no Hibi yo (おじゃるまる スペシャル さらば まったりの日々ひび, Ojarumaru Special: Goodbye, Lazy Days) aired in 2 parts on November 1 and 2, 2017. The sixth special entitled Ojarumaru Special: Anime Janai de ojaru? (おじゃるまる スペシャル アニメでないでおじゃる?, Ojarumaru Special: It's Not an Anime?) aired on November 3, 2017.[22][23] The seventh special Heian-chō Onigami Kessen (ヘイアンチョウ鬼神きじん決戦けっせん) was scheduled to premiere on March 28, 2022,[24] and was later delayed to March 30 due to a high school baseball tournament preempting the special's initial 9:00 AM timeslot on March 28.[25]

The series has aired daily on Kids Station since November 5, 2018.[26]

Soundtrack

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Opening Themes

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No. Title[5] Series no.[5] Performer[5] Notes
1 Utahito (詠人よみびと) 1–10; 16-present Saburō Kitajima
2 Yumehito (ゆめじん) 11-15 Saburō Kitajima

Ending Themes

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No. Title[5] Series no.[5] Performer[5] Notes
1 Purin Sanka (プリン賛歌さんか, The Pudding Anthem) 1 SUS4
2 Purin de ojaru (プリンでおじゃる) 2 Ojarumaru (Hiroko Konishi), Kazuma (Yuriko Fuchizaki), Denbo (Rie Iwatsubo) A cover of Purin Sanka
3 Kooni Trio no Theme (おにトリオのテーマ, The Little Oni Trio's Theme) 3 Kooni Trio[f]
4 Koi o Itashi Mashou♪ (こいをいたしましょう♪, Let us Love♪) 4 Denbo
5 Acchi Muite Hoi de ojaru (あっちむいてホイでおじゃる) 5 Ojarumaru (Chinami Nishimura), Kazuma, Denbo, the Oni Child Trio
6 Kono Machi Itsumo 〜Bin-chan no Uta〜 (このまちいつも〜ひんちゃんのうた, Always in this Town 〜Poverty-chan's Song〜) 6 Bin-chan (Ayaka Saitō)
7 Warera Gekkō-chō Chicchai Mono Club (われら月光げっこうまちちっちゃいものクラブ, Our Moonlight Town Tiny Things Club) 7 Moonlight Town Tiny Things Club[g]
8 Gekkō-chō no Uta (月光げっこうまちのうた, Moonlight Town's Song) 8 Ojarumaru, Kisuke
9 Denbo no Bunbun Fushi (でんボのブンブンぶし, Denbo's Buzzing Melody) 9 Denbo (Narumi Satō), Ojarumaru, Kazuma
10 Sankyukkyu Dancing (さんきゅっきゅダンシング) 10 Natsumi
11 Bokura no Sekai (ぼくらの世界せかい, Our World) 11 Reiko Mizumachi
12 Ojarumaru Kyōsō Kyoku (おじゃるまる狂騒きょうそうきょく, The Ojarumaru Prosperous Song) 12 Kumiko Mori
13 Katatsumuri (かたつむり, Snails) 13 Manami Oku[h]
14 Hatsukoi wa Minora Nai (初恋はつこいみのらない, Not My First Love) 14 Ojarumaru Sisters
15 Maro no Sanpo (マロのさんぽ, My Walk) 15, 16 Chopiiin (15th series); Ojarumaru, Kazuma, Denbo (16th series)
16 Da!Da!!Da!!! 17 The Collectors
17 Wakaran (わからん, I Don't Know) 18 Zainichi Funk
18 Mihatenu Yume (見果みはてぬゆめ, An Unfinished Dream) 19 Ojamens[i]
19 Purin Sanka ~20th à la mode edition (プリン賛歌さんか ~20th à la mode edition, The Pudding Anthem ~20th à la mode edition) 20 TWEEDEES A cover of Purin Sanka
20 Kono Michi Ashita e (このみち 明日あした) 21 Ken
21 Yada na~ Ii na~ (やだな~ いいな~) 22 Great King Enma (Tetsuo Komura), Bin-chan
22 Yume no Yume (ゆめゆめ, Dream in a Dream)[28] 23 Crazy Ken Band
23 Oja Fuwa Babyun (おじゃフワバビュン)[29] 24 Fuwa-chan, Team Ojarumaru
24 Ito Okashi (いとをかし)[30][31] 25 Ringo Sheena
25 Sennen Traveler (せんねんトラベラー, Thousand-Year Traveler)[32] 26 Ikusaburo Yamazaki
26 Maru (まる)[33] 27 Shizuka Kudo

Other media

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Manga

[edit]

A manga adaptation of the anime series, written and illustrated by Tatsuma Ejiri, was serialized in Shueisha's Saikyo Jump magazine from January 2012 to September 2014. The first and only tankōbon volume, which compiles select stories from the Saikyo Jump serialization, was published in Japan on July 4, 2014.[34]

No. Release date ISBN
1 July 4, 20144088801474
  • 1. "I am Ojarumaru" (マロがおじゃるまるでおじゃる, "Maro ga Ojarumaru de ojaru")
  • 2. "My Ojaru Livelihood" (マロのおじゃる生活せいかつでおじゃる, "Maro no Ojaru Seikatsu de ojaru")
  • 3. "Sightseeing Moonlight Town" (月光げっこうまち観光かんこうするでおじゃる, "Gekkō Chō Kankō Suru de ojaru")
  • 4. "I'm Homesick" (ホームシックでおじゃる, "Hōmushikku de ojaru")
  • 5. "I Hate Baths and Water" (風呂ふろみずはイヤでおじゃる, "Furo ya Mizu wa Iya de ojaru")
  • 6. "Kin-chan is a Dinosaur Mania" (きむちゃんは恐竜きょうりゅうマニア, "Kin-chan wa Kyōryū Mania")
  • 7. "My Cap is a Treasure Chest (マロのエボシはたからばこ, "Maro no Eboshi wa Takarabako")
  • 8. "Kazuma Likes Rocks Very Much" (カズマはとってもいしがすき, "Kazuma wa Tottemo Ishi ga Suki")
  • 9. "Crazy for Komachi-chan" (小町こまちちゃんにメロリンコ, "Komachi-chan ni Merorinko")
  • 10. "Iwashimizu-kun is Always Correct" (いつもただしいいし清水しみずくん, "Itsumo Tadashii Iwashimizu-kun")
  • 11. "Grandpa Tommy's Great Discovery" (トミーじいだい発見はっけん, "Tomī-jī no Daihakken")
  • 12. "Kazuma, Afraid of Rocks (カズマ、いしをこわがる, "Kazuma, Ishi o Kowagaru")
  • Special Bonus: "Cafe Oko-Niko" (カフェ オコニコ, "Kafe Oko-Niko")

Video games

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Title Developer Publisher Platform Release date Source
Ojarumaru (おじゃるまる) Bandai Bandai Sega Pico 1999
Ojarumaru 〜Mangan Jinja no Ennichi de ojaru!〜 (おじゃるまる満願まんがん神社じんじゃ縁日えんにちでごじゃる!〜) MTO MTO Game Boy Color June 30, 2000 [35]
Ojarumaru 〜Tsukiyo ga Ike no Takaramono〜 (おじゃるまる月夜つきよいけのたからもの〜) Success Success Game Boy Color July 14, 2000 [36]
Typing Ojarumaru (タイピング おじゃるまる) Interchannel Interchannel Windows 95/98/Me/XP 2001 [37]
Ojarumaru: Kazu Asobi (おじゃるまる かずあそび) E Frontier E Frontier Windows 95/98/2000/Me/XP, Classic Mac OS, macOS 2002
Ojarumaru: Moji Asobi (おじゃるまる もじあそび) E Frontier E Frontier Windows 95/98/2000/Me/XP, Classic Mac OS, macOS 2002 [38]
Ojarumaru: Pasokon Yarou yo! Mouse de Jigsaw Puzzle (おじゃるまる パソコンやろうよ! マウスでジグソーパズル) Dorasu Dorasu Windows 95/98/2000/Me [39]
Ojarumaru: Gekkō-chō Sanpo de ojaru (おじゃるまる 月光げっこうまち 散歩さんぽでおじゃる) MTO MTO Game Boy Advance September 5, 2003 [40]
Ojarumaru: DS Ojaru to Okeiko Aiueo (おじゃるまる DS おじゃるとおけいこ あいうえお) D3 Publisher D3 Publisher Nintendo DS December 20, 2007 [41]
Ojarumaru: Kaikai! Enma-Kai (おじゃるまる かい々!エンマかい) Metro Metro au [42]
Ojarumaru: Gattai no Oni (おじゃるまる がったいのオニ) Metro Metro au [43]
Ojarumaru: Ojarumaru Tennis (おじゃるまる おじゃるまるテニス) Metro Metro au [44]
Ojarumaru: Eboshi Collection (おじゃるまる エボシコレクション) Metro Metro au [44]
Ojarumaru: Ojarumaru no Hover Race (おじゃるまる おじゃるまるのホバーレース) Metro Metro au [45]
Ojarumaru: Chicchai Golf (おじゃるまる ちっちゃいゴルフ) Metro Metro au [46]
Ojarumaru: Nige tetamo (おじゃるまる にげてたも) Metro Metro au [46]
Ojarumaru: Logic Puzzle (おじゃるまる ロジックパズル) Metro Metro au [47]
Ojarumaru: Shutsudō! Chicchai Mono Club (おじゃるまる 出動しゅつどう!ちっちゃいものクラブ) Metro Metro au [48]
Akihabara Ojaru de Kankō (秋葉原あきはばらおじゃるde観光かんこう) Akihabara TMO,INC. Akihabara TMO,INC. iOS, Android 2011 [49]

See also

[edit]

Notes

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  1. ^ The episodes are split up into 26 "series"
  2. ^ As of December 6, 2023
  3. ^ Known officially in English as Prince Mackaroo.[4]
  4. ^ Officially written in katakana as ヘイアンチョウ (Heian-chō)[9]
  5. ^ Officially written in katakana as シャク (Shaku)[9]
  6. ^ Consists of Aobei (Kazuya Ichijou), Akane (Omi Minami), and Kisuke (Yūji Ueda)
  7. ^ Consists of Denbo (Rie Iwatsubo), Kame and Tome (Satomi Kōrogi), Katapi (Ryō Naitō), Ojarumaru (Chinami Nishimura), and Bin-chan (Ayaka Saitō)
  8. ^ Credited as Manami Ogu
  9. ^ Consists of Kanchō (Kenjirō Tsuda), Kanbutsu (Eiji Takemoto), Ken (Yūsuke Numata), Kawakami (Norihisa Mori), and Hoshino (Yuko Sanpei)[27]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "教育きょういく番組ばんぐみから名作めいさくアニメまで【こども番組ばんぐみ特集とくしゅう】[From Educational Programs to Masterpiece Animation - Featured Children's Programs]" (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved October 31, 2022.
  2. ^ "おじゃるまる これまでのおはなし [Ojarumaru: The story up to now]" (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
  3. ^ "エピソード - アニメおじゃるまる [Episodes - Anime Ojarumaru]". NHK (in Japanese). Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  4. ^ "Prince Mackaroo". Enoki Films. Retrieved 2019-08-26.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g "おじゃるまる スタッフ&キャスト" (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
  6. ^ Spanish, Italian, Arabic, Chinese, Hindi, Tagalog, Thai, Cantonese, Korean, and Malay
  7. ^ "おじゃるまる NHK放送ほうそう (動画どうが記事きじ) [Ojarumaru - NHK Broadcasting History (Video and Article)]" (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved October 31, 2022.
  8. ^ "1999 Japan Media Arts Festival Awards". Japan Media Arts Plaza, Agency for Cultural Affairs. Archived from the original on October 18, 2007. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
  9. ^ a b "おじゃるまる ものがたり" (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
  10. ^ Ojarumaru 1st series episode 68 "Ojaru Oni ga Yama e Iku" (おじゃる おにしまく)
  11. ^ Ojarumaru 3rd series episode 5 "Momoman" (モモマン)
  12. ^ Ojarumaru 7th series episode 86 "Momoman 2" (モモマン2)
  13. ^ Ojarumaru 2nd series episode 18 "Ojaderella" (おじゃデレラ)
  14. ^ Ojarumaru 10th series episode 13 "Ojakkyū-san" (おじゃきゅうさん)
  15. ^ Ojarumaru 10th series episode 63 "Ojagoku" (おじゃごくう)
  16. ^ Ojarumaru 10th series episode 28 "Keiji Ojarumbo" (刑事けいじおじゃるンボ)
  17. ^ Ojarumaru 15th series episode 75 "Ojater Pan" (おじゃターパン)
  18. ^ Ojarumaru 18th series episode 38 "Ookami Shonen Ojarumaru" (おおかみ少年しょうねんおじゃる "Wolf Boy Ojarumaru")
  19. ^ Ojarumaru 21st series episode 21 "Shingeki no Maro" (進撃しんげきのマロ)
  20. ^ Ojarumaru 21st series episode 32 "Makomako 7" (マコマコ7)
  21. ^ "アニメワールド+BLOG:NHK おじゃるまる 8/14(かね)『おじゃるまるスペシャル』放送ほうそう決定けってい!" (in Japanese). NHK. July 10, 2014. Retrieved July 13, 2015.
  22. ^ "Ojarumaru Anime Gets Live-Action Special in November". Anime News Network. September 21, 2017. Retrieved September 19, 2019.
  23. ^ "おじゃるまる20ねんスペシャル さい放送ほうそう決定けってい!" (in Japanese). NHK. November 15, 2017. Retrieved September 19, 2019.
  24. ^ Hodgkins, Crystalyn (March 11, 2022). "Ojarumaru Anime Gets New Special on March 28 for 25th Anniversary". Anime News Network. Retrieved June 17, 2022.
  25. ^ @nhk_animeworld (March 25, 2022). 放送ほうそう日時にちじ変更へんこうのおらせ】本日ほんじつ高校こうこう野球やきゅう順延じゅんえんともない「おじゃるまる25ねんSP」の放送ほうそう日時にちじ変更へんこうまりました。Eテレ30(水)すい午前ごぜん3:07※火曜かよう深夜しんや残念ざんねんながら深夜しんやです…!番組ばんぐみひょう反映はんえいされたらぜひ録画ろくがを。4月にさい放送ほうそう検討けんとうちゅうです。28(月)げつはEテレで高校こうこう野球やきゅう中継ちゅうけいします。ご理解りかい・ご了承りょうしょうください。 (Tweet) (in Japanese). Retrieved June 17, 2022 – via Twitter.
  26. ^ @kids_station (October 12, 2018). 11月の番組ばんぐみひょうは... 実写じっしゃスピンオフとともにキッズはつ放送ほうそう!おじゃるまる☆ あの大人気だいにんきポケモンをたっぷり堪能たんのう!ピカチュウ&イーブイ特集とくしゅう投票とうひょうによって放送ほうそうはなしすう決定けってい!イナズマイレブン 今日きょう格言かくげんスペシャル☆ (Tweet) (in Japanese). Retrieved September 3, 2022 – via Twitter.
  27. ^ "19シリーズ エンディングテーマ [19th Series Ending Theme]". NHK. Retrieved August 17, 2022.
  28. ^ "「おじゃるまるだい23シリーズ しんEDきょくはクレイジーケンバンドのみなさん!&キービジュアル公開こうかい!". NHK (in Japanese). March 26, 2020. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
  29. ^ "「おじゃるまるしんEDはフワちゃん&チームおじゃるまるうたう「おじゃフワバビュン」に決定けってい!". NHK. March 23, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  30. ^ "「おじゃるまるだい25シリーズのEDテーマは椎名しいな林檎りんご「いとをかし」に決定けってい!" (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
  31. ^ Mateo, Alex (March 25, 2022). "Ringo Sheena Performs Ending Theme Song for Ojarumaru Anime's 25th Series". Anime News Network. Retrieved June 17, 2022.
  32. ^ "「おじゃるまるだい26シリーズEDテーマは 山崎やまざきいく三郎さぶろうせんねんトラベラー」! キービジュアルを解禁かいきん![The "Ojarumaru" 26th series ending theme is "Thousand-Year Traveler" by Ikusaburo Yamazaki! Key visual unveiled!]". NHK (in Japanese). March 21, 2023. Retrieved May 26, 2024.
  33. ^ "「おじゃるまるだい27シリーズのエンディングテーマは工藤くどう静香しずかまる(まる)」に決定けってい![The "Ojarumaru" 27th series ending theme has been confirmed to be "Maru" by Shizuka Kudo!]". NHK (in Japanese). March 25, 2024. Retrieved May 26, 2024.
  34. ^ おじゃるまる 1 (in Japanese). S-MANGA.net. Archived from the original on August 10, 2016. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
  35. ^ "おじゃるまる満願まんがん神社じんじゃ縁日えんにちでおじゃる! (ゲームボーイ)" (in Japanese). Famitsu. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
  36. ^ "おじゃるまる月夜つきよいけのたからもの〜 (ゲームボーイ)" (in Japanese). Famitsu. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
  37. ^ Kyoji Nakamura (March 7, 2001). "NECインターチャネルのPC新作しんさくタイトル4ほん一気いっきレビュー" (in Japanese). GAME Watch. Retrieved September 26, 2001.
  38. ^ Yuri Kaneko (May 20, 2004). "【キッズソフト】おじゃるまる一緒いっしょ文字もじあそぼう! おじゃるまる もじあそび [子供こどもとインターネット]" (in Japanese). All About. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
  39. ^ "おじゃるまる" (in Japanese). Dorasu. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
  40. ^ "おじゃるまる 月光げっこうまち 散歩さんぽでおじゃる". MTO. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
  41. ^ "おじゃるまる -DS おじゃるとおけいこ あいうえお-" (in Japanese). Retrieved September 26, 2019.
  42. ^ "NHKキャラクターGames" (in Japanese). Metro-games.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
  43. ^ "NHKキャラクターGames" (in Japanese). Metro-games.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
  44. ^ a b "NHKキャラクターGames" (in Japanese). Metro-games.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
  45. ^ "NHKキャラクターGames" (in Japanese). Metro-games.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
  46. ^ a b "NHKキャラクターGames" (in Japanese). Metro-games.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
  47. ^ "NHKキャラクターGames" (in Japanese). Metro-games.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
  48. ^ "NHKキャラクターGames" (in Japanese). Metro-games.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
  49. ^ "秋葉原あきはばらのまち情報じょうほうサイト 秋葉原あきはばらエリアプロモーションサービス 秋葉原あきはばらおじゃるde観光かんこう" (in Japanese). Akihabara TMO,INC. Archived from the original on February 20, 2012. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
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