Queen Wonseong

Regnal name
	Primary Lady Yeongyeong (Korean: 연경원주; Hanja: 延のべ慶けい院主いんじゅ; from 1016); Princess Yeongyeong (Korean: 연경궁주; Hanja: 延のべ慶けい宮みや主ぬし; from 1018);
Posthumous name
	Grand Queen Mother Wonseong Yongui Gonghye Yeongmok Yangdeok Sinjeol Sunseong Jaseong Gwangseon; 원성용의공혜영목양덕신절순성자성광선왕태후; (元成もとなり容よう懿恭惠めぐみ英えい穆きよし良德よしとく信しん節ぶし順じゅん聖せい慈聖廣宣ひろのぶ王おう太ふとし后きさき)

Queen Wonseong
원성왕후
Queen Wonseong; 원성왕후
Grand Queen Mother Wonseong; (원성왕태후; 元成もとなり王おう太ふとし后きさき)
Queen consort of Goryeo
Tenure	1022 – 15 August 1028
Coronation	1022
Predecessor	Queen Wonhwa
Successor	Royal Consort Gyeongmok
Born	995; Jangsang-dong, Sangrok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi Province, Goryeo
Died	15 August 1028 (aged 33); Goryeo
Burial	Myeongneung tomb
Spouse	Hyeonjong of Goryeo (m. 1011⁠–⁠1028)
Issue	Deokjong of Goryeo; Jeongjong of Goryeo; Queen Inpyeong; Princess Gyeongsuk
Regnal name
Regnal name
	Primary Lady Yeongyeong (Korean: 연경원주; Hanja: 延のべ慶けい院主いんじゅ; from 1016); Princess Yeongyeong (Korean: 연경궁주; Hanja: 延のべ慶けい宮みや主ぬし; from 1018);
Posthumous name
	Grand Queen Mother Wonseong Yongui Gonghye Yeongmok Yangdeok Sinjeol Sunseong Jaseong Gwangseon; 원성용의공혜영목양덕신절순성자성광선왕태후; (元成もとなり容よう懿恭惠めぐみ英えい穆きよし良德よしとく信しん節ぶし順じゅん聖せい慈聖廣宣ひろのぶ王おう太ふとし后きさき)
House	Ansan Kim clan
Father	Kim Un-bu
Mother	Lady Yi, of the Gyeongwon Yi clan
Religion	Buddhism

Queen Wonseong of the Ansan Kim clan (Korean: 원성왕후 김씨; Hanja: 元もと成なり王おう后きさき金きん氏し; 995 — 15 August 1028^[2]) or formally called as Grand Queen Mother Wonseong (Korean: 원성왕태후; Hanja: 元成もとなり王おう太ふとし后きさき) was a Korean queen consort as the 3rd wife of King Hyeonjong of Goryeo^[1] who became the mother of his successors, Deokjong and Jeongjong.

She was born into the Ansan Kim clan as the eldest daughter of Kim Unbu and Lady Yi, daughter of Yi Hogyom (이허겸) from the Gyeongwon Yi clan. Kim Unbu was an influential royal court favorite and official.^[3] In 1010, King Hyeonjong who had fled to Naju, Jeolla Province due to the Khitan's invasion, stayed overnight in Gongju, South Chungcheong Province at Kim Unbu's house and Kim welcomed him with made his eldest daughter serve Hyeonjong comfortably. It was said too that Lady Kim made and dedicated clothes to Hyeonjong own. After this, Unbu's two other daughters also married to Hyeonjong.

According to Goryeosa, she firstly entered the palace in 1011 and was honoured as Primary Lady Yeongyeong (연경원주; 延のべ慶けい院主いんじゅ) not long after bearing her eldest son, Wang Heum in 1016. Then, she was given the "Yeongyeong Palace" (연경궁; 延のべ慶けい宮みや) and became Princess Yeongyeong (연경궁주; 延のべ慶けい宮みや主ぬし) after bearing her second son, Wang Hyeong in 1018. Beside Heum and Hyeong, she also had two other daughters from Hyeonjong. In 1022, she formally became a Queen consort and in 1027 stayed in "Janggyeong Palace" (장경궁; 長慶ちょうけい宮みや). However, she eventually died a year later and was buried in Myeongneung tomb (명릉; 明あかり陵りょう); she was later enshrined in her husband's shrine.

Family

Father: Kim Un-bu (d. 11 June 1017)
- Grandfather: Kim Kŭng-pil (김긍필; 金きむ兢弼)
  - 1st Older brother: Kim Chung-chan (김충찬, 金きむ忠ただし贊さん; d. July 1036)
  - 2nd Older brother: Kim Nan-won (김난원, 金かね爛ただれ圓えん; 1055–1101)
  - 1st Younger sister: Queen Wonhye (d. 1022)
  - 2nd Younger sister: Queen Wonpyeong (d. 1028)
Mother: Grand Lady of Ansan County of the Gyeongwon Yi clan (안산군대부인 인천 이씨); formally called as "Grand Lady of the Anhyo State" (안효국대부인; 安孝やすたか國大こくだい夫人ふじん)^[4]
- Grandfather: Yi Ho-gyom (이허겸; 李り許もと謙けん) – the founder of the Gyeongwon Yi clan.
- Grandmother: Grand Lady of Ansan County of the Gyeongju Kim clan (안산군대부인 경주 김씨)
Husband: King Hyeonjong of Goryeo (992–1031)
- 1st son: King Deokjong of Goryeo (1016–1034)
- 2nd son: King Jeongjong of Goryeo (1018–1046)
- 1st daughter: Queen Inpyeong
- 2nd daughter: Princess Gyeongsuk (경숙공주)

Posthumous name

After King Deokjong's ascension to the throne in 1031, he honoured his late mother as Grand Queen Mother (왕태후; 王おう太ふとし后きさき) and gave her a posthumous name as Yong-ui (용의; 容よう懿) and Gong-hye (공혜; 恭きょう惠めぐみ).
In October 1056 (10th year reign of King Munjong), name Yeong-mok (영목; 英えい穆きよし); Yang-deok (양덕; 良德よしとく); Sin-jeol (신절; 信しん節ぶし); and Sun-seong (순성; 順じゅん聖きよし) was added.
In April 1140 (18th year reign of King Injong), name Ja-seong (자성; 慈聖) was added.
In October 1253 (40th year reign of King Gojong), name Gwang-seon (광선; 廣宣ひろのぶ) was added to her posthumous name too.

^[5]^[6]

In popular culture

Portrayed by Jung Han-bi in the 2009 KBS2 TV series Empress Cheonchu.
Portrayed by Ha Seung-ri in the 2023–2024 KBS2 TV series Korea-Khitan War.

References

^ ^a ^b Young-kyoo, Park (2000). 한권으로읽는고려왕조실록 [Annals of the Goryeo Dynasty in one volume] (in Korean). University of Michigan: Deullyeok. pp. 197, 216, 224. ISBN 9788975271540. Retrieved June 25, 2021.
^ In the Korean calendar (lunar), she died on 22nd day 7th month 1028.
^ "김은부". Goryeosa (in Chinese). Retrieved June 25, 2021.
^ Kim Ki-duk (1995). "국대부인(國大こくだい夫人ふじん)". Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Retrieved July 3, 2021.
^ "고려시대 史料しりょう Database". db.history.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved June 25, 2021.
^ "고려시대 史料しりょう Database". db.history.go.kr (in Chinese). Retrieved June 25, 2021.

External links

Queen Wonseong on the Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean).
Queen Wonseong on Digital Ansan Cultural Exhibition (in Korean).
원성태후 on Doosan Encyclopedia (in Korean).
Eckert, Lee, Lew, Robinson and Wagner, Korea Old and New: A History, Harvard University Press, 1990. ISBN 0-9627713-0-9

[Queen_Wonseong-1] Young-kyoo, Park (2000). 한권으로읽는고려왕조실록 [Annals of the Goryeo Dynasty in one volume] (in Korean). University of Michigan: Deullyeok. pp. 197, 216, 224. ISBN 9788975271540. Retrieved June 25, 2021.

[2] In the Korean calendar (lunar), she died on 22nd day 7th month 1028.

[3] "김은부". Goryeosa (in Chinese). Retrieved June 25, 2021.

[4] Kim Ki-duk (1995). "국대부인(國大こくだい夫人ふじん)". Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Retrieved July 3, 2021.

[5] "고려시대 史料しりょう Database". db.history.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved June 25, 2021.

[6] "고려시대 史料しりょう Database". db.history.go.kr (in Chinese). Retrieved June 25, 2021.

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