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'{{POV|date=July 2009}} {{Refimprove|date=October 2009}} {{For|the village in Scotlland|Ardoyne, Aberdeenshire}} KAH UP THE SKEE HEADS '''Ardoyne''' or '''the Ardoyne''' ({{derive|Irish|Ard Eoin|Eoin's height}}) is an [[Irish nationalist]] and [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholic]] district in north [[Belfast]], [[Northern Ireland]]. It gained notoriety due to the large number of incidents during "[[The Troubles]]". It is home to approximately 20,000 inhabitants. Ardoyne is also famed as the birth-place of the [[President of Ireland]], [[Mary McAleese]] née Lenaghan. [[Image:Gaelic~1.jpg|thumb|Ardoyne mural Gaelic games]] Republican paramilitary organisations have had a major influence in the area from the start of [[The Troubles]] in 1969. The rise in popularity of the [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] led to more police raids in the area, usually supported by the Army. [[Internment]] (imprisonment without trial) affected many in Ardoyne. Over the years after 1969, Provisional IRA membership in the area grew, so much so that it became one of the "no-go" areas listed by the RUC and Army, due to rising security risks and casualties suffered by the armed forces upon entering the district. ==The Troubles== ===1979=== *5 January - Two members of the [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]], Francis Donnelly (24) and Lawrence Montgomery (24), were killed in Northwick Drive, Ardoyne, when the car bomb they were transporting exploded prematurely.<ref>{{cite web | title=Sutton Index of Deaths - 1979| work=Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN)| url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/cgi-bin/dyndeaths.pl?querytype=date&day=05&month=01&year=1979| accessdate=29 January 2010}}</ref> ==Crumlin Road== Violence often occurs on the Crumlin Road during the [[Orange Institution|Orange Order's]] marching season. The road is an "[[interface area]]", where nationalist and [[Unionist (Ireland)|unionist]] communities meet. The local nationalist community oppose what they see as a triumphalist parade through their area, while marchers state their right to "walk the Queen's highway", along their traditional route. The [[Parades Commission]] usually allows the march to take place. One particular cause of conflict is that, in the past, marchers have carried flags depicting [[Ulster Volunteer Force]] and [[Ulster Defence Association]] (paramilitary terrorist organisations) banners and played [[Ulster Loyalist|loyalist]] songs. Another issue has been the presence and role of informal supporters following the march. The 2006 march agreement however determined that 'supporters' would not be allowed to march. Since there are only two exits from the estate, residents on the opposite side of the Crumlin Road (Mountainview) are barricaded into their street by the police and Army for several hours throughout the day: in the morning when the march goes by; and in the evening when it returns. Local residents believe this to be a breach of their human rights. The [[Police Ombudsman]] concurs with this assessment but is of the opinion that the barriers are necessary for security reasons [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/5156544.stm]. Unionists have highlighted the part republican organizations have played in protests including prominent convicted IRA men such as [[Sean Kelly (IRA bomber)|Sean Kelly]] who was arrested after violent protests during a parade. Despite the local community group, the Ardoyne Parades Dialogue Group, and representatives of the march, the North and West Belfast Parades Forum, reaching an accommodation which imposed conditions on the march, golf balls and stones were thrown by protesters being kept back by stewards. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/5089416.stm]. ==Holy Cross dispute== {{main|Holy Cross dispute}} In 2001, increased incidents of violence were experienced associated with protests which saw children of the Holy Cross Girls' School, some as young as four years of age, denied access to one of the two entrances to their school which was located in the Protestant area at the top of the Ardoyne Road (Glenbryn). ==Ardoyne's murals== Belfast is filled with areas depicting many murals of various topics, most often about the paramilitary connections of the area which they appear in. Whilst Ardoyne has some murals of this type, it mainly has murals to depict history, Irish traditions and important dates in Irish history, such as the 1916 [[Easter Rising]] and the [[Irish Potato Famine (1845-1849)|Irish famine]]. Paramilitary banners often depict the [[1981 Irish hunger strike]], when ten Republican prisoners died from starvation during a protest to demand political status. ==Ardoyne today== Today Ardoyne has a local [[Gaelic Athletic Association|GAA]] sports club and is home to the annual "Ard Eoin Fleadh Cheoil" (Ardoyne Music Festival). The festival attracts some of the most famous [[Folk music of Ireland|Irish]] musical acts, including the [[Wolfe Tones]]. ==Ardoyne in popular culture== Ardoyne is the setting in which [[Anna Burns]]' novel ''No Bones'' takes place. In this novel she describes a girl growing up in Ardoyne during the Troubles.<ref>Anna Burns: ''No Bones'', 2001</ref> ==See also== *[[The Night We Burned Ardoyne]] == References == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Geography of Belfast]] [[fr:Ardoyne]] [[sv:Ardoyne]]'