User:Gochicago091899/Okjökull
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[edit]Okjökull (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈɔkˌjœːkʏtl̥], Ok glacier) was a glacier in western Iceland on top of the shield volcano Ok.[1]
Ok is located northeast of Reykjavík. The glacier was declared dead in 2014 by glaciologist Oddur Sigurðsson. In 2018, anthropologists Cymene Howe and Dominic Boyer of Rice University filmed a documentary about its loss, Not Ok, and proposed a commemorative plaque.[1][2][3] The plaque was installed on August 18, 2019,[4] with an inscription written by Andri Snær Magnason, titled "A letter to the future", in Icelandic and English. The English version reads:[2][5]
A letter to the future
Ok is the first Icelandic glacier to lose its status as a glacier.
In the next 200 years all our glaciers are expected to follow the same path.
This monument is to acknowledge that we know
what is happening and what needs to be done.
Only you know if we did it.
At the end is the global atmospheric carbon dioxide reading for that month: 415 ppm. The ceremony was attended by Katrín Jakobsdóttir, the Prime Minister of Iceland; Guðmundur Ingi Guðbrandsson, the Environment Minister; and Mary Robinson, the former President of Ireland.[2] The placement of the plaque is intended to raise awareness of the decline of Iceland's glaciers due to global warming.[2][6] Prior to the ceremony, NASA Earth Observatory tweeted images of Okjökull in 1986 and 2019.[3]
The Okjökull memorial plaque can be found at the coordinates, N 64°35.498' W 020°52.253' at an elevation of 1,114 meters.
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[edit]Glacier Death
[edit]Name Change
[edit]Geologists estimate that Okjokull covered about 6 square miles in the late 1800s[7], but slowly shrunk until it officially lost its glacier status in 2014. When it "died", the 800 year old[7] glacier's name was changed from Okjokull to Ok. “Jokull” means glacier in Icelandic[8], so this suffix was removed accordingly. Okjokull was pronounced dead in part due to its decrease in area, but also due to its inability to flow;[9] a body of ice must be able to move to be defined as a glacier.[10]
Funeral
[edit]A documentary called “Not Ok” was published by Rice University anthropologists four years after its death in 2018[7]. This documentary brought publicity to Iceland’s first climate change-induced glacier death[11]. In 2019, roughly one hundred people held a funeral for Okjokull; Iceland’s prime minister, Katrin Jakobsdottir, was among the attendees[7].
At the funeral, one high school student read a poem and a commemorative plaque, titled "A letter to the future,"[12] was placed on a boulder.[7] This plaque is the only one commemorating a glacier lost to climate change.[12] The plaque warned future readers that all of Iceland's glaciers would soon "follow the same path" as Okjokull. Iceland's glacial mass is predicted to shrink by a third by 2100.[13]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Hu, Jane C. (July 4, 2019). "How Can You Tell When a Glacier Is Dead?". Slate Magazine. Retrieved July 24, 2019.
- ^ a b c d Luckhurst, Toby (August 18, 2019). "Iceland's Okjokull glacier commemorated with plaque". BBC News.
- ^ a b Hallgerður Kolbrún E. Jónsdóttir (August 13, 2019). "Nasa birtir myndir af hverfandi ísbreiðu Oks". Vísir (in Icelandic).
- ^ Arnar Þór Ingólfsson (August 18, 2019). "Okkjökull kvaddur með viðhöfn". Morgunblaðið (in Icelandic).
- ^ Osborne, Hannah (July 23, 2019). "Iceland Is About to Hold a Memorial for Its First Glacier Lost to Climate Change". Newsweek. Retrieved July 24, 2019.
- ^ Rice, Doyle (July 23, 2019). "'Killed' by climate change: Iceland to erect memorial to lost glacier". USA Today. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
- ^ a b c d e "The last of ice; Okjokull". The Economist. 432 (9161). September 21, 2019.
- ^ Akdemir, Mary (September 2019). "Ice, Abolished". Nation. 309 (5): 6.
- ^ "Okjökull Remembered". earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 2019-08-09. Retrieved 2022-10-03.
- ^ "Iceland to Commemorate the Demise of Okjökull Glacier". State of the Planet. 2019-08-01. Retrieved 2022-10-03.
- ^ McKenna, Cara (August 18, 2021). "FUNERAL HELD FOR ICELAND'S OKJOKULL GLACIER; MOMENT IN TIME". The Globe and Mail.
- ^ a b Richard, Jeremie. "Iceland commemorates first glacier lost to climate change". phys.org. Retrieved 2022-10-03.
- ^ "EarthSky | Blue Blob has slowed Iceland's ice melt, for now". earthsky.org. 2022-02-17. Retrieved 2022-10-03.