User:Nussun05/List of largest known stars

Lists

These lists adopt the Rosseland radius, the radius where the optical depth $\tau =2/3$ .

Because of large error bars, many stars have the possibility of being the largest. Any star with an upper bound larger than the largest lower bound could be the largest known star.

Milky Way

List of the largest known stars in the Milky Way
Star name	Solar radii (Sun = 1)	Lower bound	Upper bound	Method^[a]
RSGC1-F01	1,529 ± 365^[1]	1,165	1,895	L/T_eff
RSGC1-F04	1,422 ± 337^[1]	1,085	1,759	L/T_eff
VY Canis Majoris	1,420±120^[2]	1,300	1,540	AD
AH Scorpii	1,411±124^[3]	1,287	1,535	AD
RSGC1-F06	1,382 ± 330^[1]	1,051	1,713	L/T_eff
Stephenson 2 DFK 2	1,301 ± 285^[1]	1,016	1,586	L/T_eff
Stephenson 2 DFK 49	1,300 ± 283^[1]	1,017	1,583	L/T_eff
RSGC1-F10	1,246 ± 292^[1]	954	1,538	L/T_eff
IRC -10414	~1,200^[4]			L/T_eff
RSGC1-F05	1,185 ± 281^[1]	904	1,466	L/T_eff
IRAS 18111-2257	~1,150–1,437^[5]	1,150	1,437	L/T_eff
RSGC1-F08	1,149 ± 259^[1]	891	1,409	L/T_eff
RSGC1-F02	1,128 ± 262^[1]	866	1,390	L/T_eff
RT Carinae	1,090±218^[6]	872	1,308	L/T_eff
U Lacertae	1,081^[7]			L/T_eff
V396 Centauri	1,070±214^[6]	856	1,284	L/T_eff
CK Carinae	1,060±212^[6]	848	1,272	L/T_eff
HaroChavira 1	1,058^[8]			L/T_eff
V602 Carinae	1,050±165^[9]	885	1,215	AD
RSGC1-F11	1,031 ± 232^[1]	800	1,264	L/T_eff
RSGC1-F13	1,017 ± 245^[1]	771	1,263	L/T_eff
KW Sagittarii	1,009±142^[3]	867	1,151	AD
RSGC1-F07	1,005 ± 238^[1]	768	1,244	L/T_eff

Magellanic Clouds

M31 and M33

Other galaxies (within the Local Group)

List of the largest known stars in other galaxies (within the Local Group)
Star name	Solar radii (Sun = 1)	Galaxy	Method^[a]
Sextans A 10	995±130	Sextans A	L/T_eff
Sextans A 5	870±145	Sextans A	L/T_eff
Sextans A 7	710±100	Sextans A	L/T_eff
IC 10 3	685±90	IC 10	L/T_eff
WLM 14	610±80	WLM	L/T_eff
Sextans B 1	565±70	Sextans B	L/T_eff
IC 1613 2	560±70	IC 1613	L/T_eff
WLM 12	430±70	WLM	L/T_eff
IC 10 5	420±50	IC 10	L/T_eff
Sextans B 2	405±90	Sextans B	L/T_eff
WLM 13	380±50	WLM	L/T_eff
Sextans A 6	350±40	Sextans A	L/T_eff
Pegasus 1	340±50	Pegasus Dwarf	L/T_eff
Sextans A 4	335±40	Sextans A	L/T_eff
WLM 11	310±50	WLM	L/T_eff
IC 1613 1	300±40	IC 1613	L/T_eff
IC 10 2	280±30	IC 10	L/T_eff
Pegasus 2	260±40	Pegasus Dwarf	L/T_eff
Sextans A 8	260±60	Sextans A	L/T_eff
Sextans A 9	230±50	Sextans A	L/T_eff
IC 10 4	200±25	IC 10	L/T_eff
IC 10 1	165±60	IC 10	L/T_eff
IC 10 6	160±25	IC 10	L/T_eff
Phoenix 3	90±15	Phoenix Dwarf	L/T_eff

Outside the Local Group

List of the largest known stars outside the Local Group
Star name	Solar radii (Sun = 1)	Method^[a]	Notes	Galaxy	Group
NGC 2403 10182-pr-2	1,260^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
SPIRITS 14atl	1,134–1,477^[11]	L/T_eff		M83	M83 Group
SPIRITS 15ahp	1,098^[11]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
M81 10584-25-2	851^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
M81 10584-13-3	843^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
M51-DS1	~760–1,700, ≳970–1,100^[12]	L/T_eff		M51	M51 Group
J025941.21+251412.2	~680^[13]	L/T_eff		NGC 1156
J025941.54+251421.8	650±90^[13]^[b]	L/T_eff		NGC 1156
J122809.72+440514.8	620^[14]	L/T_eff		NGC 4449	M94 Group
M81 10584-14-2	537^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
NGC 2403 10182-pr-6	530^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
M81 ZH 224	474^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
M81 ZH 1143	419^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
M81 ZH 1406	399^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
M81 10584-13-2	391^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
M81 10584-8-1	369^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 884	352^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 553	349^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 S94	347^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
M81 ZH 372	331^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
M81 10584-8-2	307^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 585	302^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 912	299^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 10182-pr-1	283^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
M81 10584-5-2	279^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
M81 10584-11-1	270^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
J122810.94+440540.6	253^[14]	L/T_eff		NGC 4449	M94 Group
M81 ZH 244	241^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 335	233^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 1938	215^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 1521	215^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
M81 ZH 679	210^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
M81 10584-18-5	192^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 729	189^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 10182-pr-15	188^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 931	179^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 2313	164^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 2248	162^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 947	157^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
M81 10584-20-2	157^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 924	156^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
M81 10584-9-1	145^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
M81 ZH 364	141^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 2022	131^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 533	125^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 946	114^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 10182-pr-16	109^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
M81 10584-4-1	105^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
Earendel (WHL0137-LS)	~100–390^[15]	L/T_eff	The most distant star currently known. Parameters determined assuming the light is dominated by a single star.	Sunrise Arc (WHL0137-zD1)
NGC 2403 V38	92^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
NGC 2403 ZH 2562	74^[10]	L/T_eff		NGC 2403	M81 Group
J122811.70+440550.9	67–105^[14]	L/T_eff		NGC 4449	M94 Group
M81 10584-8-4	48^[10]	L/T_eff		M81	M81 Group
J122817.83+440630.8	38–171^[14]	L/T_eff		NGC 4449	M94 Group

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c
Methods for calculating the radius:
- AD: radius calculated from angular diameter and distance
- L/T_eff: radius calculated from bolometric luminosity and effective temperature
^ During an outburst.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Humphreys, Roberta M.; Helmel, Greta; Jones, Terry J.; Gordon, Michael S. (September 2020). "Exploring the Mass-loss Histories of the Red Supergiants". The Astronomical Journal. 160 (3): 145. arXiv:2008.01108. Bibcode:2020AJ....160..145H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abab15. ISSN 0004-6256.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ Wittkowski, M.; Hauschildt, P. H.; Arroyo-Torres, B.; Marcaide, J. M. (April 2012). "Fundamental properties and atmospheric structure of the red supergiant VY Canis Majoris based on VLTI/AMBER spectro-interferometry". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 540: L12. arXiv:1203.5194. Bibcode:2012A&A...540L..12W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219126. ISSN 0004-6361.
^ ^a ^b Arroyo-Torres, B.; Wittkowski, M.; Marcaide, J. M.; Hauschildt, P. H. (June 2013). "The atmospheric structure and fundamental parameters of the red supergiants AH Scorpii, UY Scuti, and KW Sagittarii". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 554: A76. arXiv:1305.6179. Bibcode:2013A&A...554A..76A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220920. ISSN 0004-6361.
^ Gvaramadze, V. V.; Menten, K. M.; Kniazev, A. Y.; Langer, N.; Mackey, J.; Kraus, A.; Meyer, D. M. -A.; Kamiński, T. (January 2014). "IRC -10414: a bow-shock-producing red supergiant star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 437 (1): 843–856. arXiv:1310.2245. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.437..843G. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1943. ISSN 0035-8711.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ De, Kishalay; Mereminskiy, Ilya; Soria, Roberto; Conroy, Charlie; Kara, Erin; Anand, Shreya; Ashley, Michael C. B.; Boyer, Martha L.; Chakrabarty, Deepto; Grefenstette, Brian; Hankins, Matthew J.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A.; Jencson, Jacob E.; Karambelkar, Viraj; Kasliwal, Mansi M. (August 2022). "SRGA J181414.6-225604: A New Galactic Symbiotic X-Ray Binary Outburst Triggered by an Intense Mass-loss Episode of a Heavily Obscured Mira Variable". The Astrophysical Journal. 935 (1): 36. arXiv:2205.09139. Bibcode:2022ApJ...935...36D. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac7c6e. ISSN 0004-637X.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ ^a ^b ^c Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip; Olsen, K. A. G.; Plez, Bertrand; Josselin, Eric; Maeder, Andre; Meynet, Georges (August 2005). "The Effective Temperature Scale of Galactic Red Supergiants: Cool, but Not As Cool As We Thought". The Astrophysical Journal. 628 (2): 973–985. arXiv:astro-ph/0504337. Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..973L. doi:10.1086/430901. ISSN 0004-637X.
^ Verhoelst, T.; van der Zypen, N.; Hony, S.; Decin, L.; Cami, J.; Eriksson, K. (April 2009). "The dust condensation sequence in red supergiant stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 498 (1): 127–138. arXiv:0901.1262. Bibcode:2009A&A...498..127V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/20079063. ISSN 0004-6361.
^ Comerón, F.; Djupvik, A. A.; Schneider, N.; Pasquali, A. (December 2020). "The historical record of massive star formation in Cygnus". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 644: A62. arXiv:2009.12779. Bibcode:2020A&A...644A..62C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039188. ISSN 0004-6361.
^ Arroyo-Torres, B.; Wittkowski, M.; Chiavassa, A.; Scholz, M.; Freytag, B.; Marcaide, J. M.; Hauschildt, P. H.; Wood, P. R.; Abellan, F. J. (March 2015). "What causes the large extensions of red supergiant atmospheres?. Comparisons of interferometric observations with 1D hydrostatic, 3D convection, and 1D pulsating model atmospheres". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 575: A50. arXiv:1501.01560. Bibcode:2015A&A...575A..50A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425212. ISSN 0004-6361.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar Humphreys, Roberta M.; Stangl, Sarah; Gordon, Michael S.; Davidson, Kris; Grammer, Skyler H. (January 2019). "Luminous and Variable Stars in NGC 2403 and M81". The Astronomical Journal. 157 (1): 22. arXiv:1811.06559. Bibcode:2019AJ....157...22H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaf1ac. ISSN 0004-6256.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ ^a ^b Bond, Howard E.; Jencson, Jacob E.; Whitelock, Patricia A.; Adams, Scott M.; Bally, John; Cody, Ann Marie; Gehrz, Robert D.; Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Masci, Frank J. (April 2022). "Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Luminous Extragalactic Infrared Transients and Variables from the Spitzer Infrared Intensive Transients Survey". The Astrophysical Journal. 928 (2): 158. arXiv:2202.11040. Bibcode:2022ApJ...928..158B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac5832. ISSN 0004-637X.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ Jencson, Jacob E.; Sand, David J.; Andrews, Jennifer E.; Smith, Nathan; Pearson, Jeniveve; Strader, Jay; Valenti, Stefano; Beasor, Emma R.; Rothberg, Barry (May 2022). "An Exceptional Dimming Event for a Massive, Cool Supergiant in M51". The Astrophysical Journal. 930 (1): 81. arXiv:2110.11376. Bibcode:2022ApJ...930...81J. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac626c. ISSN 0004-637X.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ ^a ^b Solovyeva, Y.; Vinokurov, A.; Tikhonov, N.; Kostenkov, A.; Atapin, K.; Sarkisyan, A.; Moiseev, A.; Fabrika, S.; Oparin, D.; Valeev, A. (August 2022). "Search for LBVs in the Local Volume galaxies: study of two stars in NGC 1156". arXiv:2208.05858. Bibcode:2022arXiv220805858S. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Solovyeva, Y.; Vinokurov, A.; Sarkisyan, A.; Kostenkov, A.; Atapin, K.; Fabrika, S.; Oparin, D.; Valeev, A.; Bizyaev, D.; Nedialkov, P.; Spiridonova, O. (November 2021). "Search for LBVs in the Local Volume galaxies: study of four stars in NGC 4449". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 507 (3): 4352–4366. arXiv:2208.05892. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.507.4352S. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2036. ISSN 0035-8711.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ Welch, Brian; Coe, Dan; Zackrisson, Erik; de Mink, S. E.; Ravindranath, Swara; Anderson, Jay; Brammer, Gabriel; Bradley, Larry; Yoon, Jinmi; Kelly, Patrick; Diego, Jose M.; Windhorst, Rogier; Zitrin, Adi; Dimauro, Paola; Jimenez-Teja, Yolanda (August 2022). "JWST Imaging of Earendel, the Extremely Magnified Star at Redshift z=6.2". arXiv:2208.09007. Bibcode:2022arXiv220809007W. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[methods-1] Methods for calculating the radius:
AD: radius calculated from angular diameter and distance

L/T_eff: radius calculated from bolometric luminosity and effective temperature

[2] AD: radius calculated from angular diameter and distance

[3] L/T_eff: radius calculated from bolometric luminosity and effective temperature

[outburst-15] During an outburst.

[humphreys2020-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Humphreys, Roberta M.; Helmel, Greta; Jones, Terry J.; Gordon, Michael S. (September 2020). "Exploring the Mass-loss Histories of the Red Supergiants". The Astronomical Journal. 160 (3): 145. arXiv:2008.01108. Bibcode:2020AJ....160..145H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abab15. ISSN 0004-6256.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[wittkowski2012-3] Wittkowski, M.; Hauschildt, P. H.; Arroyo-Torres, B.; Marcaide, J. M. (April 2012). "Fundamental properties and atmospheric structure of the red supergiant VY Canis Majoris based on VLTI/AMBER spectro-interferometry". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 540: L12. arXiv:1203.5194. Bibcode:2012A&A...540L..12W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219126. ISSN 0004-6361.

[arroyo-torres2013-4] Arroyo-Torres, B.; Wittkowski, M.; Marcaide, J. M.; Hauschildt, P. H. (June 2013). "The atmospheric structure and fundamental parameters of the red supergiants AH Scorpii, UY Scuti, and KW Sagittarii". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 554: A76. arXiv:1305.6179. Bibcode:2013A&A...554A..76A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220920. ISSN 0004-6361.

[gvaramadze2014-5] Gvaramadze, V. V.; Menten, K. M.; Kniazev, A. Y.; Langer, N.; Mackey, J.; Kraus, A.; Meyer, D. M. -A.; Kamiński, T. (January 2014). "IRC -10414: a bow-shock-producing red supergiant star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 437 (1): 843–856. arXiv:1310.2245. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.437..843G. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1943. ISSN 0035-8711.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[de2022-6] De, Kishalay; Mereminskiy, Ilya; Soria, Roberto; Conroy, Charlie; Kara, Erin; Anand, Shreya; Ashley, Michael C. B.; Boyer, Martha L.; Chakrabarty, Deepto; Grefenstette, Brian; Hankins, Matthew J.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A.; Jencson, Jacob E.; Karambelkar, Viraj; Kasliwal, Mansi M. (August 2022). "SRGA J181414.6-225604: A New Galactic Symbiotic X-Ray Binary Outburst Triggered by an Intense Mass-loss Episode of a Heavily Obscured Mira Variable". The Astrophysical Journal. 935 (1): 36. arXiv:2205.09139. Bibcode:2022ApJ...935...36D. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac7c6e. ISSN 0004-637X.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[levesque2005-7] Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip; Olsen, K. A. G.; Plez, Bertrand; Josselin, Eric; Maeder, Andre; Meynet, Georges (August 2005). "The Effective Temperature Scale of Galactic Red Supergiants: Cool, but Not As Cool As We Thought". The Astrophysical Journal. 628 (2): 973–985. arXiv:astro-ph/0504337. Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..973L. doi:10.1086/430901. ISSN 0004-637X.

[verhoelst2009-8] Verhoelst, T.; van der Zypen, N.; Hony, S.; Decin, L.; Cami, J.; Eriksson, K. (April 2009). "The dust condensation sequence in red supergiant stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 498 (1): 127–138. arXiv:0901.1262. Bibcode:2009A&A...498..127V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/20079063. ISSN 0004-6361.

[comerón2020-9] Comerón, F.; Djupvik, A. A.; Schneider, N.; Pasquali, A. (December 2020). "The historical record of massive star formation in Cygnus". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 644: A62. arXiv:2009.12779. Bibcode:2020A&A...644A..62C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039188. ISSN 0004-6361.

[arroyo-torres2015-10] Arroyo-Torres, B.; Wittkowski, M.; Chiavassa, A.; Scholz, M.; Freytag, B.; Marcaide, J. M.; Hauschildt, P. H.; Wood, P. R.; Abellan, F. J. (March 2015). "What causes the large extensions of red supergiant atmospheres?. Comparisons of interferometric observations with 1D hydrostatic, 3D convection, and 1D pulsating model atmospheres". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 575: A50. arXiv:1501.01560. Bibcode:2015A&A...575A..50A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425212. ISSN 0004-6361.

[humphreys2019-11] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar Humphreys, Roberta M.; Stangl, Sarah; Gordon, Michael S.; Davidson, Kris; Grammer, Skyler H. (January 2019). "Luminous and Variable Stars in NGC 2403 and M81". The Astronomical Journal. 157 (1): 22. arXiv:1811.06559. Bibcode:2019AJ....157...22H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaf1ac. ISSN 0004-6256.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[bond2022-12] Bond, Howard E.; Jencson, Jacob E.; Whitelock, Patricia A.; Adams, Scott M.; Bally, John; Cody, Ann Marie; Gehrz, Robert D.; Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Masci, Frank J. (April 2022). "Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Luminous Extragalactic Infrared Transients and Variables from the Spitzer Infrared Intensive Transients Survey". The Astrophysical Journal. 928 (2): 158. arXiv:2202.11040. Bibcode:2022ApJ...928..158B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac5832. ISSN 0004-637X.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[jencson2022-13] Jencson, Jacob E.; Sand, David J.; Andrews, Jennifer E.; Smith, Nathan; Pearson, Jeniveve; Strader, Jay; Valenti, Stefano; Beasor, Emma R.; Rothberg, Barry (May 2022). "An Exceptional Dimming Event for a Massive, Cool Supergiant in M51". The Astrophysical Journal. 930 (1): 81. arXiv:2110.11376. Bibcode:2022ApJ...930...81J. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac626c. ISSN 0004-637X.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[solovyeva2022-14] Solovyeva, Y.; Vinokurov, A.; Tikhonov, N.; Kostenkov, A.; Atapin, K.; Sarkisyan, A.; Moiseev, A.; Fabrika, S.; Oparin, D.; Valeev, A. (August 2022). "Search for LBVs in the Local Volume galaxies: study of two stars in NGC 1156". arXiv:2208.05858. Bibcode:2022arXiv220805858S. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[solovyeva2021-16] Solovyeva, Y.; Vinokurov, A.; Sarkisyan, A.; Kostenkov, A.; Atapin, K.; Fabrika, S.; Oparin, D.; Valeev, A.; Bizyaev, D.; Nedialkov, P.; Spiridonova, O. (November 2021). "Search for LBVs in the Local Volume galaxies: study of four stars in NGC 4449". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 507 (3): 4352–4366. arXiv:2208.05892. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.507.4352S. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2036. ISSN 0035-8711.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[welch2022-17] Welch, Brian; Coe, Dan; Zackrisson, Erik; de Mink, S. E.; Ravindranath, Swara; Anderson, Jay; Brammer, Gabriel; Bradley, Larry; Yoon, Jinmi; Kelly, Patrick; Diego, Jose M.; Windhorst, Rogier; Zitrin, Adi; Dimauro, Paola; Jimenez-Teja, Yolanda (August 2022). "JWST Imaging of Earendel, the Extremely Magnified Star at Redshift z=6.2". arXiv:2208.09007. Bibcode:2022arXiv220809007W. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

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