(Translated by https://www.hiragana.jp/)
Zhangpu County - Wikipedia Jump to content

Zhangpu County

Coordinates: 24°07′01″N 117°36′50″E / 24.117°N 117.614°E / 24.117; 117.614
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Zhangpu)
Zhangpu County
漳浦县
Changpu
County
Zhaojiabao ("Zhao family castle"), a fortified family residence in Huxi She Township
Zhaojiabao ("Zhao family castle"), a fortified family residence in Huxi She Township
Zhangpu is located in Fujian
Zhangpu
Zhangpu
Location of the seat in Fujian
Coordinates: 24°07′01″N 117°36′50″E / 24.117°N 117.614°E / 24.117; 117.614
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceFujian
Prefecture-level cityZhangzhou
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)

Zhangpu County (Chinese: 漳浦; pinyin: Zhāngpǔ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chiuⁿ-phó͘) is a county of Zhangzhou prefecture-level city in far southern Fujian province, People's Republic of China. The county seat is located in the town of Sui'an (绥安镇).

Zhangpu is bordered by the Longhai City in the north, the counties of Pinghe and Yunxiao in the west, and the Taiwan Strait in the south and east.

Administration

[edit]
Map including Zhangpu (labeled as CHANG-P'U 漳浦) (1954)

Besides Sui'an, Zhangpu oversees 16 other towns (镇):

  1. Fotan (佛ふつ昙)
  2. Chihu (赤あか湖こ)
  3. Jiuzhen (旧きゅう镇)
  4. Duxun (杜もり浔)
  5. Xuemei (霞かすみ美び)
  6. Gongfu (官かん浔)
  7. Changqiao (长桥)
  8. Qianting (前ぜん亭ちん)
  9. Shentu (深ふか土ど)
  10. Pantuo (盘陀)
  11. Maping (马坪)
  12. Shiliu (石榴ざくろ)
  13. Shaxi (沙すな西にし)
  14. Da'nanban (大南おおみなみ坂ざか)
  15. Liu'ao (六ろく鳌)
  16. Gulei (古こ雷かみなり)

The last two (Liu'ao and Gulei) share names with the long peninsulas where they are situated, which project into the Taiwan Strait to form large bays.

There are also four townships (乡): Nanpu (南浦みなみうら), Chitu (赤土あかつち), Huxi (湖西こさい) and Chiling (赤あか岭). The latter two are protected ethnic (minority) townships (民族みんぞく乡), both for the She people.

Transportation

[edit]

The major Shenyang–Haikou coastal expressway cuts through the county, keeping about midway between the coast and the old China National Highway 324.

The Xiamen–Shenzhen Railway runs through Zhangpu County; its Zhangpu Railway Station is located a few kilometers to the west of the county seat.

Historical sites

[edit]
Wanbilou, the main building of Zhaojiabao

In Huxi She Township (湖西こさい畲族乡) there is a fortified compound called Zhaojiabao (赵家堡), where a party of Southern Song royals in flight from the Mongol invaders of the late 13th century are said to have taken up a residence long in term and low in profile. With the Ming restoration of Han Chinese ethnic supremacy to the empire some ninety years and five generations later, the Zhao family (赵家) revealed their pedigree and the compound received its current name.[citation needed]

Zhaojiabao has its own exit right on the Shenyang—Haikou expressway, about 40 minutes south of downtown Zhangzhou (i.e. of Zhangzhou' central urban district, Xiangcheng).

Another fortified compound, Yianbao (诒安堡), dating from the Kangxi era (1687) is located in the same Huxi She Autonomous Township as well.

The ruins of the Liu'ao Fortress (六ろく鳌古城じょう; Liù'áo gǔchéng, or 六ろく鳌城墙; Liù'áo chéngqiáng) are located near the tip of the Liu'ao Peninsula. The fortress - a contemporary of the better known (and much better preserved - or restored) Chongwu Fortress in Hui'an County - was constructed in 1388 by the Hongwu Emperor's general Zhou Dexing.[1]

Tulou

[edit]
Inside Rui'an Lou, an abandoned Jiaqing-era tulou (Shentu Town)[2]

Although most of the famous Fujian Tulou are located in Fujian's interior (Nanjing County, Yongding County, and surrounding areas), there are a few tulou structures in Zhangpu County as well. According to a 2001 survey of Fujian's tulou, out of the province's 3733 tulou known to the researchers, 125 were located within Zhangpu County. Among them were 60 round tulou (out of the total of 1193 such structures in the province), 48 rectangular ones, and 17 of other types.[3]

A characteristic feature of the tulou of Zhangpu County (and of the coastal Fujian in general) was the use of granite blocks for the lower part of the wall, as opposed to boulders/cobblestones which were used for a similar purpose in Fujian's interior.[4]

Although the local folk tradition may claim greater antiquity for some tulou elsewhere, several of the oldest tulou whose age is documented are located in Zhangpu county. According to Huang Hanmin, the oldest currently known construction date for any of China's tulou is 1558 - which is the date (Year 37 of the Jiajing era) that appears above the main gate of Yidelou (一德かずのり楼ろう), a rectangular tulou in Makeng Village (马坑村むら), Sui'an Town, Zhangpu County.[5] It is a three-storey rectangular compound with walls 1.3 m thick; the compound is surrounded by an elliptic wall 1.6 m tall. It was damaged by bombs dropped from a Japanese aircraft in 1934.[5]

Several more tulou of comparable age (all of them of the rectangular type) are found within Zhangpu County as well. Merely two years "younger" than Yidelou is another three-storey rectangular tulou, Yiyanlou (贻燕楼ろう), located in Guotian Village (过田村むら) of Xiamei Town (霞かすみ美び镇), Yiyan Lou (贻燕楼ろう) and dated 1560 (Jiajing 39) by a similar door inscription. In Yuntou (运头) Village of the same town, Qingyunlou (庆云楼ろう) is dated 1569 (Longqing 3).[5] Yanhailou (晏海楼ろう) in Tanzitou Village (潭仔头村, or 昙仔头村), Jiu Town (旧きゅう镇) dates from 1585, and the construction of Wanbilou (完璧かんぺき楼ろう), which is located inside the Zhaojiabao (see above) started in 1600.[5]

Out of the 56 "exemplary tulou" listed in Huang Hanmin's monograph, 6 are in Zhangpu County. One of them, Jinjiang Lou (24°03′49″N 117°46′24″E / 24.063501°N 117.773239°E / 24.063501; 117.773239), located in Jinjiang village[6] of Shentu Town, was built in 1791-1803, and consists of 3 concentric rings. It is one of the few tulou located in the immediate proximity (a few kilometers) of Fujian's sea coast.[7][8]

One of the many unusual natural rock formations at the site known as the Liu'ao Abstract Art Gallery

Notable people

[edit]

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Zhangpu (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 29.0
(84.2) 		30.0
(86.0) 		32.2
(90.0) 		35.2
(95.4) 		35.9
(96.6) 		37.4
(99.3) 		38.7
(101.7) 		37.5
(99.5) 		36.3
(97.3) 		34.8
(94.6) 		32.5
(90.5) 		29.1
(84.4) 		38.7
(101.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 18.6
(65.5) 		19.1
(66.4) 		21.3
(70.3) 		25.3
(77.5) 		28.4
(83.1) 		30.8
(87.4) 		32.9
(91.2) 		32.6
(90.7) 		31.3
(88.3) 		28.4
(83.1) 		24.8
(76.6) 		20.5
(68.9) 		26.2
(79.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 13.8
(56.8) 		14.2
(57.6) 		16.4
(61.5) 		20.4
(68.7) 		24.0
(75.2) 		26.9
(80.4) 		28.5
(83.3) 		28.1
(82.6) 		26.8
(80.2) 		23.6
(74.5) 		20.0
(68.0) 		15.7
(60.3) 		21.5
(70.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 10.7
(51.3) 		11.3
(52.3) 		13.3
(55.9) 		17.2
(63.0) 		21.0
(69.8) 		24.1
(75.4) 		25.2
(77.4) 		24.9
(76.8) 		23.6
(74.5) 		20.1
(68.2) 		16.7
(62.1) 		12.4
(54.3) 		18.4
(65.1)
Record low °C (°F) 1.3
(34.3) 		1.4
(34.5) 		1.9
(35.4) 		7.3
(45.1) 		12.3
(54.1) 		15.9
(60.6) 		21.6
(70.9) 		21.9
(71.4) 		16.6
(61.9) 		11.5
(52.7) 		5.8
(42.4) 		0.1
(32.2) 		0.1
(32.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 44.7
(1.76) 		69.9
(2.75) 		101.7
(4.00) 		137.6
(5.42) 		215.3
(8.48) 		283.1
(11.15) 		162.4
(6.39) 		264.0
(10.39) 		161.8
(6.37) 		58.1
(2.29) 		43.2
(1.70) 		43.2
(1.70) 		1,585
(62.4)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 6.9 9.7 12.9 12.8 15.3 17.1 10.9 13.8 9.7 3.2 5.0 6.1 123.4
Average relative humidity (%) 73 76 78 78 81 83 79 80 77 69 71 70 76
Mean monthly sunshine hours 123.7 99.9 103.5 117.6 129.6 150.0 226.4 198.2 172.9 176.6 144.3 136.1 1,778.8
Percent possible sunshine 37 31 28 31 31 37 54 50 47 50 44 41 40
Source: China Meteorological Administration[9][10]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Yang Shuiming (杨水明すいめい). 六ろく鳌古城じょう：倾听历史的てき涛声とうせい [The old Liu'ao Fortress: listening to the waves of history] (in Simplified Chinese).
  2. ^ 漳浦行ぎょう（三さん）深ふか土ど镇的特色とくしょく土ど楼ろう (Zhangpu trip (3): Shentu Town's peculiar tulou)
  3. ^ Huang 2009, p. 35. The data are from the table containing the results of a preliminary, but pretty detailed "census" of all extant tulou of Fujian, conducted by researchers and provincial authorities in 2001. The numbers don't include tulou ruins.
  4. ^ Huang 2009, pp. 218–219
  5. ^ a b c d Huang 2009, pp. 154–157
  6. ^ The "natural" Jinjiang village is part of the "administrative village" (行政ぎょうせい村むら) of Jindong (锦东), and it is the latter that's more often shown on maps (e.g., sogou.com).
  7. ^ 锦江楼ろう (Jinjiang Lou) (in Chinese)
  8. ^ Huang 2009, pp. 354–356
  9. ^ 中国ちゅうごく气象数すう据すえ网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
  10. ^ "Experience Template" 中国ちゅうごく气象数すう据すえ网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 23 June 2023.

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zhangpu County.
  • 黄き汉民, Huang Hanmin (2009), 福建ふっけん土ど楼ろう-中国ちゅうごく传统民みん居きょ的てき瑰宝 [Fujian Tulou: a jewel of China's traditional residential architecture] (in Chinese), 三さん联书店てん [Sanlian Books], ISBN 978-7-108-03175-4
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhangpu_County&oldid=1218531612"