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m replace <* {{IPA|en|/bɪˈfoəhænd/|a=nonrhotic,non-horse-hoarse}}> with <* {{IPA|en|/bɪˈfoəhænd/|a=non-rhotic,non-horse-hoarse}}> (clean up English pronunciations (manually assisted)) |
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{{also|before-hand}} |
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==English== |
==English== |
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===Alternative forms=== |
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* {{alter|en|before-hand||archaic}} |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{inh|en|enm|biforhand}}, {{m|enm|biforhond}}, {{m|enm|beforehonde}}, {{m|enm|bifornhand}}, equivalent to {{af|en|before|hand}}. |
From {{inh|en|enm|biforhand}}, {{m|enm|biforhond}}, {{m|enm|beforehonde}}, {{m|enm|bifornhand}}, equivalent to {{af|en|before|hand}}. [13th century. After Old French ''[[avant main]]'']. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* |
* {{IPA|en|/bɪˈfɔːhænd/|a=RP}} |
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* |
* {{IPA|en|/bɪˈfɔɹhænd/|a=GenAm}} |
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* {{IPA|en|/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹhænd/|a=rhotic,non-horse-hoarse}} |
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* {{IPA|en|/bɪˈfoəhænd/|a=non-rhotic,non-horse-hoarse}} |
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* {{hyphenation|en|be|fore|hand}} |
* {{hyphenation|en|be|fore|hand}} |
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* {{audio|en|en-us-beforehand.ogg| |
* {{audio|en|en-us-beforehand.ogg|a=US}} |
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===Adverb=== |
===Adverb=== |
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# At an [[earlier]] or [[preceding]] [[time]]. |
# At an [[earlier]] or [[preceding]] [[time]]. |
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#: {{syn|en|in advance|upfront|prehand|q3=nonstandard}} |
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====Synonyms==== |
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#: {{ux|en|I love playing tennis but I always get so nervous '''beforehand'''.}} |
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* {{l|en|in advance}} |
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#: {{ux|en|Weeks '''beforehand''', I had bought the tickets for the concert.}} |
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====Antonyms==== |
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====Translations==== |
====Translations==== |
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{{trans-top|at an earlier time}} |
{{trans-top|at an earlier time}} |
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* Azerbaijani: {{t+|az|qabaqcadan}}, {{t |
* Azerbaijani: {{t+|az|qabaqcadan}}, {{t|az|öncədən}} |
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* Belarusian: {{t|be|за́гадзя}} |
* Belarusian: {{t|be|за́гадзя}} |
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* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|преди}} |
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|преди}} |
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* Catalan: {{t+|ca|de bestreta}} |
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|de bestreta}} |
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* Chinese: |
* Chinese: |
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*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn| |
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn| |
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* Czech: {{t+|cs|předem}} |
* Czech: {{t+|cs|předem}} |
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* Danish: {{t|da|på forhånd}}, {{t|da|i forvejen}} |
* Danish: {{t|da|på forhånd}}, {{t+|da|i forvejen}} |
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* Dutch: {{t+|nl|vooraf}}, {{t|nl|op voorhand}}, {{t|nl|van tevoren}}, {{t|nl|bij voorbaat}} |
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|vooraf}}, {{t|nl|op voorhand}}, {{t+|nl|van tevoren}}, {{t|nl|bij voorbaat}} |
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* Esperanto: {{t|eo|antaŭe}} |
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|antaŭe}} |
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* Finnish: {{t+|fi|etukäteen}} |
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|etukäteen}} |
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* Georgian: {{t|ka|წინასწარ}}, {{t|ka|წინდაწინ}} |
* Georgian: {{t|ka|წინასწარ}}, {{t|ka|წინდაწინ}} |
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* German: {{t+|de|vorher}}, {{t+|de|zuvor}}, {{t+|de|davor}}, {{t+|de|im Voraus}} |
* German: {{t+|de|vorher}}, {{t+|de|zuvor}}, {{t+|de|davor}}, {{t+|de|im Voraus}} |
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* Greek: {{t+|el| |
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* Hebrew: {{t|he|מבעוד מועד|tr=mi'beod mo'ed}}, {{t|he|מראש}} |
* Hebrew: {{t|he|מבעוד מועד|tr=mi'beod mo'ed}}, {{t+|he|מראש}} |
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{{trans-mid}} |
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* Hungarian: {{t|hu|előzetesen}}, {{t+|hu|előre}} |
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|előzetesen}}, {{t+|hu|előre}} |
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* Ingrian: {{t|izh|etukättee}} |
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* Interlingue: {{t|ie|antecipatmen}}, {{t|ie|in ante}}, {{t|ie|in avanse}} |
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* |
* Irish: {{t|ga|roimh ré}} |
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* Italian: {{t+|it|anticipatamente}}, {{t+|it|precedentemente}}, {{t+|it|in anticipo}} |
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* Japanese: {{t+|ja|あらかじめ |
* Japanese: {{t+|ja| |
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* Kazakh: {{t|kk|алдын ала}} |
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* Korean: {{t+|ko|미리}} |
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* Latin: {{t+|la|antea}} |
* Latin: {{t+|la|antea}} |
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* Norwegian: {{t|no|i forkant}} |
* Norwegian: {{t|no|i forkant}} |
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*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|på forhånd}}, {{t|nb|i forveien}}, {{t|nb|i forvegen}} |
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|på forhånd}}, {{t|nb|i forveien}}, {{t|nb|i forvegen}} |
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* Plautdietsch: {{t|pdt|verut}} |
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* Polish: {{t+|pl|uprzednio}}, {{t+|pl|wcześniej}}, {{t+|pl|zawczasu}}, {{t+|pl|z góry}} |
* Polish: {{t+|pl|uprzednio}}, {{t+|pl|wcześniej}}, {{t+|pl|zawczasu}}, {{t+|pl|z góry}} |
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* Portuguese: {{t|pt| |
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|de antemão}}, {{t|pt|[[com]] [[antecedência]]}}, {{t+|pt|antes}}, {{t+|pt|previamente}}, {{t+|pt|antecipadamente}}, {{t+|pt|adiantado}} |
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* Romanian: {{t|ro|în prealabil}}, {{t|ro|mai devreme}}, {{t|ro|în avans}} |
* Romanian: {{t|ro|în prealabil}}, {{t|ro|mai devreme}}, {{t|ro|în avans}} |
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* Russian: {{t+|ru|зара́нее}}, {{t+|ru|заблаговре́менно}}, {{t+|ru|вперёд}}, {{t+|ru|наперёд}} {{qualifier|colloquial}}, {{t+|ru|преждевре́менно}} {{qualifier|untimely}}, {{t+|ru|за́годя}} {{qualifier|colloquial}} |
* Russian: {{t+|ru|зара́нее}}, {{t+|ru|заблаговре́менно}}, {{t+|ru|вперёд}}, {{t+|ru|наперёд}} {{qualifier|colloquial}}, {{t+|ru|преждевре́менно}} {{qualifier|untimely}}, {{t+|ru|за́годя}} {{qualifier|colloquial}} |
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* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|ro làimh}} |
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|ro làimh}} |
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* Slovak: {{t|sk|vopred}} |
* Slovak: {{t|sk|vopred}} |
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* Spanish: {{t+|es|de antemano}}, {{t+|es|anticipadamente}}, {{t+|es|adelantadamente}}, {{t+|es|antes}}, {{t|es|[[con]] [[anterioridad]]}} |
* Spanish: {{t+|es|de antemano}}, {{t+|es|anticipadamente}}, {{t+|es|adelantadamente}}, {{t+|es|antes}}, {{t|es|[[con]] [[anterioridad]]}}, {{t|es|por adelantado}} |
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* Swedish: {{t+|sv|på förhand}}, {{t+|sv|i förväg}} |
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|på förhand}}, {{t+|sv|i förväg}} |
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* Turkish: {{t|tr|öncesinde}} |
* Turkish: {{t|tr|öncesinde}}, {{t+|tr|önceden}} |
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* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|заздалегі́дь}}, {{t|uk|напере́д}} |
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|заздалегі́дь}}, {{t|uk|напере́д}} |
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{{trans-bottom}} |
{{trans-bottom}} |
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# {{lb|en|obsolete}} In [[comfortable]] [[circumstance]]s as regards property; [[forehanded]]. |
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} In [[comfortable]] [[circumstance]]s as regards property; [[forehanded]]. |
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#* {{ |
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1626|author=w:Francis Bacon|title=w:New Atlantis |
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|passage=rich and much '''beforehand'''}} |
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# {{lb|en|archaic|often followed by ''[[with]]''}} In a state of [[anticipation]] or [[preoccupation]]. |
# {{lb|en|archaic|often followed by ''[[with]]''}} In a state of [[anticipation]] or [[preoccupation]]. |
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#* {{RQ:Milton History|passage=Agricola {{...}} resolves to be '''beforehand''' with the danger.}} |
#* {{RQ:Milton History|passage=Agricola {{...}} resolves to be '''beforehand''' with the danger.}} |
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#* {{rfdatek|en|Addison}} |
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====Derived terms==== |
====Derived terms==== |
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*{{l|en|beforehand in the world}}, {{l|en|beforehand with the world}} |
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* [[beforehandness]] |
Revision as of 03:22, 12 June 2024
See also: before-hand
English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle English biforhand, biforhond, beforehonde, bifornhand, equivalent to before + hand. [13th century. After Old French avant main].
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /bɪˈfɔːhænd/
- (General American) IPA(key): /bɪˈfɔɹhænd/
- (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA(key): /bɪˈfo(ː)ɹhænd/
- (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA(key): /bɪˈfoəhænd/
- Hyphenation: be‧fore‧hand
Audio (US): (file)
Adverb
beforehand (not comparable)
- At an earlier or preceding time.
- Synonyms: in advance, upfront, (nonstandard) prehand
- Antonyms: afterwards, (archaic) afterhand
- Will it be possible to have access to the room beforehand so that we can set up chairs?
- I love playing tennis but I always get so nervous beforehand.
- Weeks beforehand, I had bought the tickets for the concert.
Translations
at an earlier time
Adjective
beforehand (comparative more beforehand, superlative most beforehand)
- (obsolete) In comfortable circumstances as regards property; forehanded.
- 1626, Francis Bacon, New Atlantis:
- rich and much beforehand
- (archaic, often followed by with) In a state of anticipation or preoccupation.
- 1670, John Milton, “(please specify the page)”, in The History of Britain, that Part Especially now Call’d England. […], London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for James Allestry, […] , →OCLC:
- Agricola […] resolves to be beforehand with the danger.
- 1716 April 17 (Gregorian calendar), Joseph Addison, “The Free-holder: No. 31. Friday, April 6. [1716.]”, in The Works of the Right Honourable Joseph Addison, Esq; […], volume IV, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], published 1721, →OCLC:
- The last cited author has been beforehand with me.
- 1839, London Medical Gazette: Or, Journal of Practical Medicine:
- […] the medical attendant ought to be rather beforehand with the symptoms of excitement, and to diminish the large quantity of wine before they appear.
Derived terms
Categories:
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English compound terms
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English 4-syllable words
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English adverbs
- English uncomparable adverbs
- English terms with usage examples
- English adjectives
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with archaic senses