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{{also|Bump|BUMP}}
{{also|Bump|BUMP}}
==English==
==English==

⚫
===Etymology===
⚫
From Early Modern English {{m|en|bump|t=a shock, blow from a collision", also "to make a heavy, hollow sound, boom}}, probably of {{der|en|gmq|-}} origin. Compare {{cog|da|bump|t=a thump}}, {{cog|da|bumpe|t=to thump}}, {{cog|gmq-oda|bumpe|t=to strike with a clenched fist}}. Apparently related to {{cog|enm|bumben}}, {{m|enm|bummen|t=to make a hollow noise}}, {{cog|nl|bommen|t=to hum, buzz}}, {{cog|de|bummen|t=to hum, buzz}}, {{cog|is|bumba|t=drum}}, probably of imitative origin. More at {{l|en|bum}}, {{l|en|bumble}}. Compare also {{l|en|bomb}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
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* {{rhymes|en|ʌmp|s=1}}
* {{rhymes|en|ʌmp|s=1}}


===Noun===
===Etymology 1===
⚫
From Early Modern English {{m|en|bump|t=a shock, blow from a collision", also "to make a heavy, hollow sound, boom}}, probably of {{der|en|gmq|-}} origin. Compare {{cog|da|bump|t=a thump}}, {{cog|da|bumpe|t=to thump}}, {{cog|gmq-oda|bumpe|t=to strike with a clenched fist}}. Apparently related to {{cog|enm|bumben}}, {{m|enm|bummen|t=to make a hollow noise}}, {{cog|nl|bommen|t=to hum, buzz}}, {{cog|de|bummen|t=to hum, buzz}}, {{cog|is|bumba|t=drum}}, probably of imitative origin. More at {{l|en|bum}}, {{l|en|bumble}}. Compare also {{l|en|bomb}}.

====Noun====
{{en-noun|~}}
{{en-noun|~}}


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# {{lb|en|slang}} A dose of a drug such as [[ketamine]] or [[cocaine]], when snorted [[recreationally]].
# {{lb|en|slang}} A dose of a drug such as [[ketamine]] or [[cocaine]], when snorted [[recreationally]].
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2019-08-09|author=Joshua Azizi|title=Shambhala Music Festival makes harm reduction a priority|journal={{w|The Georgia Straight}}|url=https://www.straight.com/music/1284111/shambhala-music-festival-makes-harm-reduction-priority|passage=“They're getting their drugs mixed up,” she said. “If someone did a line of coke, it would be a very different size than if someone did a '''bump''' of ketamine, right? So if they're thinking it's cocaine and they do a line, they could go into a k-hole and be completely unable to move for hours. Maybe not hours, but for a while.”}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2019-08-09|author=Joshua Azizi|title=Shambhala Music Festival makes harm reduction a priority|journal={{w|The Georgia Straight}}|url=https://www.straight.com/music/1284111/shambhala-music-festival-makes-harm-reduction-priority|passage=“They're getting their drugs mixed up,” she said. “If someone did a line of coke, it would be a very different size than if someone did a '''bump''' of ketamine, right? So if they're thinking it's cocaine and they do a line, they could go into a k-hole and be completely unable to move for hours. Maybe not hours, but for a while.”}}
⚫
# The [[noise]] made by the [[bittern]]; a [[boom]].
# {{lb|en|preceded by definite article}} A [[disco]] [[dance]] in which partners rhythmically bump each other's hips together.
# {{lb|en|preceded by definite article}} A [[disco]] [[dance]] in which partners rhythmically bump each other's hips together.
# In [[skipping]], a single [[jump]] over two consecutive [[turn]]s of the [[rope]].
# In [[skipping]], a single [[jump]] over two consecutive [[turn]]s of the [[rope]].
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#*: For example, chain bumping, in which a '''bump''' by one employee initiates a series of consecutive '''bumps''' down a progression line before a layoff results, produces the greatest average number of reassignments per redundant employee.
#*: For example, chain bumping, in which a '''bump''' by one employee initiates a series of consecutive '''bumps''' down a progression line before a layoff results, produces the greatest average number of reassignments per redundant employee.


====Derived terms====
=====Derived terms=====
{{der3|en|title=Terms derived from ''bump'' (noun)|baby bump|bump and grind|[[bumpfire]], [[bump-fire]], [[bump fire]]|bump in the road|bumpity|[[bump stock]], [[bump-stock]], [[bumpstock]]|bumpy|elbow bump|fist bump|like a bump on a log|razor bump|speed bump|things that go bump in the night|birthday bump|booty bump|bump ball|bump cap|bump mapping|bump supper|bump-off|bump-start|chest bump|Colbert bump|convention bump|ghost bump|goose bump|key bump|lie bump|mobile speed bump|necro bump|necro-bump|prayer bump|shaving bump|solder bump|traffic bump|Trump bump|with a bump}}
{{der3|en|title=Terms derived from ''bump'' (noun)|baby bump|bump and grind|[[bumpfire]], [[bump-fire]], [[bump fire]]|bump in the road|bumpity|[[bump stock]], [[bump-stock]], [[bumpstock]]|bumpy|elbow bump|fist bump|like a bump on a log|razor bump|speed bump|things that go bump in the night|birthday bump|booty bump|bump ball|bump cap|bump mapping|bump supper|bump-off|bump-start|chest bump|Colbert bump|convention bump|ghost bump|goose bump|key bump|lie bump|mobile speed bump|necro bump|necro-bump|prayer bump|shaving bump|solder bump|traffic bump|Trump bump|with a bump}}


====Translations====
=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|a light blow or jolting collision}}
{{trans-top|a light blow or jolting collision}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|сблъскване|n}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|сблъскване|n}}
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{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


===Verb===
====Verb====
{{en-verb}}
{{en-verb}}


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#*: Employees with 2 years or more, and less than 8 years plant seniority, may '''bump''' a probationary employee.
#*: Employees with 2 years or more, and less than 8 years plant seniority, may '''bump''' a probationary employee.


====Derived terms====
=====Derived terms=====
{{der3|en|title=Terms derived from ''bump'' (verb)|bump and grind|bump elbows|bump key|bump into|bump off|bump up|fist bump|bump nasties|bump uglies|chest-bump}}
{{der3|en|title=Terms derived from ''bump'' (verb)|bump and grind|bump elbows|bump key|bump into|bump off|bump up|fist bump|bump nasties|bump uglies|chest-bump}}


====Translations====
=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|to knock against with a light blow or collision}}
{{trans-top|to knock against with a light blow or collision}}
* Arabic: {{t-needed|ar}}
* Arabic: {{t-needed|ar}}
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{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


===Interjection===
====Interjection====
{{en-intj}}
{{en-intj}}


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[[Category:en:Dances]]
[[Category:en:Dances]]
[[Category:en:Fabrics]]
[[Category:en:Fabrics]]

⚫
===Etymology 2===
From Early Modern English; [[onomatopoeic]].

====Noun====
{{en-noun|~}}

⚫
# The [[breeding]] [[call]] made by the [[bittern]]; a [[boom]].

====Verb====
{{en-verb}}

# Of a bittern, to make its [[characteristic]] breeding call.


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Revision as of 12:29, 1 March 2023

See also: Bump and BUMP

English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bʌmp/
  • Audio (AUえーゆー):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ʌmp

Etymology 1

From Early Modern English bump (“a shock, blow from a collision", also "to make a heavy, hollow sound, boom”), probably of North Germanic origin. Compare Danish bump (“a thump”), Danish bumpe (“to thump”), Old Danish bumpe (“to strike with a clenched fist”). Apparently related to Middle English bumben, bummen (“to make a hollow noise”), Dutch bommen (“to hum, buzz”), German bummen (“to hum, buzz”), Icelandic bumba (“drum”), probably of imitative origin. More at bum, bumble. Compare also bomb.

Noun

bump (countable and uncountable, plural bumps)

  1. A light blow or jolting collision.
  2. The sound of such a collision.
  3. A protuberance on a level surface.
  4. A swelling on the skin caused by illness or injury.
  5. (obsolete) One of the protuberances on the cranium which, in phrenology, are associated with distinct faculties or affections of the mind. Also (dated, metonymically) the faculty itself
    the bump of veneration; the bump of acquisitiveness
    • c.1845 Thomas MacNevin, cited in Charles Gavan Duffy (1896) Young Ireland: A Fragment of Irish History, 1840-45; final revision (London: T.F. Unwin) Vol.II p.100:
      Our task is to elevate the character of the people, raising up, in fact, their bump of self-esteem and suppressing the bumps of servility and fury.
    • 1902, William Blades, The Enemies of Books, 2nd edition, page 102:
      Another, with the bump of order unnaturally developed, had his folios and quartos all reduced, in binding, to one size, so that they might look even on his bookshelves.
  6. (rowing) The point, in a race in which boats are spaced apart at the start, at which a boat begins to overtake the boat ahead.
  7. The swollen abdomen of a pregnant woman.
  8. (Internet) A post in an Internet forum thread made in order to raise the thread's profile by returning it to the top of the list of active threads.
  9. A temporary increase in a quantity, as shown in a graph.
    US presidential nominees get a post-convention bump in survey ratings.
  10. (slang) A dose of a drug such as ketamine or cocaine, when snorted recreationally.
    • 2019 August 9, Joshua Azizi, “Shambhala Music Festival makes harm reduction a priority”, in The Georgia Straight‎[1]:
      “They're getting their drugs mixed up,” she said. “If someone did a line of coke, it would be a very different size than if someone did a bump of ketamine, right? So if they're thinking it's cocaine and they do a line, they could go into a k-hole and be completely unable to move for hours. Maybe not hours, but for a while.”
  11. (preceded by definite article) A disco dance in which partners rhythmically bump each other's hips together.
  12. In skipping, a single jump over two consecutive turns of the rope.
  13. (uncountable) A coarse cotton fabric.
  14. A training match for a fighting dog.
  15. (snooker, slang) The jaw of either of the middle pockets.
  16. (US, slang, uncountable) Music, especially played over speakers at loud volume with strong bass frequency response.
    • 2005, “Stay Fly”, in Jordan Houston, Darnell Carlton, Paul Beauregard, Premro Smith, Marlon Goodwin, David Brown, and Willie Hutchinson (lyrics), Most Known Unknown‎[2], performed by Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, and MJG), Sony BMG:
      Call me the juice and you know I'm a stunt; ride in the car with some bump in the trunk.
  17. (industrial relations) A reassignment of jobs within an organization (for example, when an existing employee leaves) on the basis of seniority.
    • 1985, Peter B. Doeringer, ‎Michael J. Piore, Internal Labor Markets and Manpower Analysis (page 55)
      For example, chain bumping, in which a bump by one employee initiates a series of consecutive bumps down a progression line before a layoff results, produces the greatest average number of reassignments per redundant employee.
Derived terms
Terms derived from bump (noun)
Translations
a post in an Internet forum thread made in order to raise the thread's profile
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

bump (third-person singular simple present bumps, present participle bumping, simple past and past participle bumped)

  1. To knock against or run into with a jolt.
  2. To move up or down by a step; displace.
    I bumped the font size up to make my document easier to read.
  3. (Internet) To post in an Internet forum thread in order to raise the thread's profile by returning it to the top of the list of active threads.
    • 2015, Barbara Horrell, Christine Stephens, Mary Breheny, “Online Research with Informal Caregivers: Opportunities and Challenges”, in Qualitative Research in Psychology, volume 12, number 3, →DOI, page 264:
      As in [the online forum] carersvoicesnz, certain contributors were more visible, taking the initiative to "bump" the thread to bring it back into view if it went quiet.
  4. (chemistry, of a superheated liquid) To suddenly boil, causing movement of the vessel and loss of liquid.
    • 1916, Albert Prescott Mathews, Physiological chemistry:
      Heat until the liquid bumps, then reduce the heat and continue the boiling for 1½ hours.
  5. (transitive) To move (a booked passenger) to a later flight because of earlier delays or cancellations.
    • 2005, Lois Jones, EasyJet: the story of Britain's biggest low-cost airline (page 192)
      Easyjet said the compensation package for passengers bumped off flights was 'probably the most flawed piece of European legislation in recent years' […]
  6. (transitive) To move the time of (a scheduled event).
    • 2010, Nancy Conner, Matthew MacDonald, Office 2010: The Missing Manual, p. 332:
      A colleague emails with news that her 4:30 meeting got bumped to 3:30.
  7. (transitive) To pick (a lock) with a repeated striking motion that dislodges the pins.
  8. (intransitive, archaic) To make a loud, heavy, or hollow noise; to boom.
  9. (printing, dated) To spread out material so as to fill any desired number of pages.
  10. (slang, transitive) To assassinate; to bump off.
    • 1944, William Faulkner, Leigh Brackett, Jules Furthman, The Big Sleep (screenplay)
      You know about the night the kid bumped Brody?
  11. (industrial relations, transitive) To displace (another employee in an organization) on the basis of seniority.
    • 1969, Major Collective Bargaining Agreements (volume 9)
      Employees with 2 years or more, and less than 8 years plant seniority, may bump a probationary employee.
Derived terms
Terms derived from bump (verb)
Translations

Interjection

bump

  1. (Internet) Posted in an Internet forum thread in order to raise the thread's profile by returning it to the top of the list of active threads.

Etymology 2

From Early Modern English; onomatopoeic.

Noun

bump (countable and uncountable, plural bumps)

  1. The breeding call made by the bittern; a boom.

Verb

bump (third-person singular simple present bumps, present participle bumping, simple past and past participle bumped)

  1. Of a bittern, to make its characteristic breeding call.

Danish

Etymology

Onomatopoeic, compare English bump.

Pronunciation

Noun

bump n (singular definite bumpet, plural indefinite bump)

  1. thud
  2. jolt
  3. road hump

Inflection

Declension of bump
neuter
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative bump bumpet bump bumpene
genitive bumps bumpets bumps bumpenes

Derived terms

Verb

bump (form)

  1. imperative of bumpe

Welsh

Numeral

bump

  1. Soft mutation of pump (“five”).

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
pump bump mhump phump
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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