φρήν
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Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
Perhaps from either Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰren- (“soul, mind; innards, diaphragm”), whence Old Norse grunr (“suspicion”), or *bʰren- (“front edge”), whence e.g. Latin frōns (“forehead, front; character”), Old East Norse brant (“precipice”).[1] See also Latin rēn (“kidney”), Proto-Slavic *grěnь (“pus”), of disputed connection.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pʰrɛ̌ːn/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pʰre̝n/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ɸrin/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /frin/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /frin/
Noun
φρήν • (phrḗn) f (genitive φρενός); third declension
- (often in the plural) The midriff, stomach and lower chest or breast
- The seat of emotions, heart; seat of bodily appetites such as hunger
- The seat of intellect, wits, mind
- will, purpose
Inflection
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ φρήν hē phrḗn |
tṑ phréne |
hai phrénes | ||||||||||
Genitive | tês phrenós |
toîn phrenoîn |
tôn phrenôn | ||||||||||
Dative | têi phrení |
toîn phrenoîn |
taîs phresí(n) / phrasí(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | tḕn phréna |
tṑ phréne |
tā̀s phrénas | ||||||||||
Vocative | φρήν phrḗn |
φρένε phréne |
φρένες phrénes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Synonyms
Derived terms
ε ὐφρόνη (euphrónē, “night”) (apparently)- ἔμφρων (émphrōn)
ε ὔφρων (eúphrōn)- μετάφρενον (metáphrenon)
- φρένιον (phrénion)
φ ρ ε ν ῖτις (phrenîtis)- φρενόω (phrenóō)
- φρόνιμος (phrónimos)
- -φρων (-phrōn)
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “φρήν, -ενός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1590-1
Further reading
- “φρήν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “φρήν”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “φρήν”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- φρήν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- φρήν in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “φρήν”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5424 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- bosom idem, page 90.
- brain idem, page 93.
- breast idem, page 96.
- comprehension idem, page 153.
- fancy idem, page 306.
- head idem, page 389.
- heart idem, page 392.
- imagination idem, page 416.
- mind idem, page 530.
- sanity idem, page 733.
- sense idem, page 752.
- soul idem, page 796.
- thought idem, page 868.
- understanding idem, page 913.
- wit idem, page 983.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰren-
- Ancient Greek 1-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension