en-

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "en"

English

Alternative forms

  • em- (before certain consonants, principally b or p)

Etymology

From Middle English en- (“en-, in-”). Originally from Old French en- (also an-), from Latin in- (“in, into”); but also from an alteration of in-, from Middle English in-, from Old English in- (“in, into”), from Proto-Germanic *in (“in”). Both the Latin and the Germanic forms are from Proto-Indo-European *en (“in, into”). Intensive use of Old French en-, an- is due to confluence with Frankish *an- (intensive prefix), related to Old English on- (intensive prefix). More at in-, on-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɛn-/, /ɪn-/, /ən-/

Prefix

en-

  1. Forms a transitive verb whose meaning is to make the attached adjective
    2. in, into
      embathe, enquire, enlist
    4. on, onto
      embark, enplane, enthrone
    6. covered by
      enclothe, embalm, enseam
  3. to become
    enslave, embetter, engloom
  5. provide with
    empower
  7. an intensifier
    entangle, enwisen, enhamper

Usage notes

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

English terms prefixed with en-
verbs derived from French (or Anglo-Norman) verbs or expressions using en- or en
nouns derived from French (or Anglo-Norman) nouns or expressions using en- or en
verbs composed from en- + English verb (meaning: to include, apply)
verbs composed from en- + English noun, sometimes with additional verb suffixes as -ate, -en or -ize (“to enclose, enter in, provide with”)
verbs composed from en- + English adjective or other word type (meaning: provide with a quality)
terms derived from foreign (mostly Greek) words using en- or in-

See also

References

Anagrams

Catalan

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.

Prefix

en-

  1. en- (all meanings)

Derived terms

Catalan terms prefixed with en-

See also

French

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Old French en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɑ̃/
  • Audio:(file)

Prefix

en-

  1. en- (all meanings)

Derived terms

French terms prefixed with en-

See also

Galician

Alternative forms

  • em- (before b or p)

Etymology

    From Old Galician-Portuguese en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); compare en.

    Prefix

    en-

    1. en-, in-

    Derived terms

    From

    Galician terms prefixed with en-

    .

    See also

    Ido

    Etymology

    Prefix form of en (“in”).

    Pronunciation

    Prefix

    en-

    1. prefix indicating in
      ‎en- + ‎irar (“to go”) → ‎enirar (“to go in; enter”)
      ‎en- + ‎swichar (“to switch”) → ‎enswichar (“to switch on”)

    Derived terms

    Ido terms prefixed with en-

    Ladino

    Alternative forms

    • em- (before b or p)

    Etymology

    From Old Spanish en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of in (“in, into”).

    Prefix

    en-

    1. en-

    Derived terms

    Ladino terms prefixed with en-

    Middle English

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Old French en-, from Latin in-.

    Pronunciation

    Prefix

    en-

    1. Forms words, usually verbs, meaning "in", "on", or "around"; en-.
    2. Intensifies words, usually verbs; en-.

    Usage notes

    • Sometimes used interchangeably with in-; see that entry for more.

    Derived terms

    Middle English terms prefixed with en-

    Descendants

    • English: en- (in-)

    References

    Mohawk

    Prefix

    en-

    1. future tense prefix

    References

    • Gunther Michelson (1973) A thousand words of Mohawk, University of Ottawa Press, page 5

    Norman

    Etymology

    From Old French en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.

    Prefix

    en-

    1. en- (all meanings)

    Derived terms

    Norman terms prefixed with en-

    See also

    Northern Ndebele

    Etymology

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Prefix

    en-

    1. Class 9 adjective concord.

    Usage notes

    The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).

    Occitan

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    From Old Occitan en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.

    Prefix

    en-

    1. en- (all meanings)

    Derived terms

    Occitan terms prefixed with en-

    See also

    Old French

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    From Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”). Influenced by Frankish *an- (intensive prefix), related to Old English on- (intensive prefix).

    Prefix

    en-

    1. en- (in; into)
    2. en- (intensifier)

    Derived terms

    Old French terms prefixed with en-

    See also

    Old Galician-Portuguese

    Etymology

      From Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”).

      Prefix

      en-

      2. en-

      Descendants

      Old Saxon

      Etymology

      From ēn (“one”).

      Prefix

      ēn-

      1. one, uni-, only
        ēnkunni (“only, unique”)
      2. sole, single, solitary

      Portuguese

      Alternative forms

      • em- (before b or p)
      • e- (before m or n)

      Etymology

        From Old Galician-Portuguese en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); compare em.

        Prefix

        en-

        2. en- (all meanings)

        Derived terms

        Portuguese terms prefixed with en-

        See also

        Spanish

        Alternative forms

        • em- (before b or p)

        Etymology

        Inherited from Old Spanish en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.

        Prefix

        en-

        1. en- (all meanings) (clarification of this definition is needed)

        Derived terms

        Spanish terms prefixed with en-

        See also

        Further reading

        Tocharian A

        Etymology

        Related to Tocharian B en-, either borrowed into or from Tocharian A. Of uncertain origin, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European, cognate with Ancient Greek αあるふぁἶνος (aînos, “story, tale”).

        Verb

        en-

        1. to instruct, teach
        2. to punish

        Tocharian B

        Etymology

        Related to Tocharian A en-, either borrowed into or from Tocharian B. Of uncertain origin, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European, cognate with Ancient Greek αあるふぁἶνος (aînos, “story, tale”).

        Verb

        en-

        1. to instruct, teach
        2. to punish

        Derived terms

        Further reading

        • Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “en-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 87

        Welsh

        Alternative forms

        Pronunciation

        Prefix

        en-

        1. affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word
          ‎en- + ‎mawr (“big”) → ‎enfawr (“huge”)
          ‎en- + ‎pyd (“danger”) → ‎enbyd (“dangerous, exceeding, pressing”)

        Derived terms

        Welsh terms prefixed with en-

        Mutation

        Welsh mutation
        radical soft nasal h-prothesis
        en- unchanged unchanged hen-
        Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

        References

        R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “en-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

        Xhosa

        Etymology

        (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

        Prefix

        en-

        1. Class 9 adjective concord.

        Usage notes

        The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).

        Zulu

        Etymology

        From a- (“relative”) +‎ n- (“class 9 basic noun prefix”).

        Prefix

        ḗn-

        1. Class 9 adjective concord.

        Usage notes

        The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).

        References

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