tir

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tir"

Translingual

Symbol

tir

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Tigrinya.

Breton

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *tir, from Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. "dry land" as opposed to lake or sea.

Noun

tir m (plural tirioù)

1. land

Inflection

  Mutation of tir  

Breton consonant mutation
	unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard
singular	tir	dir	zir	unchanged
plural	tirioù	dirioù	zirioù	unchanged

Catalan

Etymology

Deverbal from tirar (“to shoot”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈtir]

Noun

tir m (plural tirs)

1. shot
2. shooting (sport)

Derived terms

• tir amb arc
• tir olímpic

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *tir, from Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. "dry land" as opposed to lake or sea.

Noun

tir m (plural tiryow)

1. land, earth

French

Etymology

Deverbal from tirer (“to shoot”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiʁ/

• Audio; “un tir”:

  (file)

Noun

tir m (plural tirs)

1. shot, shooting (of a weapon) [from 1660]

   tir précis ― precise shot

   tir au canon ― cannon firing

   tir à l’arc ― archery

2. shooting (sport)
3. shooting range [from 1826]
   • 1854, Gérard de Nerval, “Angélique”, in Les Filles du feu [The Daughters of Fire]:

     Un tir a été établi pour les archers dans un des fossés qui se rapprochent de la ville.

     A range was set up for the archers in one of the ditches that approach the city.

4. blasting (in mines)

Derived terms

• banquette de tir
• champ de tir
• corriger le tir
• fenêtre de tir
• rectifier le tir
• stand de tir
• tir à l’arc
• tir ami
• tir de barrage
• tir de semonce
• tir de sommation
• tir de suppression
• tir parthe
• tirer
• tirs au but

 

Descendants

• → Belarusian: цір (cir)
• → Russian: тир (tir)
• → Ukrainian: тир (tyr)

Further reading

• “tir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• rit, rît
• tri

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɪr/
• Rhymes: -tir

Etymology 1

From Malay tir; ultimately from Tamil தேர் (tēr).

Noun

tir (plural tir-tir, first-person possessive tirku, second-person possessive tirmu, third-person possessive tirnya)

1. (chess) rook; castle

   Synonym: benteng

2. (chess) bishop

Alternative forms

• tar
• ter

Etymology 2

Noun

tir (plural tir-tir, first-person possessive tirku, second-person possessive tirmu, third-person possessive tirnya)

1. alternative spelling of tar (“tar”)

Further reading

• “tir” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From Tamil தேர் (tēr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [te(r)]
• Rhymes: -ir

Noun

tir (Jawi spelling تير, plural tir-tir, informal 1st possessive tirku, 2nd possessive tirmu, 3rd possessive tirnya)

1. (sports) The rook or castle piece in chess.

   Synonym: benteng

Descendants

• Indonesian: tir

Further reading

• “tir” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Old Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *tīros.

Noun

tir

1. land

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *tīraz, from Proto-Indo-European *dey-.

Cognate with Old Norse tírr (“glory, honour”) and Old Saxon tīr (“glory, renown”). Compare Proto-Germanic *tiari- (“neat, splendid”), whence Old High German ziari (“neat, beautiful, splendid”), Old High German zierī (German Zier (“splendour, beauty”)), German zieren (“to decorate”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiːr/

Noun

tīr m

1. fame; glory; honour

Declension

Declension of tīr (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	tīr	tīras
accusative	tīr	tīras
genitive	tīres	tīra
dative	tīre	tīrum

Derived terms

• tīrēadīg
• tīrfæst
• tīrfruma
• tīrlēas
• tīrmeahtiġ

Descendants

• Middle English: tir

Old Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *tir, from Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. “dry land” as opposed to lake or sea. Cognates include Latin terra, German dürr, English thirst.

Noun

tir m

1. land

Descendants

• Welsh: tir

Polish

Etymology

From blue-and-white plates with the French initialism TIR (“Transports Internationaux Routiers”), which are put on vehicles matching the requirements of the TIR Convention.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tir/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ir
• Syllabification: tir

Noun

tir m animal

1. articulated lorry

Declension

Declension of tir

	singular	plural
nominative	tir	tiry
genitive	tira	tirów
dative	tirowi	tirom
accusative	tira	tiry
instrumental	tirem	tirami
locative	tirze	tirach
vocative	tirze	tiry

Further reading

• tir in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• tir in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Rohingya

Alternative forms

• 𐴃𐴞𐴌 (tir) — Hanifi Rohingya script

Etymology

From Bengali তীর (tir), from Persian تیر (tir).

Noun

tir (Hanifi spelling 𐴃𐴞𐴌)

1. arrow

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French tir.

Noun

tir n (uncountable)

1. shooting (of a weapon)

Declension

declension of tir (singular only)

	singular
n gender	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) tir	tirul
genitive/dative	(unui) tir	tirului
vocative	tirule

Sumerian

Romanization

tir

1. Romanization of 𒌁 (tir)

Tatar

Noun

tir

1. sweat

Waigali

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tíɾ/

Adjective

tir

1. true

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh tir, from Old Welsh tir, from Proto-Brythonic *tir, from Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. "dry land" as opposed to lake or sea.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiːr/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iːr

Noun

tir m (plural tiroedd)

1. land

Derived terms

• abatir (“abbey land”)
• ardir (“arable land, tillage”)
• blaendir (“foreground”)
• Canoldir (“Mediterranean”)
• cefndir (“background”)
• coetir (“woodland”)
• corstir (“marshland”)
• crastir (“parched land”)
• crindir (“parched land”)
• culdir (“isthmus”)
• cyfandir (“continent”)
• cyffindir (“frontier, ecotone”)
• cytir (“common”)
• diffeithdir (“wasteland”)
• ffendir (“fenland”)
• Ffindir (“Finland”)
• glastir (“pasture land, sward”)
• gwastatir (“level, plain”)
• gwlyptir (“wetland”)
• Iseldiroedd (“Netherlands”)
• llwyfandir (“plateau”)
• maestir (“open country”)
• mawndir (“peatland”)
• milltir (“mile”)
• mynydd-dir (“mountain land, hill country”)
• peithdir (“pampa”)
• pentir (“headland”)
• rhandir (“division, allotment”)
• rhostir (“moorland, heathland”)
• Swistir (“Switzerland”)
• tir agored (“champion land”)
• tir ar rent (“fief”)
• tir âr (“ploughland, arable land”)
• tir breiniol (“franchise”)
• tir bwrdais (“burgage”)
• tir caeedig (“enclosure, enclosed land”)
• tir comin (“common land”)
• tir diffaith (“wasteland”)
• tir eglwys (“glebe”)
• tir esgob (“bishopland”)
• tir ffermio (“farmland”)
• tir glas (“greenfield”)
• tir llan (“glebe”)
• tir mawr (“mainland”)
• tir neb (“no-man's land”)
• tir oer (“tierra fria”)
• tir poeth (“tierra caliente”)
• tir pori (“pasture, grazing land”)
• tir prysg (“scrubland”)
• tir rhydd-ddaliol (“freehold land”)
• tir rhyngafonol (“interfluve”)
• tir rhywiog (“tilth”)
• tir tro (“tillage”)
• tir tymherus (“tierra templada”)
• tir y goron (“crown land”)
• tir ymylol (“marginal land”)
• tir ysgol (“school ground”)
• ucheldir (“highland”)

 

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
tir	dir	nhir	thir
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tir”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies