しむ
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Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Alternative spellings |
---|
From Old Japanese.
Suffix
[edit]- (archaic, after
未然 形 (mizenkei) stem)- Forming causative forms of verbs: to make (someone do)
- 1945, Hirohito, Jewel Voice Broadcast
朕 ハ帝 國 政 府 ヲシテ米 英 支 蘇 四 國 ニ對 シ其ノ共 同 宣 言 ヲ受諾 スル旨 通 告 セシメタリ- Chin wa teikoku seifu o shite Bei Ei Shi So shikoku ni taishi sono kyōdō sengen o judaku suru mune tsūkoku seshimetari
- We have ordered our government to communicate to the governments of the United States, Great Britain, China and the Soviet Union that our empire accepts the provisions of their joint declaration.
- An honorific or humble suffix.
- Forming causative forms of verbs: to make (someone do)
Conjugation
[edit]Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis ( |
しめ | sime | |
Continuative ( |
しめ | sime | |
Terminal ( |
しむ | simu | |
Attributive ( |
しむる | simuru | |
Realis ( |
しむれ | simure | |
Imperative ( |
しめよ | simeyo | |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | しめず | simezu | |
Contrasting conjunction | しむれど | simuredo | |
Causal conjunction | しむれば | simureba | |
Conditional conjunction | しめば | simeba | |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | しめき | simeki | |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | しめけり | simekeri | |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | しめつ | simetu | |
Perfect tense (natural event) | しめぬ | simenu | |
Perfect-continuative tense | しめたり | simetari | |
Volitional | しめむ | simemu |
Derived terms
[edit]- しめる (-shimeru, modern form)
See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Shift from earlier しも (-shimo).
Prevalent in Late Middle Japanese literature.
Suffix
[edit]- (obsolete, after
未然 形 (mizenkei) stem of quadrigrade or na-row irregular verbs) to respectfully do
See also
[edit]Old Japanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix
[edit]しむ (-simu)