極きわめる

Japanese

Kanji in this term
極ごく
きわ Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
窮きわめる

Etymology 1

From classical verb 極ごくむ (kiwamu), itself from 際さい (kiwa, “edge, brink”) + verb-forming suffix む (mu, “seems like, having that quality”, see also related classical suffix ぶ (bu) and modern derivative びる (biru)).

Development

Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下した二に段だん活用かつよう (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下した一いち段だん活用かつよう (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Verb

極ごく(きわ)める • (kiwameru) ^{←きはめる (kifameru)?}transitive ichidan (stem 極ごく(きわ)め (kiwame), past 極ごく(きわ)めた (kiwameta))

Japanese verb pair
active	極きわめる
mediopassive	極きわまる

1. to carry to extremes, carry to the end

Conjugation

Conjugation of "極きわめる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	極きめ	きわめ	kiwame
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	極きめ	きわめ	kiwame
Shūshikei ("terminal")	極きわめる	きわめる	kiwameru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	極きわめる	きわめる	kiwameru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	極きわめれ	きわめれ	kiwamere
Meireikei ("imperative")	極きわめよ¹ 極きわめろ²	きわめよ¹ きわめろ²	kiwameyo¹ kiwamero²
Key constructions
Passive	極きわめられる	きわめられる	kiwamerareru
Causative	極きわめさせる 極きわめさす	きわめさせる きわめさす	kiwamesaseru kiwamesasu
Potential	極きわめられる 極きわめれる³	きわめられる きわめれる³	kiwamerareru kiwamereru³
Volitional	極きわめよう	きわめよう	kiwameyō
Negative	極きわめない 極きわめぬ 極きわめん	きわめない きわめぬ きわめん	kiwamenai kiwamenu kiwamen
Negative continuative	極きわめず	きわめず	kiwamezu
Formal	極きわめます	きわめます	kiwamemasu
Perfective	極きわめた	きわめた	kiwameta
Conjunctive	極きわめて	きわめて	kiwamete
Hypothetical conditional	極きわめれば	きわめれば	kiwamereba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential

Derived terms

• 極ごく(きわ)めて (kiwamete)
• 極ごく(きわ)め付づけ(つ)き (kiwametsuki)
• 極ごく(きわ)め札さつ(ふだ) (kiwamefuda)
• 一いち(いち)極ごく(きわ)め (ichikiwame)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
極ごく
き Grade: 4
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 極きわめる – see the following entry.

【決けつきめる】 [verb] to make a choice between multiple alternatives, to decide [verb] to decide to do something: to do something on purpose [verb] to perform a maneuver, to carry out a tactical action [verb] to decide on an opinion: to believe in an opinion firmly [verb] to decide on a common course of action: to be accustomed to do, to do habitually [verb] to make an impressive or attractive physical appearance, usually by grooming oneself or making some unusual gestures Alternative spelling キメる

(This term, 極きわめる, is an alternative spelling (less common) of the above term.)