-oa

See also: Appendix:Variations of "oa"

Classical Nahuatl

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈoa/
• Rhymes: -oa

Suffix

-oa

1. (transitive) Instrumental verbal suffix; usually, but not exclusively, appended to nouns to create verbs. Transitive counterpart of -ihui.

Derived terms

Classical Nahuatl terms suffixed with -oa

Finnish

Etymology

Conflated:

• from Proto-Finnic *-odak, from Proto-Uralic *-w- (as applied to stems ending in -a-, compare -o).
• from Proto-Finnic *-oidak, from Proto-Uralic *-j- (as applied to stems ending in -a-, compare -o; the -o- is a re-extraction from the suffix being applied to stems ending in -a which was labialized by -j).

Suffix

-oa (front vowel harmony variant -öä, stem -o-, linguistic notation -O- or -OA)

1. Forms frequentative and continuative verbs, primarily from nouns or verbs ending in -ta or -ata, but also from adverbs.

Conjugation

Inflection of -oa (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-on	en -o	1st sing.	olen -onut	en ole -onut
2nd sing.		-ot	et -o	2nd sing.	olet -onut	et ole -onut
3rd sing.		-oo	ei -o	3rd sing.	on -onut	ei ole -onut
1st plur.		-omme	emme -o	1st plur.	olemme -oneet	emme ole -oneet
2nd plur.		-otte	ette -o	2nd plur.	olette -oneet	ette ole -oneet
3rd plur.		-ovat	eivät -o	3rd plur.	ovat -oneet	eivät ole -oneet
passive		-otaan	ei -ota	passive	on -ottu	ei ole -ottu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-oin	en -onut	1st sing.	olin -onut	en ollut -onut
2nd sing.		-oit	et -onut	2nd sing.	olit -onut	et ollut -onut
3rd sing.		-oi	ei -onut	3rd sing.	oli -onut	ei ollut -onut
1st plur.		-oimme	emme -oneet	1st plur.	olimme -oneet	emme olleet -oneet
2nd plur.		-oitte	ette -oneet	2nd plur.	olitte -oneet	ette olleet -oneet
3rd plur.		-oivat	eivät -oneet	3rd plur.	olivat -oneet	eivät olleet -oneet
passive		-ottiin	ei -ottu	passive	oli -ottu	ei ollut -ottu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-oisin	en -oisi	1st sing.	olisin -onut	en olisi -onut
2nd sing.		-oisit	et -oisi	2nd sing.	olisit -onut	et olisi -onut
3rd sing.		-oisi	ei -oisi	3rd sing.	olisi -onut	ei olisi -onut
1st plur.		-oisimme	emme -oisi	1st plur.	olisimme -oneet	emme olisi -oneet
2nd plur.		-oisitte	ette -oisi	2nd plur.	olisitte -oneet	ette olisi -oneet
3rd plur.		-oisivat	eivät -oisi	3rd plur.	olisivat -oneet	eivät olisi -oneet
passive		-ottaisiin	ei -ottaisi	passive	olisi -ottu	ei olisi -ottu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		-o	älä -o	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		-okoon	älköön -oko	3rd sing.	olkoon -onut	älköön olko -onut
1st plur.		-okaamme	älkäämme -oko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		-okaa	älkää -oko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		-okoot	älkööt -oko	3rd plur.	olkoot -oneet	älkööt olko -oneet
passive		-ottakoon	älköön -ottako	passive	olkoon -ottu	älköön olko -ottu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-onen	en -one	1st sing.	lienen -onut	en liene -onut
2nd sing.		-onet	et -one	2nd sing.	lienet -onut	et liene -onut
3rd sing.		-onee	ei -one	3rd sing.	lienee -onut	ei liene -onut
1st plur.		-onemme	emme -one	1st plur.	lienemme -oneet	emme liene -oneet
2nd plur.		-onette	ette -one	2nd plur.	lienette -oneet	ette liene -oneet
3rd plur.		-onevat	eivät -one	3rd plur.	lienevät -oneet	eivät liene -oneet
passive		-ottaneen	ei -ottane	passive	lienee -ottu	ei liene -ottu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		-oa		present	-ova	-ottava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st -oakseni -oaksemme 2nd -oaksesi -oaksenne 3rd -oakseen -oaksensa		past	-onut	-ottu
2nd	inessive2	-oessa	-ottaessa	agent3	-oma
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st -oessani -oessamme 2nd -oessasi -oessanne 3rd -oessaan -oessansa		negative	-omaton
	instructive	-oen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. 4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
3rd	inessive	-omassa	—
	elative	-omasta	—
	illative	-omaan	—
	adessive	-omalla	—
	abessive	-omatta	—
	instructive	-oman	-ottaman
4th4	verbal noun	-ominen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st -omaisillani -omaisillamme 2nd -omaisillasi -omaisillanne 3rd -omaisillaan -omaisillansa

Note that if the stem has gradation, it is (almost always) preserved.

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -oa

• -ota

 

Anagrams

• ao.

Swahili

Suffix

-oa

1. mid vowel variant of -ua