Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ten-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ten- (perfective)^[1]^[2]^[3]

to stretch, to extend
Synonym: *temp-

Extensions

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ten- (20 c, 0 e)

*tn̥-néw-ti ~ *tn̥-nw-énti (new-present)^[2]^[4]^[5]
*tén-t ~ *tn-ént (athematic root aorist)
- Proto-Celtic: *tenti
  - Old Irish: téit
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hátant
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hátant
    - Sanskrit: अतन् (átan)
*te-tón-e ~ *te-tn-ḗr (stative)^[2]^[6]^[7]
*ti-tn̥-yé-ti
- Proto-Hellenic: *titə́ňňō
  - Ancient Greek: τιταίνω (titaínō)
*tn̥-é-ti (innovative zero-grade, thematic present)^[2]^[8]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tintei
  - Latvian: tît
  - Lithuanian: tìnti
*tén-ye-ti (innovative ye-present)^[2]^[9]^[10]^[11]
- Proto-Albanian: *en-tenja
  - Albanian: ndej
- Proto-Hellenic: *téňňō
  - Ancient Greek: τείνω (teínō)
*ton-éye-ti (causative)^[2]^[12]
*tn̥-éh₁-(ye)-ti (stative)^[2]^[6]^[13]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tenḗˀtei
  - Lithuanian: tenė́ti (“thicken; clot”)
- Proto-Germanic:
  - Old High German: donēn
- Proto-Italic: *tenēō
  - Faliscan: 𐌕𐌄𐌍𐌄𐌕 (tenet)
  - Latin: teneō (see there for further descendants)
  - Umbrian: 𐌕𐌄𐌍𐌉𐌕𐌖 (tenitu)
*tén-os ~ *tén-es-^[3]^[11]^[6]
*tén-tis^[3]^[14]
*tén-tlo-m, *tn̥-tló-s^[3]^[15]^[16]^[17]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tintla-
  - Latvian: tìkls
  - Lithuanian: tiñklas
  - ⇒ Old Prussian: sasintinklo
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tántram
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tántram
    - Sanskrit: तन्त्र (tántra)^[18] (see there for further descendants)
  - Proto-Iranian: *tánθしーたram^[18] ~ *tā́nθしーたram^[12]
    - Persian: تار (târ)
      - Tajik: тор (tor)
    - Yidgha: [script needed] (tūr)
    - Pashto: تور (tōr)
*tén-tu-s ~ *tn̥-téw-s^[3]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tántuš
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tántuṣ
    - Sanskrit: तन्तु (tántu)
- Proto-Italic: *tentos
  - Latin: tentus (see there for further descendants)
*ton-sl-i^[19]
- Proto-Italic: *tonslis
  - Latin: tōlēs, tonsillae
*tón-os^[3]^[11]^[20]
*tn̥-néh₂^[3]^[21]
*-tn̥-nó-s, *-tn̥-nis (suffix denoting extent of time)^[22]
*tn̥-tós^[3]^[23]
Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Slavic: *tenetò (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1065f
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 626-627
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 ^3.6 ^3.7 Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 690-694
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τάνυται”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1450
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 369
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “teneō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 612-613
^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 377
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 467–468
^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “ndej ~ ndêj”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 283
^ Demiraj, B. (1997) “ndej”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎^[1] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 284
↑ ^11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τείνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1457-1458
↑ ^12.0 ^12.1 Abajev, V. I. (1979) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, pages 262, 301–303
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 464
^ Adams, Douglas Q. (1999) “tant*”, in A dictionary of Tocharian B (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 467
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tenetò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 490
^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 690–694
↑ ^18.0 ^18.1 Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 622f
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “tōlēs”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 621
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 458
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 367
^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 281–282
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 369–370

[IEW-1] Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1065f

[LIV_*ten--2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 626-627

[LIN_*ten--3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 ^3.6 ^3.7 Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 690-694

[Beekes_τάνυται-4] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τάνυται”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1450

[5] Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 369

[DV_teneo-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “teneō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 612-613

[Cheung_*tan-7] Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 377

[8] Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 467–468

[9] Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “ndej ~ ndêj”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 283

[10] Demiraj, B. (1997) “ndej”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎^[1] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 284

[Beekes_τείνω-11] 11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τείνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1457-1458

[Abaev-12] 12.0 ^12.1 Abajev, V. I. (1979) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, pages 262, 301–303

[13] Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 464

[14] Adams, Douglas Q. (1999) “tant*”, in A dictionary of Tocharian B (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN

[15] Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 467

[16] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tenetò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 490

[LIN-17] Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 690–694

[EWAia-18] 18.0 ^18.1 Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 622f

[19] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “tōlēs”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 621

[20] Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 458

[21] Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 367

[22] Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 281–282

[23] Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 369–370

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ten-

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Proto-Indo-European

Root

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Derived terms

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ten-

Proto-Indo-European

Root

Extensions

Derived terms

References

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