humilis
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Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From humus + -ilis. The resemblance to Ancient Greek χθαμαλός (khthamalós) is cognate, but probably accidental, and not sufficient to assume a direct inheritance from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰemelo- (a derivative from *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”)). Compare also Middle English dingle (“depression, hollow”) (from Old English *dyngel).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈhu.mi.lis/, [ˈhʊmɪlʲɪs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈu.mi.lis/, [ˈuːmilis]
Adjective
[edit]humilis (neuter humile, comparative humilior, superlative humillimus, adverb humiliter); third-declension two-termination adjective
- low, lowly, small, slight; shallow
- (in respect to birth, fortune or worth) base, mean, humble, obscure, poor, needy, insignificant, low
- short, not tall (of physical stature)
- submissive, abject; (post-Classical) humble (of mind or character)
- mean, without elevation (of language)
Declension
[edit]Third-declension two-termination adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | |
Nominative | humilis | humile | humilēs | humilia | |
Genitive | humilis | humilium | |||
Dative | humilī | humilibus | |||
Accusative | humilem | humile | humilēs humilīs |
humilia | |
Ablative | humilī | humilibus | |||
Vocative | humilis | humile | humilēs | humilia |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Descendants
- Catalan: humil
- Old Franco-Provençal: humil
- Franco-Provençal: humil
- Old French: humble, umble
- Galician: humilde
- → Old Irish: umal
- Italian: umile
- Occitan: umil
- Portuguese: húmil, húmile, humilde
- Romanian: umil
- Spanish: humil, humilde
- → Proto-Brythonic: *u
β ̃ɨl - Translingual: Chrysojasminum humile (syn. Jasminum humile)
References
[edit]- “humilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “humilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- humilis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to study the commonplace: cogitationes in res humiles abicere (De Amic. 9. 32) (Opp. alte spectare, ad altiora tendere, altum, magnificum, divinum suspicere)
- to be cast down, discouraged, in despair: animo esse humili, demisso (more strongly animo esse fracto, perculso et abiecto) (Att. 3. 2)
- of humble, obscure origin: humili, obscuro loco natus
- of humble, obscure origin: humilibus (obscuris) parentibus natus
- to study the commonplace: cogitationes in res humiles abicere (De Amic. 9. 32) (Opp. alte spectare, ad altiora tendere, altum, magnificum, divinum suspicere)
- humilis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Souter, Alexander (1949) “humilis”, in A Glossary of Later Latin to 600 A.D.[2], 1st edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, published 1957, page 177
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “humus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 292
Categories:
- Latin terms suffixed with -ilis
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 3-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin adjectives
- Latin third declension adjectives
- Latin third declension adjectives of two terminations
- Post-classical Latin
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook