liman
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Limans_black_sea_coast.jpeg/220px-Limans_black_sea_coast.jpeg)
From Russian лима́н (limán) or Ukrainian лима́н (lymán), from Turkic, compare Turkish liman (“port, harbor”). Ultimately from Ancient Greek λιμήν (limḗn, “harbor”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]liman (plural limans)
- A wide estuary formed as a lagoon at the mouth of one or more rivers, where flow is constrained by a bar of sediments (created by either the current of a sea or a sediment-saturated river), especially in the Black Sea region.
- 1918, Stephen Rudnicki, Ukraine, the Land and Its People: An Introduction to Its Geography, page 19:
- Only at a point where a river, a streamlet, even a balka (step-glen, ravine) opens into the sea, is the steep incline of the steppe-plateau broken. […] This sea-water lake is called liman in Ukrainian. Wherever a stream of great volume empties into a liman, the bar is severed at one or more places.
- 1993 December 15, Danylo Husar Struk, Encyclopedia of Ukraine: Volume V: St-Z, University of Toronto Press, →ISBN:
- Its rising provided conditions for the formation of liman valleys along the coast. As well, meltwaters from the ice cap produced ponding, with excess water that either spilled over the low points of divides or flowed along the ice […]
- 2016 September 28, Ruben Kosyan, The Diversity of Russian Estuaries and Lagoons Exposed to Human Influence, Springer, →ISBN, page 123:
- Fig.5.12 The Akhtanizovsky liman delta arm
[…] certain limans, particularly those fed by river water, continued to decline naturally, whereas the square area of swamps, contrastingly, continued to increase. The first significant anthropogenic changes in the size and natural regime of the limans and flooded areas were initially connected with artificial changes in flow direction […]
Usage notes
[edit]- Because liman mud was sometimes used therapeutically, some English dictionaries beginning in the 1870s have incorrectly defined liman as alluvial (estuarine/deltal) slime rather than the estuary itself that deposits the slime, sometimes deriving the word from French limon (“silt”) rather than from Russian; this is a ghost sense.
Translations
[edit]
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Further reading
[edit]- “liman”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Anagrams
[edit]Azerbaijani
[edit]Cyrillic | лиман | |
---|---|---|
Abjad | لیمان |
Etymology
[edit]Ultimately from Byzantine Greek λιμένιον (liménion), from Ancient Greek λιμήν (limḗn).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]liman (definite accusative limanı, plural limanlar)
Declension
[edit]Declension of liman | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | liman |
limanlar | ||||||
definite accusative | limanı |
limanları | ||||||
dative | limana |
limanlara | ||||||
locative | limanda |
limanlarda | ||||||
ablative | limandan |
limanlardan | ||||||
definite genitive | limanın |
limanların |
Derived terms
[edit]- hava limanı (“airport”)
Crimean Tatar
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Byzantine Greek λιμένιον (liménion), from Ancient Greek λιμήν (limḗn).
Noun
[edit]liman
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | liman | limanlar |
genitive | limannıñ | limanlarnıñ |
dative | limanğa | limanlarğa |
accusative | limannı | limanlarnı |
locative | limanda | limanlarda |
ablative | limandan | limanlardan |
References
[edit]- Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary][1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN
- “liman”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)
Esperanto
[edit]Adjective
[edit]liman
Finnish
[edit]Noun
[edit]liman
Anagrams
[edit]Galician
[edit]Verb
[edit]liman
Hausa
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic إِمَام (ʔimām).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]lī̀mân m (plural lī̀mā̀mai, possessed form lī̀māmìn)
Indonesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Affixed lima (“five”) + -an, inherited from Malay liman (“elephant”), from Javanese ꦭꦶꦩꦤ꧀ (liman), from Old Javanese liman.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]liman (plural liman-liman, first-person possessive limanku, second-person possessive limanmu, third-person possessive limannya)
Further reading
[edit]- “liman” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Javanese
[edit]Romanization
[edit]liman
- Romanization of ꦭꦶꦩꦤ꧀
Malay
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Javanese ꦭꦶꦩꦤ꧀ (liman), possibly from lima + -an; related to Proto-Chamic *lamaːn[1] (compare Jarai rơman, Western Cham limân, Rade êman). Doublet of leman.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]liman (Jawi spelling ليمن, plural liman-liman, informal 1st possessive limanku, 2nd possessive limanmu, 3rd possessive limannya)
Descendants
[edit]- Indonesian: liman
References
[edit]- Wilkinson, Richard James. An Abridged Malay-English Dictionary. Macmillan. 1965.
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “ليمن leman”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 629
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “liman”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume II, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 58
Further reading
[edit]- “liman” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Old Javanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unknown, probably lima + -an.
Noun
[edit]liman
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- "liman" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
Old Sundanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Javanese liman. Probably lima + -an.
Noun
[edit]liman
- elephant
- liman putih
- white elephant
- liman putih
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish لیمان (liman), from Byzantine Greek λιμένιον (liménion), from Ancient Greek λιμήν (limḗn).
Noun
[edit]liman n (plural limanuri)
- haven
- port, harbor
- Synonym: port
- bank
- Synonym: țărm
- lagoon
- Synonym: lagună
- estuary
- Synonym: estuar
- coast
- Synonym: coastă
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) liman | limanul | (niște) limanuri | limanurile |
genitive/dative | (unui) liman | limanului | (unor) limanuri | limanurilor |
vocative | limanule | limanurilor |
Spanish
[edit]Verb
[edit]liman
Tetum
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lima, from Proto-Austronesian *lima.
Noun
[edit]liman
Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ottoman Turkish لیمان (liman), from Byzantine Greek λιμένιον (liménion), from Ancient Greek λιμήν (limḗn).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]liman (definite accusative limanı, plural limanlar)
Declension
[edit]References
[edit]- “liman”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
- English terms borrowed from Russian
- English terms derived from Russian
- English terms borrowed from Ukrainian
- English terms derived from Ukrainian
- English terms derived from Turkic languages
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- en:Bodies of water
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Byzantine Greek
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Azerbaijani terms with IPA pronunciation
- Azerbaijani terms with audio links
- Azerbaijani lemmas
- Azerbaijani nouns
- az:Bodies of water
- Crimean Tatar terms derived from Byzantine Greek
- Crimean Tatar terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Crimean Tatar lemmas
- Crimean Tatar nouns
- Esperanto non-lemma forms
- Esperanto adjective forms
- Finnish non-lemma forms
- Finnish noun forms
- Galician non-lemma forms
- Galician verb forms
- Hausa terms borrowed from Arabic
- Hausa terms derived from Arabic
- Hausa terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hausa lemmas
- Hausa nouns
- Hausa masculine nouns
- ha:Islam
- Indonesian terms suffixed with -an
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Javanese
- Indonesian terms derived from Old Javanese
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/man
- Rhymes:Indonesian/man/2 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Indonesian terms with archaic senses
- Javanese non-lemma forms
- Javanese romanizations
- Malay terms borrowed from Javanese
- Malay terms derived from Javanese
- Malay terms suffixed with -an
- Malay doublets
- Malay 2-syllable words
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/iman
- Rhymes:Malay/man
- Rhymes:Malay/an
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- Malay terms with archaic senses
- ms:Elephants
- Old Javanese terms with unknown etymologies
- Old Javanese terms suffixed with -an
- Old Javanese lemmas
- Old Javanese nouns
- Old Sundanese terms derived from Old Javanese
- Old Sundanese lemmas
- Old Sundanese nouns
- Romanian terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish
- Romanian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Romanian terms derived from Byzantine Greek
- Romanian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- ro:Bodies of water
- ro:Landforms
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish verb forms
- Tetum terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tetum terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tetum terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Tetum terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Tetum lemmas
- Tetum nouns
- tet:Anatomy
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Byzantine Greek
- Turkish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Turkish/mɑn
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- tr:Bodies of water