skrapa

See also: skräpa

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from Swedish skrapa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈskrɑpɑ/, [ˈs̠krɑ̝pɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑpɑ
• Syllabification^(key): skra‧pa

Noun

skrapa (colloquial)

1. window scraper, glass scraper

Declension

Inflection of skrapa (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		skrapa	skrapat
genitive		skrapan	skrapojen
partitive		skrapaa	skrapoja
illative		skrapaan	skrapoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		skrapa	skrapat
accusative	nom.	skrapa	skrapat
	gen.	skrapan
genitive		skrapan	skrapojen skrapain rare
partitive		skrapaa	skrapoja
inessive		skrapassa	skrapoissa
elative		skrapasta	skrapoista
illative		skrapaan	skrapoihin
adessive		skrapalla	skrapoilla
ablative		skrapalta	skrapoilta
allative		skrapalle	skrapoille
essive		skrapana	skrapoina
translative		skrapaksi	skrapoiksi
abessive		skrapatta	skrapoitta
instructive		—	skrapoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of skrapa (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative skrapani skrapani accusative nom. skrapani skrapani gen. skrapani genitive skrapani skrapojeni skrapaini rare partitive skrapaani skrapojani inessive skrapassani skrapoissani elative skrapastani skrapoistani illative skrapaani skrapoihini adessive skrapallani skrapoillani ablative skrapaltani skrapoiltani allative skrapalleni skrapoilleni essive skrapanani skrapoinani translative skrapakseni skrapoikseni abessive skrapattani skrapoittani instructive — — comitative — skrapoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative skrapasi skrapasi accusative nom. skrapasi skrapasi gen. skrapasi genitive skrapasi skrapojesi skrapaisi rare partitive skrapaasi skrapojasi inessive skrapassasi skrapoissasi elative skrapastasi skrapoistasi illative skrapaasi skrapoihisi adessive skrapallasi skrapoillasi ablative skrapaltasi skrapoiltasi allative skrapallesi skrapoillesi essive skrapanasi skrapoinasi translative skrapaksesi skrapoiksesi abessive skrapattasi skrapoittasi instructive — — comitative — skrapoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative skrapamme skrapamme accusative nom. skrapamme skrapamme gen. skrapamme genitive skrapamme skrapojemme skrapaimme rare partitive skrapaamme skrapojamme inessive skrapassamme skrapoissamme elative skrapastamme skrapoistamme illative skrapaamme skrapoihimme adessive skrapallamme skrapoillamme ablative skrapaltamme skrapoiltamme allative skrapallemme skrapoillemme essive skrapanamme skrapoinamme translative skrapaksemme skrapoiksemme abessive skrapattamme skrapoittamme instructive — — comitative — skrapoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative skrapanne skrapanne accusative nom. skrapanne skrapanne gen. skrapanne genitive skrapanne skrapojenne skrapainne rare partitive skrapaanne skrapojanne inessive skrapassanne skrapoissanne elative skrapastanne skrapoistanne illative skrapaanne skrapoihinne adessive skrapallanne skrapoillanne ablative skrapaltanne skrapoiltanne allative skrapallenne skrapoillenne essive skrapananne skrapoinanne translative skrapaksenne skrapoiksenne abessive skrapattanne skrapoittanne instructive — — comitative — skrapoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative skrapansa skrapansa accusative nom. skrapansa skrapansa gen. skrapansa genitive skrapansa skrapojensa skrapainsa rare partitive skrapaansa skrapojaan skrapojansa inessive skrapassaan skrapassansa skrapoissaan skrapoissansa elative skrapastaan skrapastansa skrapoistaan skrapoistansa illative skrapaansa skrapoihinsa adessive skrapallaan skrapallansa skrapoillaan skrapoillansa ablative skrapaltaan skrapaltansa skrapoiltaan skrapoiltansa allative skrapalleen skrapallensa skrapoilleen skrapoillensa essive skrapanaan skrapanansa skrapoinaan skrapoinansa translative skrapakseen skrapaksensa skrapoikseen skrapoiksensa abessive skrapattaan skrapattansa skrapoittaan skrapoittansa instructive — — comitative — skrapoineen skrapoinensa

Further reading

• “skrapa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Icelandic

Verb

skrapa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative skrapaði, supine skrapað)

1. to scratch

Conjugation

skrapa — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að skrapa
supine (sagnbót)		skrapað
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		skrapandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég skrapa	við skröpum	present (nútíð)	ég skrapi	við skröpum
	þú skrapar	þið skrapið		þú skrapir	þið skrapið
	hann, hún, það skrapar	þeir, þær, þau skrapa		hann, hún, það skrapi	þeir, þær, þau skrapi
past (þátíð)	ég skrapaði	við skröpuðum	past (þátíð)	ég skrapaði	við skröpuðum
	þú skrapaðir	þið skröpuðuð		þú skrapaðir	þið skröpuðuð
	hann, hún, það skrapaði	þeir, þær, þau skröpuðu		hann, hún, það skrapaði	þeir, þær, þau skröpuðu
imperative (boðháttur)	skrapa (þú)	skrapið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	skrapaðu	skrapiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

skrapast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að skrapast
supine (sagnbót)		skrapast
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		skrapandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég skrapast	við skröpumst	present (nútíð)	ég skrapist	við skröpumst
	þú skrapast	þið skrapist		þú skrapist	þið skrapist
	hann, hún, það skrapast	þeir, þær, þau skrapast		hann, hún, það skrapist	þeir, þær, þau skrapist
past (þátíð)	ég skrapaðist	við skröpuðumst	past (þátíð)	ég skrapaðist	við skröpuðumst
	þú skrapaðist	þið skröpuðust		þú skrapaðist	þið skröpuðust
	hann, hún, það skrapaðist	þeir, þær, þau skröpuðust		hann, hún, það skrapaðist	þeir, þær, þau skröpuðust
imperative (boðháttur)	skrapast (þú)	skrapist (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	skrapastu	skrapisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

skrapaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	skrapaður	skröpuð	skrapað		skrapaðir	skrapaðar	skröpuð
accusative (þolfall)	skrapaðan	skrapaða	skrapað		skrapaða	skrapaðar	skröpuð
dative (þágufall)	skröpuðum	skrapaðri	skröpuðu		skröpuðum	skröpuðum	skröpuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	skrapaðs	skrapaðrar	skrapaðs		skrapaðra	skrapaðra	skrapaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	skrapaði	skrapaða	skrapaða		skröpuðu	skröpuðu	skröpuðu
accusative (þolfall)	skrapaða	skröpuðu	skrapaða		skröpuðu	skröpuðu	skröpuðu
dative (þágufall)	skrapaða	skröpuðu	skrapaða		skröpuðu	skröpuðu	skröpuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	skrapaða	skröpuðu	skrapaða		skröpuðu	skröpuðu	skröpuðu

Further reading

• “skrapa” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• skrapet
• skrapte (simple past)
• skrapt (past participle)

Verb

skrapa

1. inflection of skrape:
   1. simple past
   2. past participle

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• skrape (e infinitive)
• skråppå (dialectal)
• skrap (apocope, dialectal)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse skrapa

Verb

skrapa (present tense skrapar, past tense skrapa, past participle skrapa, passive infinitive skrapast, present participle skrapande, imperative skrapa/skrap)

1. to scrape, to scratch

Usage notes

• This is a split infinitive verb.

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skrapōną. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).

Verb

skrapa

1. to clatter
2. to prate
3. to scratch out

Conjugation

Conjugation of skrapa — active (weak class 2)

infinitive	skrapa
present participle	skrapandi
past participle	skrapaðr
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	skrapa	skrapaða
2nd-person singular	skrapar	skrapaðir
3rd-person singular	skrapar	skrapaði
1st-person plural	skrǫpum	skrǫpuðum
2nd-person plural	skrapið	skrǫpuðuð
3rd-person plural	skrapa	skrǫpuðu
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	skrapa	skrapaða
2nd-person singular	skrapir	skrapaðir
3rd-person singular	skrapi	skrapaði
1st-person plural	skrapim	skrapaðim
2nd-person plural	skrapið	skrapaðið
3rd-person plural	skrapi	skrapaði
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	skrapa
1st-person plural	skrǫpum
2nd-person plural	skrapið

Conjugation of skrapa — mediopassive (weak class 2)

infinitive	skrapask
present participle	skrapandisk
past participle	skrapazk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	skrǫpumk	skrǫpuðumk
2nd-person singular	skrapask	skrapaðisk
3rd-person singular	skrapask	skrapaðisk
1st-person plural	skrǫpumsk	skrǫpuðumsk
2nd-person plural	skrapizk	skrǫpuðuzk
3rd-person plural	skrapask	skrǫpuðusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	skrǫpumk	skrǫpuðumk
2nd-person singular	skrapisk	skrapaðisk
3rd-person singular	skrapisk	skrapaðisk
1st-person plural	skrapimsk	skrapaðimsk
2nd-person plural	skrapizk	skrapaðizk
3rd-person plural	skrapisk	skrapaðisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	skrapask
1st-person plural	skrǫpumsk
2nd-person plural	skrapizk

Descendants

• Icelandic: skrapa
• Norwegian Nynorsk: skrapa, skrape
• Norwegian Bokmål: skrape
• Swedish: skrapa
• Danish: skrabe

References

• “skrapa”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish skrapa, from Old Norse skrapa, from Proto-Germanic *skrapōną, *skrepaną, from Proto-Indo-European *skreb-, *skrep-.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

skrapa (present skrapar, preterite skrapade, supine skrapat, imperative skrapa)

1. to scrape, to scratch

   skrapa bort färg

   scrape off paint

   skrapa en skraplott

   scratch a scratch card

Conjugation

Conjugation of skrapa (weak)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	skrapa		skrapas
Supine	skrapat		skrapats
Imperative	skrapa		—
Imper. plural1	skrapen		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	skrapar	skrapade	skrapas	skrapades
Ind. plural1	skrapa	skrapade	skrapas	skrapades
Subjunctive2	skrape	skrapade	skrapes	skrapades
	Participles
Present participle	skrapande
Past participle	skrapad
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Noun

skrapa c

1. a scraper; a scratch
2. Short for skyskrapa.

Declension

Declension of skrapa

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	skrapa	skrapas
	definite	skrapan	skrapans
plural	indefinite	skrapor	skrapors
	definite	skraporna	skrapornas

Derived terms

• skraplott (“scratch card, scratch-off”)

References

• skrapa in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• skrapa in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• skrapa in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• Kaspar, skapar, skarpa, sparka