Demografía de Chad
Este artículo hace referencia a la descripción de la demografía de Chad
Población
[editar]Para el 2022, Chad tiene una población de 17,963,211 habitantes. La mitad se concentra en el sur. En el norte sólo habitan grupos nómadas. Los musulmanes son el 50%, el 43% tiene creencias tradicionales y el 7% es cristiano. Los idiomas oficiales son el francés y el árabe, aunque se hablan más de 120 lenguas y dialectos. La esperanza de vida es de 47 años. El promedio de hijos por mujer es de 5,56, una de las tasas más altas del mundo, lo cual provoca un incremento de la población muy elevado. El 47.5% de la población está alfabetizada.
Estadísticas vitales
[editar]| Nacidos vivos por año | Muertes por año | Cambio natural por año | CBR | CDR | NC | TFR | IMR | Expectativa de vida | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 117,000 | 70,000 | 47,000 | 46.7 | 27.8 | 18.9 | 6.06 | 197.6 | 36.21 |
| 1951 | 119,000 | 72,000 | 47,000 | 46.5 | 28.1 | 18.4 | 6.07 | 196.5 | 36.34 |
| 1952 | 121,000 | 73,000 | 48,000 | 46.4 | 28.1 | 18.3 | 6.09 | 194.4 | 36.50 |
| 1953 | 123,000 | 74,000 | 49,000 | 46.4 | 27.9 | 18.5 | 6.11 | 192.3 | 36.84 |
| 1954 | 125,000 | 75,000 | 50,000 | 46.3 | 27.7 | 18.5 | 6.13 | 190.3 | 37.03 |
| 1955 | 127,000 | 76,000 | 51,000 | 46.2 | 27.6 | 18.6 | 6.15 | 188.3 | 37.21 |
| 1956 | 130,000 | 77,000 | 53,000 | 46.1 | 27.3 | 18.8 | 6.17 | 186.3 | 37.45 |
| 1957 | 132,000 | 78,000 | 54,000 | 46.0 | 27.1 | 18.9 | 6.19 | 184.3 | 37.66 |
| 1958 | 134,000 | 78,000 | 56,000 | 45.9 | 26.8 | 19.1 | 6.21 | 182.3 | 37.94 |
| 1959 | 136,000 | 79,000 | 57,000 | 45.9 | 26.5 | 19.3 | 6.23 | 180.3 | 38.19 |
| 1960 | 139,000 | 80,000 | 59,000 | 45.7 | 26.3 | 19.4 | 6.25 | 178.4 | 38.37 |
| 1961 | 141,000 | 80,000 | 61,000 | 45.7 | 26.0 | 19.6 | 6.27 | 176.5 | 38.63 |
| 1962 | 144,000 | 81,000 | 62,000 | 45.6 | 25.8 | 19.8 | 6.29 | 174.6 | 38.84 |
| 1963 | 146,000 | 82,000 | 64,000 | 45.5 | 25.6 | 19.9 | 6.30 | 172.8 | 39.07 |
| 1964 | 149,000 | 83,000 | 66,000 | 45.4 | 25.3 | 20.2 | 6.32 | 171.0 | 39.33 |
| 1965 | 152,000 | 85,000 | 67,000 | 45.4 | 25.4 | 20.0 | 6.34 | 169.7 | 39.12 |
| 1966 | 155,000 | 86,000 | 69,000 | 45.4 | 25.3 | 20.2 | 6.36 | 166.8 | 39.15 |
| 1967 | 158,000 | 87,000 | 71,000 | 45.6 | 25.0 | 20.6 | 6.39 | 164.2 | 39.48 |
| 1968 | 162,000 | 87,000 | 75,000 | 45.8 | 24.6 | 21.2 | 6.43 | 161.3 | 39.90 |
| 1969 | 166,000 | 88,000 | 79,000 | 46.2 | 24.3 | 21.9 | 6.48 | 158.3 | 40.27 |
| 1970 | 172,000 | 88,000 | 83,000 | 46.7 | 24.1 | 22.6 | 6.53 | 155.2 | 40.60 |
| 1971 | 177,000 | 92,000 | 85,000 | 47.2 | 24.4 | 22.7 | 6.58 | 153.5 | 40.19 |
| 1972 | 188,000 | 90,000 | 97,000 | 49.0 | 23.6 | 25.4 | 6.85 | 149.1 | 41.40 |
| 1973 | 192,000 | 92,000 | 100,000 | 49.0 | 23.5 | 25.5 | 6.87 | 148.7 | 41.78 |
| 1974 | 196,000 | 94,000 | 102,000 | 48.8 | 23.5 | 25.4 | 6.86 | 147.8 | 41.79 |
| 1975 | 200,000 | 96,000 | 104,000 | 48.7 | 23.4 | 25.4 | 6.88 | 147.0 | 41.87 |
| 1976 | 203,000 | 97,000 | 107,000 | 48.6 | 23.1 | 25.5 | 6.89 | 145.5 | 42.04 |
| 1977 | 206,000 | 98,000 | 109,000 | 48.4 | 22.9 | 25.5 | 6.90 | 144.6 | 42.26 |
| 1978 | 209,000 | 98,000 | 111,000 | 48.2 | 22.7 | 25.5 | 6.89 | 143.6 | 42.50 |
| 1979 | 212,000 | 99,000 | 113,000 | 48.1 | 22.4 | 25.7 | 6.91 | 142.6 | 42.81 |
| 1980 | 218,000 | 100,000 | 118,000 | 48.2 | 22.1 | 26.1 | 6.91 | 141.4 | 43.06 |
| 1981 | 205,000 | 97,000 | 108,000 | 46.3 | 21.9 | 24.5 | 6.94 | 141.0 | 43.31 |
| 1982 | 212,000 | 97,000 | 115,000 | 46.9 | 21.4 | 25.5 | 6.96 | 139.5 | 43.73 |
| 1983 | 242,000 | 102,000 | 140,000 | 49.8 | 21.1 | 28.8 | 6.98 | 138.0 | 44.18 |
| 1984 | 252,000 | 105,000 | 147,000 | 50.4 | 21.0 | 29.4 | 7.02 | 136.2 | 44.52 |
| 1985 | 245,000 | 103,000 | 142,000 | 49.3 | 20.7 | 28.5 | 7.04 | 135.0 | 45.05 |
| 1986 | 252,000 | 104,000 | 148,000 | 49.4 | 20.4 | 28.9 | 7.07 | 132.1 | 45.21 |
| 1987 | 268,000 | 116,000 | 153,000 | 50.7 | 21.8 | 28.8 | 7.11 | 130.4 | 42.80 |
| 1988 | 283,000 | 110,000 | 173,000 | 51.7 | 20.2 | 31.5 | 7.15 | 128.9 | 45.79 |
| 1989 | 295,000 | 114,000 | 182,000 | 52.1 | 20.1 | 32.0 | 7.19 | 127.0 | 45.88 |
| 1990 | 307,000 | 121,000 | 185,000 | 52.4 | 20.7 | 31.6 | 7.22 | 125.3 | 44.69 |
| 1991 | 312,000 | 120,000 | 192,000 | 52.1 | 20.0 | 32.0 | 7.26 | 124.2 | 45.94 |
| 1992 | 336,000 | 125,000 | 211,000 | 53.3 | 19.9 | 33.4 | 7.30 | 122.5 | 46.10 |
| 1993 | 349,000 | 129,000 | 221,000 | 53.5 | 19.7 | 33.8 | 7.34 | 120.9 | 46.32 |
| 1994 | 343,000 | 129,000 | 214,000 | 52.1 | 19.5 | 32.5 | 7.31 | 119.6 | 46.45 |
| 1995 | 355,000 | 131,000 | 224,000 | 52.1 | 19.2 | 32.9 | 7.29 | 118.2 | 46.71 |
| 1996 | 381,000 | 136,000 | 245,000 | 53.0 | 18.9 | 34.0 | 7.29 | 117.0 | 47.01 |
| 1997 | 390,000 | 139,000 | 251,000 | 52.4 | 18.7 | 33.7 | 7.27 | 115.6 | 47.22 |
| 1998 | 403,000 | 143,000 | 260,000 | 52.2 | 18.5 | 33.7 | 7.27 | 114.0 | 47.22 |
| 1999 | 413,000 | 146,000 | 267,000 | 51.7 | 18.3 | 33.4 | 7.26 | 112.4 | 47.37 |
| 2000 | 424,000 | 149,000 | 275,000 | 51.3 | 18.1 | 33.2 | 7.25 | 110.7 | 47.44 |
| 2001 | 436,000 | 151,000 | 285,000 | 51.1 | 17.7 | 33.4 | 7.23 | 108.8 | 47.85 |
| 2002 | 444,000 | 154,000 | 290,000 | 50.3 | 17.4 | 32.9 | 7.20 | 106.8 | 47.95 |
| 2003 | 457,000 | 157,000 | 300,000 | 49.9 | 17.1 | 32.8 | 7.18 | 105.1 | 48.21 |
| 2004 | 481,000 | 162,000 | 318,000 | 50.3 | 17.0 | 33.3 | 7.16 | 103.4 | 48.23 |
| 2005 | 503,000 | 168,000 | 335,000 | 50.3 | 16.8 | 33.5 | 7.13 | 101.5 | 48.31 |
| 2006 | 517,000 | 173,000 | 344,000 | 49.9 | 16.7 | 33.2 | 7.12 | 99.7 | 48.29 |
| 2007 | 533,000 | 175,000 | 359,000 | 49.7 | 16.3 | 33.4 | 7.09 | 97.5 | 48.75 |
| 2008 | 546,000 | 177,000 | 368,000 | 49.2 | 16.0 | 33.2 | 7.06 | 95.4 | 49.02 |
| 2009 | 562,000 | 181,000 | 381,000 | 48.9 | 15.8 | 33.2 | 7.02 | 93.2 | 49.20 |
| 2010 | 580,000 | 183,000 | 397,000 | 48.8 | 15.4 | 33.3 | 6.99 | 91.1 | 49.58 |
| 2011 | 595,000 | 185,000 | 410,000 | 48.4 | 15.1 | 33.3 | 6.95 | 88.9 | 50.01 |
| 2012 | 612,000 | 187,000 | 426,000 | 48.0 | 14.6 | 33.4 | 6.91 | 86.6 | 50.54 |
| 2013 | 626,000 | 190,000 | 437,000 | 47.5 | 14.4 | 33.1 | 6.84 | 84.5 | 50.78 |
| 2014 | 643,000 | 192,000 | 451,000 | 47.0 | 14.0 | 33.0 | 6.78 | 82.6 | 51.20 |
| 2015 | 657,000 | 194,000 | 463,000 | 46.4 | 13.7 | 32.7 | 6.71 | 80.6 | 51.59 |
| 2016 | 663,000 | 194,000 | 469,000 | 45.5 | 13.3 | 32.2 | 6.62 | 78.5 | 52.08 |
| 2017 | 676,000 | 197,000 | 479,000 | 44.8 | 13.0 | 31.8 | 6.54 | 76.3 | 52.31 |
| 2018 | 691,000 | 197,000 | 494,000 | 44.4 | 12.7 | 31.7 | 6.46 | 74.2 | 52.83 |
| 2019 | 714,000 | 200,000 | 514,000 | 44.2 | 12.4 | 31.9 | 6.41 | 72.2 | 53.26 |
| 2020 | 730,000 | 208,000 | 522,000 | 43.8 | 12.5 | 31.4 | 6.35 | 70.2 | 52.78 |
| 2021 | 745,000 | 215,000 | 530,000 | 43.4 | 12.5 | 30.9 | 6.26 | 68.2 | 52.53 |
Fuente: UN DESA, World Population Prospects, 2022
Natalidad y nacimientos
[editar]Tasa de natalidad (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) y la tasa de natalidad cruda (CBR):[1]
| Year | CBR (Total) | TFR (Total) | CBR (Urban) | TFR (Urban) | CBR (Rural) | TFR (Rural) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996-97 | 47,8 | 6,6 (6,3) | 44,4 | 6,1 (5,7) | 48,8 | 6,8 (6,5) |
| 2004 | 44,6 | 6,3 (6,1) | 41,8 | 5,7 (5,5) | 45,3 | 6,5 (6,2) |
| 2014-15 | 40,5 | 6,4 (6,1) | 36,0 | 5,4 (5,1) | 41,8 | 6,8 (6,5) |
Datos de fertilidad son del 2014-2015 (DHS Program):[2]
| Region | Total fertility rate | Percentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnant | Mean number of children ever born to women age 40-49 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Batha | 7.3 | 12.2 | 8.3 |
| Borkou, Tibesti | 5.3 | 9.6 | 6.4 |
| Chari Baguirmi | 6.6 | 16.1 | 7.7 |
| Guéra | 6.7 | 14.6 | 8.4 |
| Hadjer-Lamis | 6.8 | 14.5 | 8.4 |
| Kanem | 6.0 | 14.8 | 7.1 |
| Lac | 5.4 | 14.7 | 7.9 |
| Logone Occidental | 6.4 | 12.7 | 7.6 |
| Logone Oriental | 7.6 | 12.7 | 8.3 |
| Mandoul | 6.5 | 12.7 | 7.7 |
| Mayo Kebbi Est | 6.7 | 15.0 | 7.3 |
| Mayo Kebbi Ouest | 7.5 | 13.8 | 7.9 |
| Moyen Chari | 5.5 | 12.6 | 6.8 |
| Ouaddaï | 6.1 | 13.1 | 7.1 |
| Salamat | 6.5 | 19.7 | 8.0 |
| Tandjilé | 7.1 | 13.1 | 8.0 |
| Wadi Fira | 5.9 | 12.2 | 6.5 |
| N’Djaména | 5.2 | 9.4 | 6.5 |
| Barh El Gazal | 5.6 | 14.5 | 7.1 |
| Ennedi Est, Ennedi Ouest | 5.0 | 13.4 | 6.3 |
| Sila | 6.7 | 19.6 | 7.7 |
Crecimiento de la población
[editar]- Tasa de natalidad: 44.25 nac./1.000 pers.
- Tasa de mortalidad: 17.44 fallec./1.000 pers.
- Tasa de inmigración neta: 0 emigrantes/1.000 pers.
- Tasa de mortalidad infantil: 120.4 fallec./1.000 nacidos vivos
- Tasa de fertilidad: 5.84 niños nacidos por mujer
Hombres y mujeres
[editar]- Al nacimiento: 1.04 hombres/mujeres
- Más de 65 años: 0.79 hombres/mujeres
- Todas las edades: 0.97 hombres/mujeres
Esperanza de vida
[editar]Para el 2022, se estimaba que la esperanza de vida del total de la población correspondía a 59.15 años
- Hombres:57.32 años
- Mujeres:61.06 años
Divisiones étnicas
[editar]- Norte y centro: Musulmanes (árabes, Toubou o Tubu, Hadjerai, Fulbe, Kotoko (Etnia), Kanembou, Baguirmi, Boulala, Pueblo troglodita, Zaghawa, y Maba (Etnia))
- Sur: no-Musulmanes (Sara, Ngambaye, Mbaye, Goulaye, Moundang, Moussei, Massa (Etnia)), Masalit, quienes son mayoritariamente musulmanes, han mantenido muchas de sus prácticas preislámicas, Pueblo kanuri, Pueblos hadjarai, compuesto por 15 grupos étnicos, Goula (Etnia)
- Distribuidos:Pueblo hausa
- Nómadas: Baggara
Religión
[editar]- Musulmanes 51.8 %
- Católicos: 20.3%
- Protestantes: 23.5%
- Animistas: 0.6%
Idioma
[editar]Francés (oficial), árabe (oficial), Sara y Sango (en sur), más de 100 idiomas y dialectos.
Alfabetismo
[editar]Leen y escriben con más de 15 años: en francés o árabe
- De la población total: 22.3% (2016 est.)
- Hombres: 31.3% (2016 est.)
- Mujeres: 14% (2016 est.)
Referencias
[editar]- ↑ «MEASURE DHS: Demographic and Health Surveys». worldbank.org. Consultado el 18 de enero de 2017.
- ↑ http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR317/FR317.pdf
Enlaces externos
[editar]
Wikimedia Commons alberga una categoría multimedia sobre Demografía de Chad.
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Datos: Q2568162- Multimedia: Demographics of Chad / Q2568162