Palestinian Authority

Palestinian Authority
Fida'i (en)
Bayanai
Iri	transitional government (en) , government agency (en) da executive branch (en)
Ƙasa	occupied Palestinian territories (en) da State of Palestine
Mulki
Hedkwata	Ramallah (en)
Mamallaki na	Faisal Al-Husseini International Stadium (en)
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1994
Dissolved	5 ga Janairu, 2013
minfo.gov.ps

Zirin Gaza kamar yadda sunansa ya nuna, wani ɗan zirin yanki ne da ke gaɓar tekun mediteranian, wanda yake a ƙarƙashin mulkin ‘yan Hamas. Garin ya yi iyaka da ƙasar Misra daga kudu maso yamma da kuma ƙasar Isra'ila ta ɓangaren Arewa da gabas. Gaba ɗaya tsawon garin bai wuce mil 25 ba, faɗinsa kuwa bai wuce mil 4-8 ba. Hukumar Falasɗinawa iƙrarin mallakar wanannan ziri a matsayin wani ɓangare na Falasɗinu.

Tarihi

An kafa yankin zirin gaza ne a shekarar 1948, lokacin da Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta raba ƙasar Falasɗinu gida biyu ta baiwa Yahudawa rabi. To mutanen da suke a ɓangaren da aka baiwa Isra'ila sune aka kwashe su aka kai su yankin da yanzu ake kira gaza a matsayin ‘yan gudun hijira. To tun daga wannan lokaci ne fa yankin zirin gaza ya tsinci kansa a wani hali na tsaka mai wuya. Kasancewar ƙasar Isra'ila wadda ta mulki wannan guri tun daga shekarun 1967-2005, ita ce har yanzu take da ikon tafiyar da harkokin sararin samaniyar zirin gaza da iyakar garin daga ɓangaren ruwa, da harkokin sufurin ruwa da kuma iyakar dake tsakanin isra'ila ɗin da Gaza.

Wannan iko da Isra'ila take da shi, wanda kuma Hamas take adawa da shi, shi ne ya baiwa Isra'ila damar nuna isa akan dukkan abubuwan shige-da fice a wannan yanki na Gaza, wanda ya haɗa da abinci. A duk lokacin da abinci ya yi ƙaranci to fa al'ummar zirin gaza ba su da wata dama illa ta dogaro da samun abinci ta hanyar Cibiyoyin agajin abinci na duniya dake aiki a wannan yanki.

Tun lokacin da aka kafa zirin na Gaza sai ya kasance ƙarƙashin kulawar ƙasar Misra, tun daga 1948-1967, kafin yaƙin 1967 wanda aka yi tsakanin Isra'ira da Larabawa inda Isra'ila ta mamaye zirin gaza. kuma a yau ita misirance take da ikon tafiyar da harkokin kan iyakarta da zirin gaza.

Yankin na zirin gaza dai ya samo sunan sa ne da garin gaza, wanda shi ne babban birni a wannan yanki. Zirin Gaza na da yawan al'umma da suka kai kimanin miliyan ɗaya da rabi.

Hukumar Falasdinawa ta samu ikon karɓar harkokin mulki a shekara ta 1994 a ƙarƙashin yarjejeniyar birnin Osolo, wadda ta sa Isra'ila ta janye daga mulkin Zirin Gaza a 1994. To sai dai wannan yarjejeniya ta Osolo ta baiwa Isra'ila ikon ci-gaba da mallakar harkokin sararin samaniyar gaza da ruwayen yankin da kuma harkokin ruwan, da harkokin rijistar ƙidaya da shige da ficen baƙi da shigar da kayayyaki da kuma fitar da su, sannan da harkokin kuɗin shiga.

A shekara ta 2006 aka gudanar da zaɓe a Falasɗinu inda Hamas ta lashe wannan zaɓe da babban rinjaye, ta kayar da jam'iyyar Fatah da sauran tsirarun jam'iyyu, wanda hakan ya baiwa Isma'il Haniya damar zama zaɓaɓɓen Firaministan Falasɗinu. To sai dai Isra'ila da Amirka ba su amince da wannan zaɓe da Falasɗinawa suka yiba, kasancewar su a wajensu Hamas ƙungiya ce ta ‘yan tarzoma. Wanda sakamakon haka yasa ƙasar Isra'ila da Amirka da Kanada da Tarayyar Turai suka dakatar da dukkan kuɗaɗen hukumar Falasɗinu. Inda rashin daidaituwar gwamnati da rashin kuɗi da kuma yunwa da ƙishirwa ta sa dole wasu daga cikin al'ummar Falasɗinu su kai hijira.

Rikici ya ɓalle tsakanin Hamas da Fatah saboda halin da aka shiga na kiki-kaka, wanda hakan ya sa sai da ƙasar Saudiyya ta shiga tsakani, inda ta samar da yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a tsakaninsu tare da kafa gwamnatin haɗin-gwiwa. Wannan yarjejeniya ce ta sa Isma'il Haniya ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa na zaɓaɓɓen firaministan Falasɗinu a dimokuraɗiyyance, zuwa firaministan riƙon ƙwarya na gwamnatin haɗingwiwa. An kuma rantsar da shi a matsayin shugaban sabuwar gwamnati a ranar 18, ga Maris, 2007.

A ranan 14 ga Juni, 2007 shugaban Falsɗinawa Mahmoud Abbas ya kori Isma'il Haniya ya naɗa Salam Fayyad a matsayin Firaministan gwamnatin haɗin gwiwa, canjin da majalisar dokokin Falasɗinawa ta ce bata yarda da shi ba domin ya saɓa doka. Shugaban ƙasa na da ikon sauke firaminista amma ba shi da ikon naɗa wani sai da izinin majalisa. Wannan dalili ne ya sa Haniya ya koma Gaza ya ci-gaba da zama mai mulkin zirin-gaza.

Tun daga lokacin da Hamas ta karɓe mulkin Gaza kawo yau, wannan yanki na gaza yake cikin talala. Dukkan hanyoyin shiga gaza guda 5 da sukai iyaka da Isra'ila, Isra'ilan ta toshe su. Sai dai kawai idan taimakon gaggawa ko na agaji ya taso. Halin da ya sa al'ummar Falasɗinawa cikin halin ƙaƙanikayi.

Isra'ila dai tana iƙirarin cewa duk tana yin wannan ne, saboda Hamas ta ƙi yarda ta amince da ita a matsayin halattacciyar ƙasa, kuma Hamas ɗin tana harba rokoki a cikin ƙasar Isra'ilan. Isra'ilan ta ce matuƙar Hamas ta yarda da halaccin kafuwarta ta kuma daina harba mata rokoki, to za ta buɗe iyakokin Gaza ta kuma daina kai hare-haren da take kaiwa Falasɗinawa a Zirin Gaza.

Ita kuma Hamas tana iƙirarin cewa ba za ta amince da Isara'ila a matsayin Halattacciyar ƙasa ba, ba kuma za ta daina harba rokoki cikinta ba, har sai ta sakarwa Falasɗinawa mara, kuma sai ta janye daga inda ta mamaye zuwa inda yarjejeniyar 4 ga Yuni, 1967 ta amincewa Isra'ila, sannan kuma ta sakar musu harkokin shige-da fice da tattalin arziki ta kuma basu dama su gina filayen jiragen sama da na ruwa dadai sauransu. Su rayu cikin aminci kamar sauran al'ummar duniya.