National Federation Party (Fiji)

National Federation Party (NFP), Fiji ke ek political party hae. Ii party November 1968 me banaa jab ki Fiji ke pahila party, Federation Party, jiske khaali Hindustani log support karat rahin, aur Ba province ke ek Kaiviti party, National Democratic Party ek hoe gain. Ii party ke suruu kare waala, A. D. Patel rahaa, jon ki 1941 me ganna ke kisan ke ek union, Maha Sangh ke banais rahaa. 1959 me ganna ke contract ke baat chiit ke khatir, sab gaana ke kisan ke union Federation of Cane Growers banain, lekin contract pe raaji hoe se pahile, Kisan Sangh aur Kaiviti union, Federation se alag hoe gain. 1963 ke election me Federation, Citizens Federation ke naam pe ganna waala ilake me aapan candidate kharraa karis aur jiitis. 21 June 1964 me Federation Party ke officially suruu karaa gais. Ii party, 1987 me Fiji Labour Party (FLP) ke saathe, ek mahina ke, sarkar banais rahaa. 1992 ke baad NFP aur FLP me split hoe gais aur 1992 aur 1994 ke election me NFP ke jaada Hindustani vote mila. 1999 ke baad, NFP, Fiji ke House of Representatives me ekko seat nai jiitis, lekin iske support abhi talak Fiji ke town aur city me hae.

Federation Party

Federation Party, Fiji ke pahila party rahaa jiske sadasya Fiji ke Legislative Council me rahin. Iske banae me A. D. Patel ke khaas haanth rahaa.

A. D. Patel

A.D. Patel, NFP ke pahila leader

1928 se, jab Patel India se Fiji aais rahaa, tab se lae ke 1969 me uske maut talak uu Fiji ke politics me rahaa. Suruu me uu Vishnu Deo ke sathe kaam karis. 1929 ke election me uu nai kharraa hoe sakis kahe ki uu dui saal ke residency requirement ke satisfy nai kare paais. 1932 ke election ke uu Fiji ke lag bhag sab Hindustani logan ke saathe boycott karis. 1937 ke election me uu North Western Indian Division, jisme Viti Levu ke western bhaag rahaa, me kharraa bhais. Sab log sochat rahin ki Patel sahaj se jiit jaai, kahe ki uske Vishnu Deo ke support rahaa aur uske virod me ek wkaiil ke babu, Chattur Singh kharraa bhais rahaa, lekin election me Patel ke haar hoe gais. Patel ke haare ke khaas kaaran rahaa ki uu India ke paida rahaa jab ki Singh Fiji me paida bhais rahaa. Patel ii time saait ii soche hoe ki uske lage aapan ek organisation hoe ke chaahi jiske support ke uu koi election me biswas kare sake, kahe ki uu 1941 me Fiji ke ganna ke kisan ke ek union (Kisan Sangh) ke rahe pe bhi ek duusra union, Maha Sangh, ke suruu karis.

Maha Sangh

15 June 1941 ke Nadi me ek nawaa ganaa ke kisan ke union, Akhil Fiji Krishak Maha Sangh, ke A. D. Patel aur Swami Rudrananda suruu karis rahaa. Iske support jaada kar ke Madrasi log se rahaa, aur jab ki usse pahile se ek aur union (Kisan Sangh) rahaa, tab bahut log Patel ke Hindustani logan me fuut laae ke aarop lagain. Maha Sangh ii claim karis ki Kisan Sabgh jon 1940 me cane contract pe sign karis rahaa, achcha nai hai kahe ki khae pie ke chij ke daam uppar hoe gais hai aur contract ke fir se negotiate kare ke chaahi. Dhire dhire mahaa ke support barrha aur ii maang ke pichhe Maha Sangh 1943 me harrtaal karae diis. Uu time Kisan Sangh ke bhitar corruption ke aarop me fuut hoe gais aur 1944 ke election me A. D. Patel Legislative Council me chuna gais. Iske baad uu 1947 me bhi chuna gais lekin 1948 me Patel aur Vishnu Deo ke biich me Executive Council ke membership khatir differences ke kaaran uu 1950 aur 1953 ke election ke haar gais.

Federation of Cane Growers

May 1959 me Fiji ke sab ganna ke kisan ke union Colonial Sugar Refining Company se 1960 waala cane contract khatir negotiate kare ke khatir ek saathe hoe ke Federation of Cane Growers form karin rahaa. Suruu me sab union saathe rahin lekin 24 July 1960 ke Ayodhya Prasad ke Kisan Sangh aur Vijay R. Singh ke Vanua Levu Gane Growers Association Federation se nikal ke 1960 ke katai khatir agreement sign kar diin. A. D. Patel, S. M. Koya log kisan log se ganna nai kaate ke batain lekin Ayodhya Prasad aur Vijay R. Singh ke support kare waale ganna kaate ke suruu kar diin. Fiji ke ganna waala ilaaka me tension aur barrhaa aur kaiviti leader log Patel ke ninda karin aur kuch log uske Fiji se deport kare ke maang karin. Iske baad se A.D. Patel aur Koya ke support kare waale kisan Federation of Cane Growers ke naam se organise hoe gain aur baad me suruu hoe waala Federation party ke grass roots support rahaa.

Citizens Federation

Federation Committee 1963 ke Legislative Council ke election ke Citizens Federation ke jhanda ke niche larris. Ii ek political nai rahaa lekin ek Fiji ke log ke economic, cultural aur political barrhawa khatir kaam kare ke waada karis. Tiino Citizen’s Federation candidates ii election me jiit gais. Western Constituency me , A. D. Patel, Deo Sharma, jon ki Kisan Sangh ke pradhan rahaa, ke 6244 votes to 3346 se harais, North Viti Levu Constituency, Sidiq Koya, James Shankar Singh ke 3,998 to 3,480 vote se harae ke Fiji ke Legislative Council ke pahila elected Muslim banaa aur Northern Constituency me James Madhavan, Harish Chandra Kohli ke 2,753 votes to 2,175 se harais. Southern Constituency me koi Citizens Federation ke taraf se kharraa nai bhais rahaa aur ii seat ke Andrew Deoki jiit liis.

Ii election me Citizens Federation ke candidate ke safalta aur aae waala constitutional convention ke kaaran, 21 June 1964 ke A. D. Patel Citizens Federation ke ek puura political party me badal diis. Iske pahila president, A. D. Patel aur pahila Vice-president S.M. Koya banaa.

1965 ke Constitutional Conference

1964 me jab Government, Fiji ke ke ajaadi ke taraf lae jaawe ke khatir ek constitutional conference kare ke announce karis, tab ii Fiji ke sab jaat ke log ke aapan delegate ke apne se chune ke batais. A.D. Patel, apne ke, aur tiin aur Federation Party ke member, James Madhavan, C. A. Shah (nominated Indian member, jon ki Federation Party join kar liis rahaa) aur S. M. Koya ke nominate karis. Aur log batain ki ii logan sab Hindustani log ke nai represent kare hae aur ii kaaran se sarkar Legislative Council ke sab unofficial members ke conference me bhaag le ke invite karis.

Conference me khaas khaas matbhed ii rahaa ki Federation Party ke members common roll aur jaldi ajaadi maangat rahin, jab ki aur sab log constitution me kamti se kamti change maangat rahin. British sarkar compromise kare ke khatir cross-voting ke introduce kare ke decise karis, jiske niche multiracial electorates tiin differnt ethnic group ke member ke elect kari. Legislative Council ke barrhae ke 36 member waala kar dewa gais jisme se 14 Kaiviti (9 elected communal roll pe, 3 cross-voting roll pe aur dui ke Great Council of Chiefs nominate kari), 12 Hindustani (9 elected communal rollpe aur 3 cross-voting roll pe) aur 10 Gora (7 elected communal roll pe aur 3 cross-voting roll pe).

1966 ke election

Ii election me khaas mukabla Alliance Party jiske Kaiviti logan dominate karat rahin, jaada General Electors bhi supprt karat rahin aur kuchh uu Hindustani bhi jon ki Federation Party ke kattar virodi rahin bhi support karat rahin. Ii election me Ratu Kamisese Mara ke niche, Alliance Party ke bhais rahaa. Alliance 34 elected seat me se 22 ke jiit liis. Election ke baad tiin independent aur Great Council of Chiefs ke dui nominees bhi Alliance se mil ke uske pura number ke barrhae ke 27 kar diin. Baaki nau seat ke A. D. Patel ke agawai me Federation Party jiitis. Ii sab seat Indian Communal Constituencies rahaa. Indian Communal Cnstituency me khaali tiin Hindustani candidate Alliance Party ke taraf se kharraa bhain rahaa, baaki sab constituency me Federation ke virod me indpendent candidate rahin. Federation Party ke 65% Indian Communal Constituency ke vote mila.

Election ke baad me Ratu Mara ke Chief Minister banawa gais aur Alliance ke member logan Minister banin. A.D. Patel, Leader of Opposition banaa.

NFP ke suruat

1968 ke by-election

1966 ke election ke baad, se Alliance Party ke sarkar bina oppposition se salah kar ke decision le laga jisse Federation Party khusi nai rahaa. Jab sarakr Fiji ke constitution ke badle ke khatir kuch bhi nai karis tab, 1 September 1967 ke A. D. Patel ek nawaa Constitutional Conference ke khatir ek motion rakkhis. Jab ii clear hoe gais ke sarkar ii motion kr reject kr di tab Federation ke members Legislative Council se walk out hoe gain.

Jab Federation Party ke member Council ke tiin meeting, ek ke baad ek, ke miss kar diin tab uu logan ke seat ke khaali declare kar dewa gais. Ii rakam se nau Indian Communal Constituencies ke khatir election, 31 August 1968 aur 7 September 1968 ke biich me, fir se bhais jiske Federation Party aur jaada bahumati se jiitis. Puura 59,786 vote me se Federation Party ke 46,960 (78.5%) vote aur Alliance Party ke 12,826 (21.5%) vote milaa.

Aur dekho

• Leader of the Opposition (Fiji)
• National Federation Party ke Leader ke suchi