Pecinan
Tampilan
Pecinan atau Kampung Cina (Hanzi:
Pecinan di Indonesia sendiri kini tersebar di berbagai wilayah. Beberapa yang terkenal di antaranya seperti daerah Glodok, Singkawang, Kauman, Kampung Sudiroprajan, Kya-kya, Kesawan Square, Pecinan Bandung, Bukit Nagoya, dan Pecinan Magelang.[1]
Asal mula Pecinan
[sunting | sunting sumber]Pecinan pada dasarnya terbentuk karena 2 faktor yaitu faktor politik dan faktor sosial.
- Faktor politik berupa peraturan pemerintah lokal yang mengharuskan masyarakat Tionghoa dikonsentrasikan di wilayah-wilayah tertentu supaya lebih mudah diatur (Wijkenstelsel). Ini lumrah dijumpai di Indonesia pada zaman Hindia Belanda karena pemerintah kolonial melakukan segregasi berdasarkan latar belakang rasial. Pada waktu-waktu tertentu, malah diperlukan izin masuk atau keluar dari pecinan (Passenstelsel) semisal di pecinan Batavia.
- Faktor sosial berupa keinginan sendiri masyarakat Tionghoa untuk hidup berkelompok karena adanya perasaan aman dan dapat saling bantu-membantu. Ini sering dikaitkan dengan sifat ekslusif orang Tionghoa, namun sebenarnya sifat ekslusif ada pada etnis dan bangsa apapun, semisal adanya kampung Madras/India di Medan, Indonesia; kampung Arab di Fujian, Tiongkok atau pemukiman Yahudi di Shanghai, Tiongkok.
Lihat pula
[sunting | sunting sumber]Bacaan lebih lanjut
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Chew, James R. "Boyhood Days in Winnemucca, 1901–1910." Nevada Historical Society Quarterly 1998 41(3): 206–209. ISSN 0047-9462 Oral history (1981) describes the Chinatown of Winnemucca, Nevada, during 1901–10. Though many Chinese left Winnemucca after the Central Pacific Railroad was completed in 1869, around four hundred Chinese had formed a community in the town by the 1890s. Among the prominent buildings was the Joss House, a place of worship and celebration that was visited by Chinese president Sun Yat-Sen in 1911. Beyond describing the physical layout of the Chinatown, the author recalls some of the commercial and gambling activities in the community.
- Ki Longfellow, China Blues, Eio Books 2012, ISBN 0-9759255-7-1, San Francisco's Chinatown during the 1906 earthquake and in the early 1920s. ([1] Diarsipkan 2013-06-18 di Wayback Machine.)
- "Chinatown: Conflicting Images, Contested Terrain", K. Scott Wong, Melus (Vol. 20, Issue 1), 1995. Scholarly work discussing the negative perceptions and imagery of old Chinatowns.
- Pan, Lynn. Sons of the Yellow Emperor: A History of the Chinese Diaspora (1994). Book with detailed histories of Chinese diaspora communities (Chinatowns) from San Francisco, Honolulu, Bangkok, Manila, Johannesburg, Sydney, London, Lima, etc.
- Williams, Daniel. "Chinatown Is a Hard Sell in Italy" Diarsipkan 2011-05-14 di Wayback Machine., Washington Post Foreign Service, March 1, 2004; Page A11.
Pranala luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Pecinan.
- Chinatown Paris France Diarsipkan 2007-09-30 di Wayback Machine.
- India's only ChinaTown Diarsipkan 2020-07-30 di Wayback Machine.
- Chinatowns of the World Diarsipkan 2011-01-25 di Wayback Machine. – slideshow by Life magazine
- Chinatown San Francisco
- Historical Photos of American Chinatowns
- Chinatownology: Singapore Chinatown
- Chinese New Year Parade and Festivals Diarsipkan 2008-07-23 di Wayback Machine.
- A Journey through Chinatown New York City's 3 Chinatowns.
- A short film about New York City's Chinatown, 5 lessons and 9 questions about Chinatown
- The Museum of Chinese in America
- Yamashita's Web Site Diarsipkan 2012-05-26 di Wayback Machine.—Pictures of Chinatowns
- Asian-Nation: Ethnic Enclaves & Communities
- Boston's Chinatown Diarsipkan 2011-07-18 di Wayback Machine.
- Chinatown Belarus
- Forum Diskusi Budaya Tionghua dan Sejarah Tiongkok
- Budaya, Tradisi & Sejarah Tionghoa
- ^ "8 Pecinan di Indonesia selain Petak Sembilan Glodok". CNN Indonesia. Diakses tanggal 2022-07-26.