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Over the Top: Why an Annual Wealth Tax for Canada is Unnecessary
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Over the Top: Why an Annual Wealth Tax for Canada is Unnecessary

Author

Listed:
  • Robin Boadway

    (Queen's University)

  • Pierre Pestieau

    (University of Liège)

Abstract

The idea of a wealth tax has taken on new prominence since French economist Thomas Piketty famously proposed a global wealth tax in 2013; Senator Elizabeth Warren has even made a national wealth tax a plank in her campaign to become the Democratic presidential candidate in 2020. The current interest in wealth taxation is a response to the increase in wealth concentration and income inequality that has occurred in most OECD countries. It has been well documented that both income and wealth inequality have risen significantly in recent decades. In this Commentary, we critically evaluate the case for an annual wealth tax as part of Canada’s tax system. To do so, we review current received wisdom on the elements of a good tax system, drawing on the normative tax design literature and best practices. We do not address the issue of how responsive tax policy needs to be to deal with the evolving inequality of income and wealth. Our focus, instead, is on the mix of policy instruments that are most effective for whatever degree of responsiveness policymakers choose. Our argument is that wealth taxes add relatively little to the taxes on capital and capital income that are already in place, and that concerns about the social consequences of wealth concentration are better addressed by reform of existing capital income taxes and by considering wealth transfer (inheritance) taxation. Our argument against wealth taxation is over and above the substantial administrative challenges in measurement, collection and coverage for annual wealth taxes. These alone are enough to raise red flags about wealth taxation. For our part, we rely on the more fundamental argument that annual net wealth taxes are unnecessary since their objectives can be better achieved by suitably designed taxes on capital income and wealth transfers.

Suggested Citation

  • Robin Boadway & Pierre Pestieau, 2019. "Over the Top: Why an Annual Wealth Tax for Canada is Unnecessary," C.D. Howe Institute Commentary, C.D. Howe Institute, issue 546, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:cdh:commen:546
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Thor O Thoresen & Marius A K Ring & Odd E Nygård & Jon Epland, 2022. "A Wealth Tax at Work [Behavioural Responses to a Wealth Tax]," CESifo Economic Studies, CESifo Group, vol. 68(4), pages 321-361.
    2. Spencer Bastani & Daniel Waldenström, 2023. "Taxing the wealthy: the choice between wealth and capital income taxation," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 39(3), pages 604-616.
    3. Spencer Bastani & Daniel Waldenström, 2020. "How Should Capital Be Taxed?," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(4), pages 812-846, September.
    4. Robin Boadway & Pierre Pestieau, 2022. "The Wealth Tax and the Tax Mix," Canadian Tax Journal, Canadian Tax Foundation, vol. 70(Supplemen), pages 185-208.
    5. Stuart Adam & Helen Miller, 2021. "The economic arguments for and against a wealth tax," Fiscal Studies, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(3-4), pages 457-483, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Fiscal and Tax Policy; Incentives to Save; Property Taxes;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies

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