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Informal competition and firm performance: Impacts on input‐ versus output performance
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Informal competition and firm performance: Impacts on input‐ versus output performance

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  • Rajeev K. Goel
  • Ummad Mazhar
  • Rati Ram

Abstract

Using data on more than 100 emerging nations, this paper considers the impact of informal competition on the performance of formal sector firms. Unique aspects include comparing the effects on input performance (via total factor productivity [TFP]) with those on output performance (via sales per worker). Grounding the empirical analysis in the theory of vertical integration into research, results show informal competition to undermine firms' performance. Furthermore, technology outsourcing, rather than in‐house innovation, appears to be effective in boosting performance for firms facing underground competition. Finally, the performance impact of informal competition is sensitive to the existing level of performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Rajeev K. Goel & Ummad Mazhar & Rati Ram, 2022. "Informal competition and firm performance: Impacts on input‐ versus output performance," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(2), pages 418-430, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:mgtdec:v:43:y:2022:i:2:p:418-430
    DOI: 10.1002/mde.3390
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    2. Rajeev K. Goel & Michael A. Nelson, 2022. "Employment effects of R&D and process innovation: evidence from small and medium-sized firms in emerging markets," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 12(1), pages 97-123, March.
    3. Abbas, Jaffar & Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel & Amjid, Muhammad Asif & Al-Sulaiti, Khalid & Al-Sulaiti, Ibrahim & Aldereai, Osama, 2024. "Financial innovation and digitalization promote business growth: The interplay of green technology innovation, product market competition and firm performance," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 3(1).
    4. Rajeev K. Goel & James W. Saunoris, 2022. "Push from the shadows: Does the shadow economy facilitate market exit of firms?," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(7), pages 2955-2966, October.

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