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La provision voluntaria de bienes publicos: Resultados Experimentales
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La provision voluntaria de bienes publicos: Resultados Experimentales

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  • Sánchez, Isabel

Abstract

¿Es o no relevante la tendencia al escaqueo de los individuos que se plantean la provisión de un bien público? ¿Qué tests empíricos pueden emplearse con suficiente rigor para contrastar esta hipótesis? Como resulta difícil aislar con datos de campo la incidencia del fenómeno del polizón (free rider hypothesis), al no poder controlar las particularidades estructurales e institucionales de cada situación, se puede analizar evidencia empírica alternativa, complementaria con la anterior, generada experimentalmente. La metodología experimental crea entornos controlados simples en los que poder contrastar las hipótesis económicas y analizar su robustez ante cambios en los parámetros y en las reglas del juego. Este articulo comenta la literatura experimental que analiza mas directamente la relevancia de la hipótesis del polizón, en contextos en que la provisión del bien publico se financia exclusivamente en base a contribuciones voluntarias. Parece que en los entornos experimentales propuestos, cuando los individuos tienen la oportunidad de familiarizarse con las reglas del juego y de repetir el proceso de decisión suficiente número de veces, sí que aparece de forma persistente el fenómeno del polizón. Sin embargo, este comportamiento no es tan claro como a priori la teoria haría pensar. Se presentan algunas hipótesis que se han barajado para justificar las desviaciones observadas dentro de los canones de la racionalidad que los economistas acostumbran a imponer en sus modelos. A pesar de que estas hipótesis explican en parte estas anomalías, no parecen suficientes para reconciliar por completo la evidencia empírica con las predicciones teóricas.

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  • Sánchez, Isabel, 1991. "La provision voluntaria de bienes publicos: Resultados Experimentales," DE - Documentos de Trabajo. Economía. DE 3000, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Economía.
    • Handle: RePEc:cte:derepe:3000
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    References listed on IDEAS

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