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Travail et maternité en Europe: conditions de travail et politiques publiques
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Travail et maternité en Europe: conditions de travail et politiques publiques

Author

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  • Jérôme De Henau
  • Leila Maron
  • Danièle Meulders
  • Sile Padraigin O'Dorchai

Abstract

Le but de cette étude est, d'une part, d'analyser le coût de la maternité en termes de conditions et de perspectives de travail et, d'autre part, de mesurer l'impact (positif ou négatif) des politiques publiques sur les décisions des femmes en matière de maternité et d'emploi. Les résultats indiquent que les écarts d'emploi observés entre les femmes sans enfants et les femmes avec enfants en bas âge sont essentiellement imputables à une hausse de l’inactivité dans la plupart des pays. Toutefois, au Luxembourg, en Autriche, au Royaume-Uni et aux Pays-Bas, le travail à temps partiel explique également une part importante de l’écart. En termes de politiques publiques, les systèmes d'accueil d'enfants sont le moyen le plus efficace pour garantir l’accès au travail des parents tandis qu'en ce qui concerne les congés de maternité, leur durée devrait être limitée à la période nécessaire pour se remettre de l'accouchement afin d'éviter de mettre en péril la carrière professionnelle de la mère. Il en est de même pour les congés parentaux. Ce type de congé devrait être obligatoirement partagé entre les deux parents.

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  • Jérôme De Henau & Leila Maron & Danièle Meulders & Sile Padraigin O'Dorchai, 2007. "Travail et maternité en Europe: conditions de travail et politiques publiques," DULBEA Working Papers 07-14.RS, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    • Handle: RePEc:dul:wpaper:07-14rs
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    Cited by:

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    2. Jean-Luc Demeulemeester & Olivier Debande, 2008. "Quality and Variety Competition in Higher Education," Working Papers 08-10, Association Française de Cliométrie (AFC).
    3. Benoît Mahy & François Rycx & Mélanie Volral, 2008. "L'influence de la dispersion salariale sur la performance des grandes entreprises belges," Reflets et perspectives de la vie économique, De Boeck Université, vol. 0(3), pages 27-40.
    4. Bernal, Oscar & Oosterlinck, Kim & Szafarz, Ariane, 2010. "Observing bailout expectations during a total eclipse of the sun," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(7), pages 1193-1205, November.
    5. Henri Capron & Michele Cincera, 2007. "EU pre-competitive and near-the-market S&T collaborations," Brussels Economic Review, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, vol. 50(1), pages 135-159.
    6. Charles Plaigin, 2009. "Exploratory study on the presence of cultural and institutional growth spillovers," DULBEA Working Papers 09-03.RS, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    7. Ilan Tojerow, 2008. "Industry Wage Differentials Rent Sharing and Gender in Belgium," Reflets et perspectives de la vie économique, De Boeck Université, vol. 0(3), pages 55-65.
    8. Henri Capron, 2007. "Politique de cohésion et développement régional," DULBEA Working Papers 07-16.RS, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    9. Olivier Thévenon, 2008. "Politiques de Conciliation du Travail et de la Vie Familiale en Europe :Quelle(s) Complémentarité(s) des Aides Publiques et d'Entreprises ?," Brussels Economic Review, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, vol. 51(2/3), pages 365-385.
    10. Ariane Szafarz, 2007. "Hiring people-like-yourself: a representation of discrimination on the job market," DULBEA Working Papers 07-21.RS, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    11. Sile Padraigin O'Dorchai, 2008. "Pay inequality in 25 European countries," DULBEA Working Papers 0006, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    12. Pierre-Guillaume Méon & Ariane Szafarz, 2008. "Labor market discrimination as an agency cost," DULBEA Working Papers 08-19.RS, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    13. Ilan Tojerow & Robert Plasman & Océane Bertrand, 2016. "Les impacts budgétaires pour les institutions régionales bruxelloises, la Région Wallonne et la Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles," DULBEA Working Papers N°16-02.RR, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    14. Abdeslam Marfouk, 2008. "The African brain drain: scope and determinants," DULBEA Working Papers 08-07.RS, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    conditions de travail; emploi; maternité; politiques publiques.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J18 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Public Policy
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply

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