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Entrepreneurship over the Business Cycle in the United States: A Decomposition
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Entrepreneurship over the Business Cycle in the United States: A Decomposition

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  • Fossen, Frank M.

    (University of Nevada, Reno)

Abstract

Entry rates into self-employment increase during recessions and decrease during economic upswings. I show that this is mostly explained by the higher unemployment rate during a recession, together with the fact that at all times, unemployed persons have a relatively high propensity to become entrepreneurs out of necessity because they do not find paid employment. I use econometric decomposition techniques to quantify these effects based on the monthly matched US Current Population Survey before, during and after the Great Recession. I also document that this counter-cyclical pattern of entrepreneurial entry strongly applies to unincorporated entrepreneurship, but only weakly to incorporated entrepreneurship. This highlights the association of unincorporated and incorporated entrepreneurship with necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship, respectively. The results are useful for policy-makers and practitioners to understand, forecast and act on the different types of entrepreneurial activities that are to be expected over the business cycle.

Suggested Citation

  • Fossen, Frank M., 2019. "Entrepreneurship over the Business Cycle in the United States: A Decomposition," IZA Discussion Papers 12499, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp12499
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    Cited by:

    1. Can, Ege & Fossen, Frank M., 2020. "The Effects of Non-Compete Agreements on Different Types of Self-Employment: Evidence from Massachusetts and Utah," IZA Discussion Papers 13414, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    entrepreneurship; business cycle; Great Recession; unemployment; opportunity; necessity; decomposition;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups

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