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The Multi-Fractal Model of Asset Returns:Its Estimation via GMM and Its Use for Volatility Forecasting
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The Multi-Fractal Model of Asset Returns:Its Estimation via GMM and Its Use for Volatility Forecasting

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  • Thomas Lux

Abstract

Multi-fractal processes have been proposed as a new formalism for modeling the time series of returns in finance. The major attraction of these processes is their ability to generate various degrees of long memory in different powers of returns - a feature that has been found to characterize virtually all financial prices. Furthermore, elementary variants of multi-fractal models are very parsimonious formalizations as they are essentially one-parameter families of stochastic processes. The aim of this paper is to provide the characteristics of a causal multi-fractal model (replacing the earlier combinatorial approaches discussed in the literature), to estimate the parameters of this model and to use these estimates in forecasting financial volatility. We use the auto-covariances of log increments of the multi-fractal process in order to estimate its parameters consistently via GMM (Generalized Method of Moment). Simulations show that this approach leads to essentially unbiased estimates, which also have much smaller root mean squared errors than those obtained from the traditional ?scaling? approach. Our empirical estimates are used in out-of-sample forecasting of volatility for a number of important financial assets. Comparing the multi-fractal forecasts with those derived from GARCH and FIGARCH models yields results in favor of the new model: multi-fractal forecasts dominate all other forecasts in one out of four cases considered, while in the remaining cases they are head to head with one or more of their competitors.
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  • Thomas Lux, 2003. "The Multi-Fractal Model of Asset Returns:Its Estimation via GMM and Its Use for Volatility Forecasting," Computing in Economics and Finance 2003 14, Society for Computational Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:sce:scecf3:14
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    Cited by:

    1. Dark Jonathan Graeme, 2010. "Estimation of Time Varying Skewness and Kurtosis with an Application to Value at Risk," Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 14(2), pages 1-50, March.
    2. Oświe¸cimka, P. & Kwapień, J. & Drożdż, S., 2005. "Multifractality in the stock market: price increments versus waiting times," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 347(C), pages 626-638.
    3. Suárez-García, Pablo & Gómez-Ullate, David, 2014. "Multifractality and long memory of a financial index," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 394(C), pages 226-234.
    4. E. Bacry & A. Kozhemyak & J. F. Muzy, 2011. "Log-normal continuous cascade model of asset returns: aggregation properties and estimation," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(5), pages 795-818, October.
    5. Cristina Sattarhoff & Marc Gronwald, 2018. "How to Measure Financial Market Efficiency? A Multifractality-Based Quantitative Approach with an Application to the European Carbon Market," CESifo Working Paper Series 7102, CESifo.
    6. Kwapień, J. & Drożdż, S. & Oświe¸cimka, P., 2006. "The bulk of the stock market correlation matrix is not pure noise," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 359(C), pages 589-606.
    7. Lux, Thomas & Kaizoji, Taisei, 2004. "Forecasting volatility and volume in the Tokyo stock market: The advantage of long memory models," Economics Working Papers 2004-05, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Department of Economics.
    8. Zunino, Luciano & Figliola, Alejandra & Tabak, Benjamin M. & Pérez, Darío G. & Garavaglia, Mario & Rosso, Osvaldo A., 2009. "Multifractal structure in Latin-American market indices," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 41(5), pages 2331-2340.
    9. Thomas Lux, 2004. "Detecting Multifractal Properties In Asset Returns: The Failure Of The "Scaling Estimator"," International Journal of Modern Physics C (IJMPC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 15(04), pages 481-491.
    10. Eisler, Z. & Kertész, J., 2004. "Multifractal model of asset returns with leverage effect," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 343(C), pages 603-622.
    11. Davies, Paul Lyndon, 2006. "Long range financial data and model choice," Technical Reports 2006,21, Technische Universität Dortmund, Sonderforschungsbereich 475: Komplexitätsreduktion in multivariaten Datenstrukturen.
    12. G.-F. Gu & W.-X. Zhou, 2009. "On the probability distribution of stock returns in the Mike-Farmer model," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 67(4), pages 585-592, February.
    13. Amir Safari & Detlef Seese, 2009. "Non-parametric estimation of a multiscale CHARN model using SVR," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(1), pages 105-121.
    14. Pablo Su'arez-Garc'ia & David G'omez-Ullate, 2013. "Multifractality and long memory of a financial index," Papers 1306.0490, arXiv.org.
    15. Indranil Mukherjee & Amitava Sarkar, 2011. "Complexity, Financial Markets and their Scaling Laws," DEGIT Conference Papers c016_008, DEGIT, Dynamics, Economic Growth, and International Trade.
    16. Kwapień, J. & Oświe¸cimka, P. & Drożdż, S., 2005. "Components of multifractality in high-frequency stock returns," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 350(2), pages 466-474.
    17. Deniz Erer & Elif Erer & Selim Güngör, 2023. "The aggregate and sectoral time-varying market efficiency during crisis periods in Turkey: a comparative analysis with COVID-19 outbreak and the global financial crisis," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 9(1), pages 1-25, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    multi-fractality; financial volatility; forecasting;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C20 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - General
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

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