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Banks, liquidity crises and economic growth
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Banks, liquidity crises and economic growth

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  • Alejandro Gaytan
  • Romain Rancière

Abstract

How do the liquidity functions of banks affect investment and growth at different stages of economic development? How do financial fragility and the costs of banking crises evolve with the level of wealth of countries? We analyze these issues using an overlapping generations growth model where agents, who experience idiosyncratic liquidity shocks, can invest in a liquid storage technology or in a partially illiquid Cobb Douglas technology. By pooling liquidity risk, banks play a growth enhancing role in reducing inefficient liquidation of long term projects, but they may face liquidity crises associated with severe output losses. We show that middle income economies may find optimal to be exposed to liquidity crises, while poor and rich economies have more incentives to develop a fully covered banking system. Therefore, middle income economies could experience banking crises in the process of their development and, as they get richer, they eventually converge to a financially safe long run steady state. Finally, the model replicates the empirical fact of higher costs of banking crises for middle income economies. –

Suggested Citation

  • Alejandro Gaytan & Romain Rancière, 2001. "Banks, liquidity crises and economic growth," Economics Working Papers 853, Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, revised May 2003.
    • Handle: RePEc:upf:upfgen:853
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    1. Su-Yin Cheng & Han Hou, 2022. "Financial development, life insurance and growth: Evidence from 17 European countries," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 47(4), pages 835-860, October.
    2. Daniel, Betty C. & Jones, John Bailey, 2007. "Financial liberalization and banking crises in emerging economies," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(1), pages 202-221, May.
    3. Ennis, Huberto M. & Keister, Todd, 2006. "Bank runs and investment decisions revisited," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(2), pages 217-232, March.
    4. Hnatkovska, Viktoria & Loayza, Norman, 2004. "Volatility and growth," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3184, The World Bank.
    5. Loayza, Norman V. & Ranciere, Romain, 2006. "Financial Development, Financial Fragility, and Growth," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 38(4), pages 1051-1076, June.
    6. Romain Rancière & Aaron Tornell & Frank Westermann, 2002. "Crises and growth: A re-evaluation," Economics Working Papers 852, Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, revised Sep 2003.
    7. Alejandro Gaytan & Romain Ranciere, 2004. "Wealth, Financial Intermediation and Growth," Working Papers 191, Barcelona School of Economics.
    8. Hou, Han & Cheng, Su-Yin, 2017. "The dynamic effects of banking, life insurance, and stock markets on economic growth," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 87-98.
    9. Edoardo Gaffeo & Petya Garalova, 2014. "On the finance-growth nexus: additional evidence from Central and Eastern Europe countries," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 47(2), pages 89-115, May.
    10. Konstantin Makrelov & Rob Davies & Laurence Harris, 2021. "The impact of capital flow reversal shocks in South Africa: a stock- and-flow-consistent analysis," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(3-4), pages 475-501, July.
    11. Aaron Tornell, 2003. "Crises and Growth: A Re-evaluation (September 2003)," UCLA Economics Online Papers 264, UCLA Department of Economics.
    12. Gómez-González, José Eduardo & Silva, Luisa & Restrepo, Sergio & Salazar, Mauricio, 2013. "Flujos de capitales y fragilidad financiera," Chapters, in: Rincón-Castro, Hernán & Velasco, Andrés M. (ed.), Flujos de capitales, choques externos y respuestas de política en países emergentes, chapter 7, pages 261-299, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    13. Wu, Jyh-Lin & Hou, Han & Cheng, Su-Yin, 2010. "The dynamic impacts of financial institutions on economic growth: Evidence from the European Union," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 879-891, September.
    14. Miller, Victoria, 2008. "Bank runs, foreign exchange reserves and credibility: When size does not matter," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 18(5), pages 557-565, December.
    15. Su-Yin Cheng & Chia-Cheng Ho & Han Hou, 2014. "The Finance-growth Relationship and the Level of Country Development," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 45(1), pages 117-140, February.
    16. Nida Tariq, 2012. "A Comparative Study on Bank’s Profitability before, during and after Crises," South Asian Journal of Management Sciences (SAJMS), Iqra University, Iqra University, vol. 6(1), pages 12-17, Spring.
    17. Khattab Ahmed & Mpabe Bodjongo Mathieu Juliot & Ihadiyan Abid, 2015. "Financial Development, Financial Instability and Economic Growth: The Case of Maghreb Countries," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 5(4), pages 1043-1054.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    OLG growth models; liquidity; financial intermediation; financial fragility; banking crises;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development

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