Lihat sumber bagi Kejatuhan Kabul (2021)

{{Short description|Penawanan Kabul oleh Taliban pada 2021}}
{{Hal semasa||konflik ketenteraan semasa|date=Ogos 2021}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict          = Kejatuhan Kabul
| partof            = [[Serangan Taliban 2021]] [[Perang di Afghanistan (2001-kini)|Perang Afghanistan (2001–2021)]]
| image             = 
| date              = 15 Ogos 2021
| place             = [[Kabul]], [[Afghanistan]]
| territory         = 
| result            = 
| status            = Kemenangan [[Taliban]]:
* Taliban menawan Kabul
* Presiden [[Ashraf Ghani]] melarikan diri dari [[Afghanistan]] ke [[Tajikistan]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newsweek.com/afghan-president-ashraf-ghani-flees-tajikistan-amid-taliban-entering-kabul-1619484%7D%7D|title=Afghan President Ashraf Ghani Flees to Tajikistan Amid Taliban Entering Kabul|website=Newsweek|date=15 Ogos 2021|access-date=15 Ogos 2021|lang=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 Ogos 2021 |title=Afghan president flees the country as Taliban move on Kabul |url=https://apnews.com/article/afghanistan-taliban-kabul-bagram-e1ed33fe0c665ee67ba132c51b8e32a5%7C|access-date=15 Ogos 2021|website=AP NEWS|archive-date=15 Ogos 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815120025/https://apnews.com/article/afghanistan-taliban-kabul-bagram-e1ed33fe0c665ee67ba132c51b8e32a5%7Curl-status=live%7D%7D}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 Ogos 2021 |title=Afghan President Ghani leaves country – reports |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-asia-58219963%7C|access-date=15 Ogos 2021 |website=BBC News|language=en|archive-date=15 Ogos 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815163037/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-asia-58219963%7Curl-status=live%7D%7D}}</ref>
* [[Republik Islam Afghanistan]] dibubarkan
* [[Emiriah Islam Afghanistan]] ditubuhkan semula
* Pemindahan kedutaan-kedutaan luar negara
* Pegawai kerajaan melarikan diri ke [[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Tajikistan]] dan [[Uzbekistan]]
| combatant1        = {{flag|Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan}}
*[[Taliban]]
| combatant2        = {{flagicon|Afghanistan}} [[Republik Islam Afghanistan]]<br />''Sokongan bukan ketenteraan:''<br />{{flagicon|United States}} [[Amerika Syarikat]]{{efn|group=infobox|[[Operasi Allies Refuge]]}}<br />{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[United Kingdom]]{{efn|group=infobox|[[Operasi Pitting]]}}
| commander1        = {{nowrap|{{flagdeco|Afghanistan|Taliban}}
[[Hibatullah Akhundzada]]<br>{{flagicon|Afghanistan|Taliban}}  [[Abdul Ghani Baradar]]<ref name="eco">{{cite news |title=The Taliban's terrifying triumph in Afghanistan |url=https://www.economist.com/asia/2021/08/15/the-talibans-terrifying-triumph-in-afghanistan |publisher=Economist |date=15 August 2021 |access-date=15 Ogos 2021 |archive-date=15 Ogos 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815173110/https://www.economist.com/asia/2021/08/15/the-talibans-terrifying-triumph-in-afghanistan |url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br />{{flagicon|Afghanistan|Taliban}} [[Suhail Shaheen]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/8/15/taliban-enter-kabul-from-all-sides |title='At the gates': Taliban ready to take Afghan capital|url-status=live|access-date=15 Ogos 2021|website=www.aljazeera.com| archive-date=15 Ogos 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815081408/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/8/15/taliban-enter-kabul-from-all-sides%7D%7D}}</ref>
| commander2        = {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Afghanistan}} [[Ashraf Ghani]] (''melarikan diri'')<ref>{{cite news |last1=Batchelor |first1=Tom |title=Afghan president Ashraf Ghani flees capital Kabul for Tajikistan as Taliban enter city |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/central-asia/afghanistan-taliban-ashraf-ghani-flee-b1902917.html |access-date=15 Ogos 2021 |work=[[The Independent]] |language=en |date=15 Ogos 2021 |archive-date=15 Ogos 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815164417/https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/central-asia/afghanistan-taliban-ashraf-ghani-flee-b1902917.html |url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br>{{nowrap|{{flagicon|Afghanistan}} [[Bismillah Khan Mohammadi|Bismillah Khan]] (''[[dalam buangan]]'')}}<br />{{flagicon|United States}} [[Joe Biden]]<br />{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[Boris Johnson]]
| units1            = Tidak diketahui
| units2            = [[Pasukan Keselamatan Kebangsaan Afghanistan]] (ANSF)
* [[Tentera Kebangsaan Afghanistan]]
* [[Kor ke-201 (Afghanistan)|Kor ke-201]]<ref name="lwj14">{{cite news |last=Roggio |first=Bill |title=Taliban encircling Afghan capital Kabul, prepping final assault through east |url=https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2021/08/taliban-encircling-afghan-capital-kabul-prepping-final-assault-through-east.php |publisher=FDD's Long War Journal |language=en |date=14 Ogos 2021 |access-date=15 Ogos 2021 |archive-date=14 Ogos 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814180839/https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2021/08/taliban-encircling-afghan-capital-kabul-prepping-final-assault-through-east.php |url-status=live}}</ref>
* Divisyen ke-111<ref name="lwj14" />
| strength1         = 
| strength2         = 
| casualties1       = 
| casualties2       = 
| casualties3       = 
| notes             = 
| campaignbox       = <!--{{Campaignbox Afghan War}}-->
}}

[[Kabul]], ibu kota [[Afghanistan]], '''jatuh kepada pasukan tentera [[Taliban]]''' pada 15 Ogos 2021 dalam sebahagian dari kemuncak dari [[Serangan Taliban 2021|serangan ketenteraan yang bermula pada Mei 2021]] menentang pemerintah Afghanistan. Penawanan itu berlaku beberapa jam selepas [[Presiden Afghanistan|Presiden]] [[Ashraf Ghani]] melarikan diri dari negara itu.  Sebilangan besar ibu kota [[Wilayah di Afghanistan|wilayah]] Afghanistan jatuh satu demi satu di tengah-tengah penarikan pasukan A.S. yang akan diselesaikan pada akhir Ogos.

Rundingan sedang berlangsung antara delegasi Taliban dan pegawai Afghanistan, walaupun sepertinya tidak mungkin mereka berakhir dengan penyerahan tanpa syarat oleh pemerintah.<ref name="guardian15">{{Cite news |last1=Mistlin |first1=Alex |last2=Sullivan |first2=Helen |last3=Harding |first3=Luke |last4=Harding |first4=Luke |last5=Borger |first5=Julian |last6=Mason |first6=Rowena |date=15 Ogos 2021 |title=Afghanistan: Kabul to shift power to 'transitional administration' after Taliban enter city – live updates |work=The Guardian |language=en |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2021/aug/15/afghanistan-taliban-close-in-on-kabul-as-last-government-stronghold-in-north-falls|access-date=15 Ogos 2021 |issn=0261-3077|archive-date=15 Ogos 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815103044/https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2021/aug/15/afghanistan-taliban-close-in-on-kabul-as-last-government-stronghold-in-north-falls|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.garda.com/crisis24/news-alerts/513486/afghanistan-heavy-fighting-ongoing-on-the-outskirts-of-kabul-as-of-early-aug-15-a-total-blackout-reported-in-the-city |title=Afghanistan: Heavy fighting ongoing on the outskirts of Kabul as of early Aug. 15; a total blackout reported in the city|access-date=15 Ogos 2021|archive-date=15 Ogos 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815010510/https://www.garda.com/crisis24/news-alerts/513486/afghanistan-heavy-fighting-ongoing-on-the-outskirts-of-kabul-as-of-early-aug-15-a-total-blackout-reported-in-the-city|language=en|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0" />  Pemindahan kuasa secara aman telah diminta oleh Taliban, dan pemerintah telah menyatakan kesediaannya untuk mematuhi.  Namun, pemerintah meminta agar kekuasaan dipindahkan ke pemerintahan peralihan, sementara Taliban menginginkan pemindahan kekuasaan sepenuhnya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 Ogos 2021 |title=Taliban officials: there will be no transitional government in Afghanistan |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/taliban-officials-there-will-be-no-transitional-government-afghanistan-2021-08-15/|access-date=15 Ogos 2021 |website=Reuters|archive-date=15 Ogos 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815160956/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/taliban-officials-there-will-be-no-transitional-government-afghanistan-2021-08-15/|language=en|url-status=live}}</ref> Pasukan [[NATO]] masih mengekalkan kehadirannya di Kabul juga.

==Latar belakang==
{{Utama|Serangan Taliban 2021}}
[[Fail:Taliban fighters during 2021 offensive.png|thumb|left|Militan [[Taliban]] ketika [[Serangan Taliban 2021|serangan 2021]].]]

Kumpulan militan [[Taliban]] dan sekutu memulakan serangan meluas pada 1 Mei 2021, serentak dengan penarikan sebahagian besar tentera A.S. dari Afghanistan.  Berikutan kekalahannya yang pesat di seluruh negara, [[Tentera Kebangansaan Afghanistan]] ditinggalkan dalam keadaan huru-hara, dan hanya dua unit yang masih beroperasi pada pertengahan Ogos: Kor 201 dan Divisyen 111, kedua-duanya berpusat di Kabul.  Ibu kota itu sendiri dikepung setelah pasukan Taliban merebut [[Mihtarlam]], [[Sharana]], [[Gardez]], [[Asadabad]], dan bandar-bandad lain serta daerah-daerah di timur.  Pada hari-hari sebelum musim gugur, unjuran untuk keadaan di Kabul dijangka cepat memburuk.  Pegawai A.S. membuat ramalan pada awal Ogos bahawa Kabul dapat bertahan selama beberapa bulan, tetapi minggu kejatuhan membawa ramalan yang lebih suram;  lima hari sebelum Taliban sampai di Kabul, harapan merosot dan analisis menunjukkan ibu kota akan bertahan sekurang-kurangnya dalam "30 hingga 90 hari",<ref name="3090est">{{cite news |last1=Lamothe |first1=Dan |last2=Hudson |first2=John |last3=Harris |first3=Shane |last4=Gearan |first4=Anne |title=U.S. officials warn collapse of Afghan capital could come sooner than expected |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2021/08/10/afghanistan-intelligence-assessment/ |access-date=11 Ogos 2021 |work=The Washington Post |language=en |date=10 Ogos 2021 |archive-date=11 Ogos 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811030221/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2021/08/10/afghanistan-intelligence-assessment/ |url-status=live}}</ref> dan dalam dua hari, para pegawai mencadangkan bandar itu akan jatuh dalam masa seminggu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 Ogos 2021 |title=Taliban expected to reach Afghan capital Kabul 'in seven days', ITV News learns |url=https://www.itv.com/news/2021-08-13/taliban-expected-to-reach-afghan-capital-kabul-in-seven-days-itv-news-learns|access-date=14 Ogos 2021 |website=ITV News|language=en|archive-date=14 Ogos 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814203109/https://www.itv.com/news/2021-08-13/taliban-expected-to-reach-afghan-capital-kabul-in-seven-days-itv-news-learns|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Lihat juga==
* [[Kejatuhan Saigon]]

==Nota==
{{Notelist}}

==Rujukan==
{{Reflist}}

[[Kategori:2021 di Afghanistan]]
[[Kategori:Konflik 2021]]
[[Kategori:2021 di Kabul]]
[[Kategori:Pertempuran dalam Perang di Afghanistan (2001–kini)]]
[[Kategori:Pertempuran 2021]]