US400838A - Dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) l 2 Sheets-Sheet I. J. B. ENTZ.

DYNAMC ELECTRIC MACHINE. No. 400,838. Patented Apr. 2, 1889.A

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J. B. ENTZ.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 400,838. Patented Apr. 2, 1889.

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(Il i lf W UNITED lSTATES PATENT OEEIcE.

JUSTUS B. ENTZ, OF NEV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THOMAS ALVA EDISON, OF LLEVELLYN PARK, NEV JERSEY.

DYNAMOiELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed January 12', 1889.

To all whom; it may concern:

Be it known that I, JUSTUs B. ENTZ, a'citi Zen of the United States, residing at the city of New York, in the county and State of New 5' York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo=Electric Machinery, of which the following' is a specifica tion;

My improvements have reference to that 1o class of dynamo-electric machinery known as unipolar machines, and they contemplate the production of a simplified apparatus of this class which shall be efficient either as a generator or a motor.

In my machine I employ two field-magnets and support them upon a suitable base. The field-magnets are each so constructed as to present an annular field of force, both in the same plane and facing each other. The armature, which is in the form of a pulley, extends into both fields. The shaft of the armature is independent of the field-magnets and has independent bearings on the base. The specic construction of each field-magnet is such that it is formed in two annular parts joined at one end, the inner part being circumferentially grooved to receive a helix without interfering with the armature, a part of which surrounds the helix. The armature itself enters the annular field, but the magnetic portion of it does not pass beyond the immediate field of force. The magnetic infinence of the two fields is thus concentrated. By reason of the same construction all tendency to divert the lines of force is obviated, while an extended surface is provided for the eldmagnet winding'.

I have illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a 4o vertical longitudinal section of my machine.

Fig. 2 is a perspective of the armature. Fig.

3 is a cross-section through one of the fieldmagnets, and Fig. 4 is a central cross-section- In the drawings, A is a base or frame supporting my apparatus, and having at its ends pillow-blocl s A', forming bearings for the shaft S of the armature. The base-frame also supports two held-magnets, consisting of a pair of annular iron shells, B B', which sur- Patent No. 400,838, dated April' 2, 1889. serial No. 296,158. (No miei.)

round, respectnrely, annular iron cores C C. The cores are wound with helices, and each is bolted at its outer end to one of the shells; The opposite or inner ends approach each other and form pole-pieces on opposite sides of an annular magnetic field. The armature'- shaft extends through the center of the annular field-*magnets and has keyed to it (see Fig. at) a pulley, D, the rim of which is of iron. This pulley forms the armature-core. It is located centrally between the field-magnets and projects at each end into the circular magnetic field formed by the approaching annular poles of the magnet.

On the surface of the pulley are secured strips E, of phosphor=bronze or brass, and al; ternate copper strips F, all of which strips extend longitudinally across the pulley, and are bent in slightly at its edges and extend onward for a considerable distance. The cop= per strips are insulated from the pulley and from the strips of phosphor-bronze by mica. The latter strips extend through the annular spaces between the shells and the cores of the magnets from the opposite edges of the pulley across the winding of the field-magnet to near the yokes of such magnets. Beyond the edge of the pulley they support copper collecting-rings G, which are secured to them with interposed insulation. The bending of the strips is to admit the rings without destroying the symmetry of thcarmaturc. Along the surface of the pulley the strips E are riveted or screwed to the rim and serve to keep the copper conductors in place. The collecting rings are insulated from each other. Every copper strip is fastened to the particular ring which serves as its collector, but insulated from all the rest. lt extends no farther than its own collector-ring, being cnt off beyond that point.

rlhe drawings show offsets on both the annular parts of the field-magnets, but those on B B may be dispensed with. It is only necessary to leave room outside the helices for the armature to enter without interference.

lt will be observed that. the magnetic portion of the armature does not pass beyond the lhis arrangement immediate field of force.

serves to concentrate the magnetic influence of the two fields, and also obviates the tendency to divert the lines of force which would be present if the magnetic body of the armature traversed the whole opening outside the helices. f

By disposing the collecting-rings over the windings of the field-magnets such windings can be made to cover practically the entire 1o length of the core of such magnets without necessitating any material enlargement of the machine.-

In the construction shown, two opposite copper strips are put in multiple arc, being 1' 5 joinedtothe same rings. Everyring ispressed upon by a separate brush, H, the brushes being made to project through slits in the shells B'B. Thus every copper strip is independent and has a brush at each end. I'Vith such 2o an arrangement the conductors can be connected up at will, either in multiple arc, in series, or in combination of the two.

The described machine may be used for generator or motor purposes, though I have 2 5 especially designed it to be used for generating electricity. The presence of the shells and the annular or continuous form ,of the fields of force prevent the dissipation of the magnetic iniuence, and also cause that the 3o armature is constantly subjected to the same force. rIhe two field-magnets reenforce each other and make it possible to get the same electro-motive force at a fixed surface speed with one-half the number of conductors and brushes.

Having now described my invention, what I claim isl. In a dynamo-electric machine or motor, an armature carrying independent insulated 4o conductors, and alternate supporting-strips to which are attached collecting-rings, forming terminals for the said conductors, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a dynamoelectricv machineor motor, an armature consisting of a core in the form of a pulley, conducting and supporting strips attached thereto, and collecting-rings secured to the supporting-strips and forming terminals for the conducting-strips, the said supporting-strips extending beyond the pulleys edge, and being bent to receive the rings, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a dynamo-electric machine or motor, the combination, with an annular field-magnet composed of an inner core and a surrounding shell joined to the core at one end and approaching the core at the other end, such approaching ends forming the annular pole-pieces of the magnet, the field-winding 6o lplaced upon the core and leaving a surrounding space between itand the shell, and an annular armature entering the field of force between the poles and extending over tlie'eld; magnet winding, substantially as set forth.

4. In a dynamo-electric machine or motor, the combination, with an annular field-magnet composed of an inner core and a surrounding shell joined to the core at onev end and approaching the core at the other end, such approaching ends forming the annular pole-pieces of the magnet, the field-winding placed upon the core and leaving a surround ing space between it and the shell, an annular armature composed of an iron core, and con; ductors supported by the core entering the field of force between the poles, the conductors extending beyond such field over the mag n et-winding, and collecting-rings connected with such conductors and surrounding the said winding, substantially as set forth.

5. In a dynamo-electric machine or motor, a'pair of field-magnets presenting a pair of annular fields of force opposite each other, a pair of helices beyond the fields of force, and an armature made up of magnetic and nonmagnetic portions, the arrangement being such that the magnetic portions of the armatures enter the fields and the non-magnetic portions continue beyond and surround the helices, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. An armature consisting of an iron pulley supporting conducting-strips, in combination with a pair of field-magnets presenting annular fields around opposite edges of the pulley, the central portion of the pulley being exposed, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with apair of annular field-magnets supported on a suitable base, of an armature and its shaft, the latter passing through the annular magnets and being supported in independent bearings, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. A fieldmagnet constructed in two annularparts, secured together at one end, the inner annulus being circumferentially grooved about its center to admit a heliX without obstruction to outside parts, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. A field-magnet constructed in two annular parts secured together at one end and forming an annular yoke at the other, the inner annulus being circumferentially grooved to admit a helix without obstruction to outl side parts, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

This specification signed and witnessed this 2d day of January, 1889.

JUSTUS B. ENTZ.

Vitn esses:

RoBT. HARDIE, W. S. CLARK.

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