Recent decades have seen a rise in the use of physics methods to study different societal
phenomena. This development has been due to physicists venturing outside of their …

Criticality is the singular state of complex systems poised at the brink of a phase transition
between order and randomness. Such systems display remarkable information-processing …

In many academic fields, the number of papers published each year has increased
significantly over time. Policy measures aim to increase the quantity of scientists, research …

The complexity of many biological, social and technological systems stems from the richness
of the interactions among their units. Over the past decades, a variety of complex systems …

One of the most universal trends in science and technology today is the growth of large
teams in all areas, as solitary researchers and small teams diminish in prevalence …

The brain's efficient information processing is enabled by the interplay between its neuro-
synaptic elements and complex network structure. This work reports on the neuromorphic …

We trace the evolution of research on extreme solar and solar-terrestrial events from the
1859 Carrington event to the rapid development of the last twenty years. Our focus is on the …

Conformal field theories have been long known to describe the fascinating universal physics
of scale invariant critical points. They describe continuous phase transitions in fluids …

The rapid development of digital libraries and the proliferation of scholarly big data have
created an unprecedented opportunity to explore scientific production and reward at scale …

Quantum technologies exploit entanglement to revolutionize computing, measurements, and
communications. This has stimulated the research in different areas of physics to engineer …