February 4
February 4 is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 330 days remaining until the end of the year (331 in leap years).
Events
Up to 1900
- 211 – Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies, leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons, Caracalla and Geta.
- 960 - Song Taizu, founder of the Song Dynasty in China, comes to power in a coup.
- 1169 - Mount Etna on Sicily erupts. It is known exactly how many people were killed.
- 1454 – In the Thirteen Years' War, the Secret Council of the Prussian Confederacy sends a formal act of disobedience to the Grand Master.
- 1546 - The Siege of Pskov in the Livland War ends with the last Polish-Lithuanian forces leaving the city.
- 1703 – The day that forty-six of the forty-seven ronin committed sepuku.
- 1783 – American Revolutionary War: The United Kingdom formally declares that it will cease hostilities with the United States of America.
- 1789 – George Washington is unanimously elected to be the first President of the United States by the U.S. Electoral College.
- 1792 – George Washington is unanimously elected to a second term as President of the United States by the U.S. Electoral College.
- 1794 – The French legislature abolishes slavery throughout all territories of the French Republic.
- 1797 - An earthquake in Riobamba, Ecuador, kills up to 40,000 people.
- 1801 – John Marshall is sworn in as Chief Justice of the United States.
- 1810 – The British Navy seizes Guadeloupe.
- 1820 - The Chilean Navy completes the 2-day long capture of Valdivia, with just 300 men and 2 ships.
- 1825 - A flood along North Sea coasts kills around 800 people.
- 1846 - The first Mormon pioneers leave Nauvoo, Illinois, westward to what later became Salt Lake City.
- 1859 – Codex Sinaiticus discovered in Egypt.
- 1861 – American Civil War: In Montgomery, Alabama the Confederate States of America is formed by delegates from six break-away United States.
- 1862 – Bacardi, one of the world's largest spirits company, was founded as a small distillery in Santiago de Cuba in eastern Cuba.
- 1897 - Germany's first-known ice hockey game takes place in Berlin.
- 1899 – The Philippine-American War begins.
- 1899 - The German football club Werder Bremen is founded.
1901 – 1950
- 1915 – Germany establishes a submarine blockade around the UK and declares any vessel in it a legitimate target.
- 1927 – The first talkie is released – The Jazz Singer starring Al Jolson.
- 1932 – World War II: Japan occupies Harbin, China.
- 1932 – 1932 Winter Olympics open in Lake Placid, New York.
- 1932 – Asteroid 1239 Queteleta discovered by Eugène Joseph Delporte.
- 1934 – Asteroid 2824 Franke discovered by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth.
- 1936 – Radium E. becomes the first radioactive element to be made synthetically.
- 1938 – Thornton Wilder's play Our Town opens (New York City).
- 1938 – Disney's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was released, and it went on to become a major box-office success, making more money than any other movie in 1938.
- 1941 – World War II: The United Service Organization (USO) is created to entertain American troops.
- 1943 – Battle of Stalingrad ends.
- 1945 – World War II: US President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin begin the Yalta Conference.
- 1948 – Ceylon (later renamed Sri Lanka) becomes independent within the British Commonwealth.
1951 – 2000
- 1957 – USS Nautilus, the first nuclear-powered submarine, logged her 60,000th nautical mile, matching the endurance of the fictional Nautilus described in Jules Verne's novel "20,000 Leagues Under the Sea".
- 1960 – Lorraine, Quebec is founded.
- 1962 – Ian Fleming's The Living Daylights first published.
- 1966 – All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 jet plunges into Tokyo Bay killing 133.
- 1967 - Lunar Orbiter 3 launches from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
- 1968 – Bowie Kuhn becomes the fifth commissioner of Major League Baseball, replacing William Eckert.
- 1969 – Yasser Arafat takes over as chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization.
- 1974 – The Symbionese Liberation Army kidnaps Patty Hearst in Berkeley, California.
- 1975 - A magnitude 7.3 earthquake occurs in Haicheng, Liaoning, China.
- 1976 – In Guatemala and Honduras an earthquake kills more than 22,000.
- 1976 – 1976 Winter Olympics open in Innsbruck, Austria.
- 1977 – Fleetwood Mac releases one of the biggest-selling albums of all time, Rumours.
- 1980 – Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini names Abolhassan Banisadr as president of Iran.
- 1991 – The Baseball Hall of Fame votes to ban Pete Rose.
- 1992 - Future-President Hugo Chávez leads a failed coup in Venezuela against Carlos Andres Perez.
- 1996 – A major snowstorm paralyzes the Midwestern United States. Milwaukee, Wisconsin ties its all-time record low temperature at −26 °F. (−32 °C)
- 1997 – O. J. Simpson is found to be civilly liable for the deaths of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman.
- 1997 – En route to Lebanon, two Israeli Sikorsky CH-53 troop-transport helicopters collide in mid-air over northern Galilee, Israel killing 73.
- 1997 – After at first contesting the results, Serbian President Slobodan Milosevic recognizes opposition victories in the November 1996 elections.
- 1998 – An earthquake measuring 6.1 on the Richter Scale in northeast Afghanistan kills more than 5,000.
- 1999 – Unarmed West African immigrant Amadou Diallo is shot dead by four plainclothes New York City police officers on an unrelated stake-out, inflaming race-relations in the city.
- 2000 – USS Iwo Jima (LHD-7) launched.
- 2000 – German extortionist Klaus-Peter Sabotta is jailed for life for attempted murder and extortion in connection with sabotage of German railway lines.
From 2001
- 2002 - The charity Cancer Research UK is founded.
- 2003 - The Hindu minority of Bangladesh declares the independence of Bangabhumi.
- 2003 – The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is officially renamed to Serbia and Montenegro and adopts a new constitution.
- 2004 - The social networking site Facebook is founded by Mark Zuckerberg.
- 2006 - A stampede at the ULTRA Stadium in Manila kills 71 people.
- 2007 – Super Bowl XLI takes place from Dolphins Stadium in Miami, Florida, USA.
- 2013 - It is announced that the remains dug up in a car park in Leicester are those of King Richard III of England.
- 2014 - The Scottish Parliament approves the legalization of same-sex marriage in Scotland, after England and Wales had also legalized it, in 2013.
- 2015 - TransAsia Airways Flight 235 crashes shortly after take-off from Taipei, Taiwan, killing 31 people.
- 2018 - American football: The Philadelphia Eagles win the Super Bowl for the first time, defeating the New England Patriots.
Births
Up to 1900
- 1483 - Ridolfo Ghirlandaio, Italian painter (d. 1561)
- 1505 - Nicolaus Rey, Polish poet (d. 1580)
- 1620 - Gustaf Bonde, Swedish statesman (d. 1667)
- 1639 - Alessandro Melani, Italian composer (d. 1703)
- 1646 – Hans Erasmus Assmann, Freiherr von Abschatz, German statesman and poet (d. 1699)
- 1676 - Giacomo Focco, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1753)
- 1677 – Johann Ludwig Bach, German composer (d. 1731)
- 1740 - Carl Michael Bellman, Swedish poet and composer (d. 1795)
- 1746 – Tadeusz Kosciuszko, Polish general and national hero of Poland and Lithuania (d. 1817)
- 1808 – Josef Kajetan Tyl, Czech playwright (d. 1856)
- 1811 – Aristide Cavaillé-Coll, French organist (d. 1899)
- 1831 - Oliver Ames, 35th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1895)
- 1840 - Hiram Stevens Maxim, American inventor (d. 1916)
- 1846 - Nikolay Umov, Russian physicist (d. 1915)
- 1848 - Jean Aicard, French poet, writer and playwright (d. 1921)
- 1849 - Jean Richepin, French poet (d. 1926)
- 1860 - Jackson Showalter, American chess player (d. 1935)
- 1862 - Hjalmar Hammarskjöld, Swedish politician (d. 1953)
- 1868 - Constance Georgine, Countess Markiewicz, Irish political activist (d. 1927)
- 1871 – Friedrich Ebert, President of Germany (d. 1925)
- 1872 – Goce Delčev, Macedonian revolutionary from Aegean Macedonia (d. 1903)
- 1873 - Mikhail Prishkin, Soviet-Russian writer (d. 1954)
- 1875 – Ludwig Prandtl, German physicist (d. 1953)
- 1881 - Yakov Protazanov, Soviet-Russian movie director (d. 1945)
- 1881 - Kliment Voroshilov, Soviet-Russian politician (d. 1969)
- 1881 - Fernand Léger, French artist (d. 1955)
- 1881 - Eulalio Gutiérrez, Interim President of Mexico (d. 1939)
- 1882 - Princess Louise of Orléans (d. 1958)
- 1883 - Jakob Sildnik, Estonian photographer and movie maker (d. 1973)
- 1891 - M. A. Ayyangar, Indian politician, Speaker of the Lok Sabha (d. 1978)
- 1892 - Andreu Nin, Catalan politician (d. 1937)
- 1893 - Raymond Dart, Australian scientist (d. 1988)
- 1895 – Nigel Bruce, English actor (d. 1953)
- 1896 – Friedrich Hund, German physicist (d. 1997)
- 1897 – Ludwig Erhard, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1977)
- 1897 – Emperor Iyasu V of Ethiopia (d. 1935)
- 1900 – Jacques Prévert, French poet (d. 1977)
1901 – 1925
- 1902 – Charles Lindbergh, American pilot (d. 1974)
- 1902 – Hartley Shawcross, British lawyer and politician (d. 2003)
- 1904 - Deng Yingchao, wife of Chinese leader Zhou Enlai (d. 1992)
- 1904 - MacKinlay Kantor, American writer (d. 1977)
- 1906 – Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German theologian (d. 1945)
- 1906 - Sabine Bonhoeffer, twin sister of Dietrich Bonhoeffer (d. 1999)
- 1906 – Clyde Tombaugh, American astronomer (d. 1997)
- 1906 - Colette Darfeuil, French actress (d. 1998)
- 1907 - Otto Ohlendorf, German SS group leader and war criminal (d. 1951)
- 1912 – Byron Nelson, American golfer (d. 2006)
- 1912 - Louis-Albert Vachon, Canadian archbishop (d. 2006)
- 1913 – Rosa Parks, American Civil Rights activist (d. 2005)
- 1915 – Norman Wisdom, British actor and comedian (d. 2010)
- 1917 – Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan, Last President of United Pakistan (d. 1980)
- 1918 – Ida Lupino, English actress and movie director (d. 1996)
- 1920 - Morton Deutsch, American social psychologist (d. 2017)
- 1920 - Janet Waldo, American actress (d. 2016)
- 1921 - Lotfi A. Zadeh, Soviet-born mathematician and computer scientist (d. 2017)
- 1921 – Betty Friedan, American feminist, activist and writer (d. 2006)
- 1922 – Bhimsen Joshi, Indian singer and musician (d. 2011)
- 1923 - Conrad Bain, Canadian-American actor (d. 2013)
- 1923 - Bonar Bain, Canadian actor (d. 2005)
- 1923 - Belisario Betancur, 53rd President of Colombia
- 1925 - Jutta Hipp, German-American jazz pianist, composer and painter (d. 2003)
- 1925 - Christopher Zeeman, British mathematician (d. 2016)
1926 – 1950
- 1926 – Gyula Grosics, Hungarian footballer (d. 2014)
- 1927 - Horst Ehmke, German politician (d. 2017)
- 1927 - John Martinkovic, American football player (d. 2018)
- 1928 – Kim Yong-nam, North Korean politician
- 1929 – Jerry Adler, American actor
- 1929 – Eduard Zimmermann, German journalist and television presenter (d. 2009)
- 1930 - Arthur E. Chase, American businessman and politician (d. 2015)
- 1930 - Jim Loscutoff, American basketball player (d. 2015)
- 1931 – Isabel Perón, former President of Argentina
- 1932 - Gerhard Hund, German chess player, son of Friedrich Hund
- 1935 - Martti Talvela, Finnish bass (d. 1989)
- 1936 - David Brenner, American comedian, actor and writer (d. 2014)
- 1936 – Gary Conway, American actor
- 1938 - Donald W. Riegle, Jr., United States Senator
- 1940 - George A. Romero, American movie director (d. 2017)
- 1941 - Jiri Raska, Czech ski jumper (d. 2012)
- 1941 – John Steel, British musician
- 1943 - Wanda Rutkiewicz, Polish mountaineer (d. 1989)
- 1943 – Ken Thompson, American computer scientist
- 1945 - Tony Haygarth, English actor (d. 2017)
- 1947 - Dennis C. Blair, American admiral, 3rd Director of Central Intelligence
- 1947 – Dan Quayle, 44th Vice President of the United States
- 1948 – Alice Cooper, American musician
- 1948 - Marisol, Spanish actress & singer
- 1948 – Ram Baran Yadav, 1st President of Nepal
1951 – 1975
- 1951 - Patrick Bergin, Irish actor
- 1952 – Jenny Shipley, 36th Prime Minister of New Zealand
- 1953 - Kitaro, Japanese composer
- 1954 - Andrei Karlov, Russian diplomat (d. 2016)
- 1955 – Mikulas Dzurinda, former Prime Minister of Slovakia
- 1960 - Mark Dawson, English-American talent manager and producer
- 1962 – Clint Black, American musician
- 1962 - John Gordon Sinclair, Scottish actor
- 1962 - Stephen Hammond, English politician
- 1963 - Pirmin Zurbriggen, Swiss skier
- 1964 – Noodles, American guitarist
- 1966 - Viatcheslav Ekimov, Russian cyclist
- 1967 - Sergei Grinkov, Russian figure skater (d. 1995)
- 1969 - Dallas Drake, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1970 - Gabrielle Anwar, English actress
- 1971 - Eric Garcetti, 42nd Mayor of Los Angeles, California
- 1971 - Rob Corddry, American actor, director and producer
- 1972 – Giovanni Silva de Oliveira, Brazilian footballer
- 1972 – Dara Ó Briain, Irish comedian
- 1973 – Oscar de la Hoya, Mexican-American boxer
- 1974 - Mijntje Denners, Dutch field hockey player
- 1975 – Natalie Imbruglia, Australian singer and actress
- 1975 – Vittorio Arrigoni, Italian activist (d. 2011)
From 1976
- 1976 – Cam'ron, American rapper and actor
- 1977 – Gavin DeGraw, American singer
- 1979 – Andrei Arlovski, Belarussian mixed martial artist and actor
- 1980 – Raimonds Vaikulis, Latvian basketball player
- 1981 – Jason Kapono, American basketball player
- 1982 – Ivars Timermanis, Latvian basketball player
- 1982 – Kimberly Wyatt, American singer (Pussycat Dolls)
- 1982 – Chris Sabin, American professional wrestler
- 1983 – Miguel Garcia, Portuguese footballer
- 1983 – Lee Stempniak, American ice hockey player
- 1984 – Mauricio Pinilla, Chilean footballer
- 1985 – Bug Hall, American actor
- 1986 – Asif Ali, Indian actor
- 1987 – Darren O'Dea, Irish footballer
- 1987 – Lucie Safarova, Czech tennis player
- 1988 – Jeff Horn, Australian professional boxer
- 1988 – Carly Patterson, American gymnast
- 1989 – Shogo Suzuki, Japanese actor and musician
- 1990 – Haruka Tomatsu, Japanese voice actress and singer
- 1991 – Mathew Leckie, Australian footballer
Deaths
Up to 1900
- 211 – Septimius Severus, Emperor of Rome (born 146)
- 708 – Pope Sisinnius
- 784 – Hrabanus Maurus, German poet
- 856 – Rabanus Maurus, Bishop of Mainz
- 869 – Saint Cyril, after whom the Cyrillic alphabet is named (born 827)
- 1161 - King Inge I of Norway (b. 1135)
- 1615 - Giovanni Battista della Porta, Italian polymath (born 1535)
- 1694 - Natalya Kyrillovna Naryshkina, Tsaritsa of Russia (born 1651)
- 1713 – Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury (born 1671)
- 1774 - Charles Marie de La Condamine, French mathematician and geographer (born 1701)
- 1781 – Josef Myslivecek, composer (born 1737)
- 1843 - Theodoros Kolokotronis, Greek general (born 1770)
- 1894 – Adolphe Sax, Belgian instrument maker, inventor of the saxophone (born 1814)
1901 – 2000
- 1905 – Louis-Ernest Barrias, French sculptor (born 1841)
- 1928 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate (born 1853)
- 1928 - Manche Masemola, South African girl and Christian martyr (born 1913)
- 1933 – Archibald Sayce, educator (born 1846)
- 1935 - J. Henry Birtles, English rugby player (born 1874)
- 1936 – Wilhelm Gustloff, German leader of the Swiss Nazi party (born 1895)
- 1941 - Louis Lincoln Emmerson, 27th Governor of Illinois (born 1863)
- 1943 - Frank Calder, first NHL President (born 1877)
- 1944 – Yvette Guilbert, French singer and actress (born 1867)
- 1953 - Antonio Conte, Italian fencer (born 1867)
- 1956 - Savielly Tartakower, Polish chess player (born 1887)
- 1958 – Henry Kuttner, science fiction writer (born 1915)
- 1967 - Albert Orsborn, 6th General of the Salvation Army (born 1886)
- 1968 – Neal Cassady, writer (born 1926)
- 1968 – Gilbert H. Grosvenor, President of the National Geographic Society (born 1875)
- 1969 – Thelma Ritter, actress (born 1905)
- 1974 – Satyendra Nath Bose, Indian physicist (born 1894)
- 1975 – Louis Jordan, musician (born 1908)
- 1983 – Karen Carpenter, U.S. singer, musician (Carpenters) (born 1950)
- 1984 – Anna Anderson, claimant to the throne of Russia (born 1896)
- 1987 – Liberace, American musician (born 1919)
- 1987 – Carl Rogers, psychologist (born 1902)
- 1992 - Lisa Fonssagrives, Swedish model (born 1911)
- 1995 – Godfrey Brown, athlete and teacher (born 1915)
- 1995 – Patricia Highsmith, American writer (born 1921)
- 1999 – Amadou Bailo Diallo, shot by New York City police (born 1975)
- 2000 – Doris Coley, singer, member of the Shirelles (born 1941)
- 2000 – Carl Albert, former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (born 1908)
From 2001
- 2001 – Iannis Xenakis, Greek-French composer (born 1922)
- 2001 – J. J. Johnson, jazz trombonist and jazz composer (born 1924)
- 2002 - Agatha Barbara, Maltese politician (born 1923)
- 2002 - George Nader, American actor (born 1921)
- 2005 – Ossie Davis, American actor (born 1917)
- 2006 - Betty Friedan, American feminist, activist and writer (born 1921)
- 2007 - Barbara McNair, American singer and actress (born 1934)
- 2008 - Stefan Meller, Polish politician (born 1942)
- 2009 - Lux Interior, American musician (born 1946)
- 2011 - Lena Nyman, Swedish actress (born 1944)
- 2011 - Martial Celestin, Haitian lawyer, diplomat and politician (born 1913)
- 2012 - Mike deGruy, American documentary movie maker (born 1951)
- 2012 - Andrew Wight, Australian screenwriter and producer (born 1960)
- 2012 - Florence Green, British supercentenarian and last-surviving World War I service veteran (born 1901)
- 2013 - Reg Presley, English singer-songwriter (born 1941)
- 2013 - Essie Mae Washington-Williams, American educator (born 1925)
- 2014 - Wu Ma, Chinese-Hong Kong actor and director (born 1942)
- 2014 - Keith Allen, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1923)
- 2015 - Sajida Mubarak Atrous al-Rishawi, Iraqi terrorist (born 1970)
- 2015 - Eduardo Laborde, Argentine rugby player (born 1967)
- 2015 - Fitzhugh L. Fulton, American NASA research pilot (born 1925)
- 2015 - Wes Cooley, American politician (born 1932)
- 2016 - Maurice White, American singer (born 1941)
- 2016 - Marlow Cook, American politician (born 1926)
- 2016 - Edgar Whitcomb, American politician, 43rd Governor of Indiana (born 1917)
- 2016 - Axl Rotten, American professional wrestler (born 1971)
- 2016 - Dave Mirra, American BMX rider (born 1974)
- 2016 - Edgar Mitchell, American astronaut (born 1930)
- 2017 - Basil Hetzel, Australian medical researcher (born 1922)
- 2017 - Bano Qudsia, Pakistani writer (born 1928)
- 2017 - Georgi Taratorkin, Russian actor (born 1945)
- 2017 - Hans van der Hoek, Dutch footballer (born 1933)
- 2017 - John Howes, American professor of Asian Studies (born 1924)
- 2017 - Steve Lang, Canadian rock musician (born 1949)
- 2017 - Marc Spitz, American writer (born 1969)
- 2018 - Alan Baker, English mathematician (born 1939)
- 2018 - Martin Grüner, German politician (born 1929)
- 2018 - Edwin Jackson, American football player (born 1991)
- 2018 - John Mahoney, British-American actor (born 1940)
- 2018 - Séamus Pattison, Irish politician (born 1936)
- 2018 - Wojciech Pokora, Polish actor (born 1934)
Observances
- Independence Day (Sri Lanka)
- Rosa Parks Day (United States)
- Day of the Armed Struggle (Angola)
- World Cancer Day