Qrim
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Nomi rasmī | Xatoi Lua: expandTemplate: template "lang-crh-latn" does not exist. |
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Qit'a | Avrupo |
Kişvar | |
Vohidi marziju ma'murī | Çumhuriji Xudmuxtori Qrim[d] va Republic of Crimea[d] |
Çojgir ast dar nazdi obanbori | Bahri Sijoh va Azov |
Mavqeijat | South European Russia[d] va southern Ukraine[d] |
Adokunandai molikijat | Rusija va Ukrojn |
Şakli zaminī | Data:Ukraine/Crimea.map |
Balandtarin nuqta | Roman-Kosh[d] |
Şumorai aholī |
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Masohat |
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Economy of topic | economy of Crimea[d] |
Demographics of topic | demographics of Crimea[d] |
Gurūh baroi odamoni dar inço dafnşuda | Q7976625? |
Gurūh baroi nazari element | Category:Views of Crimea[d] |
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Qrim (ukr. Krim, qrimtotorī: Qыrыm, Qrim), incunin nimçazirai Qrim (ukr. Krimsьkij pіvostrіv, qrimtot. Qırım yarımadası, Kyrym yarymadası), peştar Tavrija (jun. Ταυρίδα) — nimçazira dar qismi çanubu şarqiji Avrupo, qismi zijodi Qrim dar hududi Russija va qisman dar hududi vilojati Xersoni Ukroin çojgir ast. Bo bahrhoi Azovu Sijoh ihota şuda, tavassuti gardanai kambari Perekop ba materik mepajvandad (to 8 km). Masohataş taqriban 27 hazor km2. Tūlaş az şimol ba çanub — 207 km, az ƣarb ba şarq — 324 km. Dar boloi gululugohi Kerc pule iborat az du baxş — avtomobilgard va rohi ohan soxta şudast, ki nimçazirahoi Kerc va Tamanro mepajvandad.
Nom[viroiş | edit source]
Nimçazirai Qrim az zamonhoi qadim ba nomi Tavrika maşhur bud, ki az nomi sokinoni avvalijai on dar qismi çanubiji nimçazira — aqvomi tavrik girifta şudaast. Nomi hozirai nimçazira az asri 13 ba ba'd maşhur şud va on az nomi şahri «Kiirim» — qarorgohi xoni Urdai tiloī vom şudaast.
Ma'lumoti asosī[viroiş | edit source]
Çuƣrofijo[viroiş | edit source]
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Xatti sohiliji Q. nohamvor ast: dar ƣarb nimçaz. Tarxankut, dar şimol gulugohi Karkinit, dar çanub gulugohi Kalamit va dar şarq nimçazirai Kerc çudo meşavand. Qad-qadi sohilhoi şarqī manzumai gulugohhoi kamobi Sivoş tūl mekaşad, ki b. Azovro az zabonai Arabat çudo mekunad.
Caşmandoz (Relef)[viroiş | edit source]
Qismi zijodi Qrim az hamvorī iborat ast: homunhoi Prisivaş, Indol, Almin (balandī to 30 m) va balandihoi Tarxankut, Qrimi Markazī, Kerc. Dar çanubi Qrim kūhhoi Qrim iborat az se qatorkūh, dar ƣarb manzumai qullahoi Bajdar, Aj-Petrin, Jaltin, Nikit, Gurzuf, Bagugan-ajla va dar şarq nohijahoi çudoşuda (Cotirdoƣ, Demerçi-ajla, Ajlai Dolgorukov, Karabi-Ajla) çojgirand. Dar nuqtahoi balandi silsilakūhho relef şakli karstī dorad.
Soxti geologī[viroiş | edit source]
Az rūi xususijathoi tektonikī, qismi zijodi Qrim (şimolu şarqī) ba platformai çavoni skifī bo qismi asosiji cindori paleozoī va qabati boloi tahşiniji mezozoivu kajnozoī taalluq dorad. Kūhhoi Qrim az sisilai cindori Dobruƶanskij-Qrimu Qafqozi Kopedoƣi mintaqahoi serharakati Alpu Himoloj iborat buda, soxti kūhiji kimerivu alpī va cindor dorad. Kandanihoi foidanoki Qrim az ma'odini ohan, simon, ohaksang, marmar, bazalt, namaksang, gazu naft va obhoi şirinu mineralī iboratand.
Iqlim[viroiş | edit source]
Dar hamvorihoi Qrim ba'zan iqlim kontinentaliji mijona ast. Harorati mijonai janvar dar hamvoriho az −2 to 0 , dar domanakūhhoi şimolī to −1,5 −20 past şuda, dar Silsilakūhi asosī az −4 to −50 va dar sohilhoi çanubī 2-40 -ro taşkil medihad. Harorati mijonai ijul 22 to 24 meboşad. Borişoti haddi mijona dar davomi sol 350—450 mm, dar qismi ƣarbiji domanakūhhoi Kūhhoi Qrim va Sohili çanubiji Qrim az 500 to 600 mm, qatorkūhhoi ƣarbiji Silsilakūhi asosī to 1000—1500 zijod meşavad. Borişoti zijod dar domanakūhhovu hamvoriho ba mohhoi ijun-ijul, dar Sohili çanubiji Qrim va qatorkūhho ba mohhoi janvaru fevral rost meojad.
Darjo va kūlho[viroiş | edit source]
Darjohoi Qrim aksar kūtohu kamoband, ki tobiston bisjori onho xuşk meşavand. Darjohoi nisbatan purobi Qrim dar qatorkūhhoi qismi çanubī çojgirand: Salgir, Alma, Kaca, Belbek, Sijoh, Bulganak. Darjohoi asosī az nişebihoi buzurgi kūhhoi Qrim sarcaşma megirand. Manbai obho gunogun buda, sathaşon vobasta ba mavsim zud-zud ivaz meşavad.
Kūlhoi Qrim asosan qad-qadi sohil çojgirand. Kalontarin kūli Qrim Sasiqkūl ast, ki ba gurūhi kūhhoi Evpatorija taalluq dorad. Baroi objorī va digar talabothoi maişī nahrho va zijoda az 20 obanbor soxta şudaast.Şablon:Karta Krыma-krajnie tocki
Muşkilotī bumşinosī[viroiş | edit source]
Muşkiloti asosiji bumşinoxtiji Qrim ba xarçi bebozgaşti ob hangomi objorī va çarajon meboşad. Taqr. 42 darsaddi obho, ki az havzai darjoi Dnepr ba vositai Nahri Qrimi Şimolī çarajon megirand, xuşku buxor meşavand va jo ba gul. Sivoş merezand. In amal boisi şūra gaştani zaminhoi kişt va xuşk gaştani hudud meşavad. Dar hududi Çumhuriji Qrim 8 mintaqai tabiiji maxsus hifzşavanda mavçud ast.
Maşhurtarin şahrhoi Qrim Sevastopol, Simferepol, Kerc, Evpatorija va Feodosija meboşand.
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Ezoh[viroiş | edit source]
- Şarhho
- Sarcaşmaho
Adabijot[viroiş | edit source]
- Jakobson A. L. Srednevekovыj Krыm: Ocerki istoriji i istoriji materialьnoj kulьturы. — M.-L.: Nauka, 1964. — 232 s.
- Jakobson A. L. Krыm v srednie veka. — M.: Nauka, 1973. — 176 s. — (Iz istoriji mirovoj kulьturы).
- Ferenntseva Ju. V. Progulka po Krыmu: Putevoditelь. — Simferopolь, 2003. — 244 s.
- Şaufler Gugo. Ƶiznь i tvorcestvo v Krыmu: zapiski arxitektora. — Simferopolь, 2004. — 34 s.
- Krыm: Lucşie mesta. Fotoputevoditelь. — Simferopolь: SVІT, 2011. — 48 s.
Pajvand[viroiş | edit source]
- Krыmskij poluostrov // Entsiklopediceskij slovarь Brokgauza i Efrona : v 86 t. (82 t. i 4 dop.). — SPb., 1890—1907.
- Krыm // Bolьşaja sovetskaja entsiklopedija : [v 30 t.] / gl. red. A. M. Proxorov. — 3-e izd. — M. : Sovetskaja entsiklopedija, 1969—1978.
- Slovarь sovremennыx geograficeskix nazvanij / Rus. geogr. o-vo. Mosk. tsentr; Pod obщ. red. akad. V. M. Kotljakova. Institut geografiji RAN. — Ekaterinburg: U-Faktorija, 2006.
- Krыm — statьja iz Rossijskogo gumanitarnogo entsiklopediceskogo slovarja
- Fotografiji prirodы Krыma
- Interaktivnaja karta Krыma, s otmecennыmi dostoprimecatelьnostjami
- Fotografiji gornogo Krыma