Mirabay

Mirabay^[1] nomi bilan mashhur boʻlgan va Sant Meerabai hurmatga sazovor boʻlgan. U 1498-yilda tug'ilgan. 1547-yilda vafot etadi. Meera 16-asrda yashagan hindu tasavvuf shoiri va Krishnaning dindori edi. U mashhur Bhakti avliyosi, ayniqsa Shimoliy Hindiston hindu an'analarida.^[2]^[3]

Mirabai Kudki shahrida hozirgi Rajasthanning Pali tumani Rathore Rajput qirollik oilasida tug'ilgan va bolaligini Mertada o'tkazgan. U Bhaktamalda tilga olinadi, bu uning mil.avv.1600-yillarda mashhurligi va Bhakti harakati madaniyatida qadrli shaxs ekanligini tasdiqlaydi.^[4]^[5]

Mirabay afsonalarda uning ijtimoiy va oilaviy anjumanlarga qo'rqmasligi, Krishnaga bo'lgan sadoqati, Krishnaga o'z eridek ko'rar edi va diniy sadoqati uchun qaynona-qaynota tomonidan zilm ko'rganligi haqida so'z boradi. U ko'plab xalq ertaklari va xagiografik afsonalarning mavzusi ular bir-biriga mos kelmaydigan yoki tafsilotlari jihatidan juda farq qiladi. ^[6]

Biografiya

Mirabay haqida haqiqiy ma'lumotlar yo'q va olimlar Meeraning tarjimai holini uning sanasi va boshqa lahzalari eslatib o'tilgan 2-darajali adabiyotlardan aniqlashga harakat qilishdi. Meera 1516-yilda Mevarning valiahd shahzodasi Bxoj Rajga istamagan holda turmushga chiqdi^[7]^[8] Uning turmush o'rtog'i 1518-yilda Dehli sultonligi bilan davom etayotgan urushlardan birida yaralangan va 1521-yilda jangovar jarohatlardan vafot etgan. Uning otasi ham, qaynotasi ham ( Rana Sanga ) birinchi Mug‘al imperatori Boburga qarshi Xanva jangida mag‘lubiyatga uchraganidan bir necha kun o‘tib vafot etgan.

She'riyat

Meera Bayning ko'plab kompozitsiyalari bugungi kunda Hindistonda, asosiy bag'ishlangan qo'shiqlar ( bhajanlar ) sifatida kuylashda davom etmoqda, garchi ularning deyarli barchasi falsafiy ma'noga ega edi.^[10] Uning eng mashhur kompozitsiyalaridan biri " Paayoji maine Naam Ratan dhan paayo " bo'lib qolmoqda. Mirabayraning she'rlari Rajasthan tilida lirik padalar (metrik misralar) dir.^[11] Minglab oyatlar unga tegishli bo'lsa-da, olimlar ularning qanchasini Meeraning o'zi yozganligi haqida turlicha fikrda.^[12] Uning she'riyatining o'z davridan saqlanib qolgan qo'lyozmalari yo'q va unga ikkita she'r yozilgan eng qadimgi yozuvlar 18-asr boshlarida, u Dvarka ibodatxonasidagi Dvarkadxish haykaliga botganidan keyin 150 yildan ko'proq vaqt o'tgach.^[13]

Mirabay kompozitsiyalari

Raag Govind
Govind Tika
Raag Soratha
Meera Ki Malhar
Mira Padavali
Narsi ji Ka Mayara
Sanson Ki Mala Pe

Yana qarang

Andal
Akka Mahadevi
Bhajan

Adabiyotlar

↑ „Mira Bai“. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2018-yil 4-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2015-yil 30-iyul.
↑ Karen Pechelis (2004), The Graceful Guru, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195145373, pages 21-23, 29-30
↑ Neeti Sadarangani (2004), Bhakti Poetry in Medieval India: Its Inception, Cultural Encounter and Impact, Sarup & Sons, ISBN 978-8176254366, pages 76-80
↑ Catherine Asher and Cynthia Talbot (2006), India before Europe, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0521809047, page 109
↑ Annals And Antiquities Of Rajasthan Vol. 1 Page no. 75
↑ Nancy Martin-Kershaw (2014), Faces of the Feminine in Ancient, Medieval, and Modern India (Editor: Mandakranta Bose), Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195352771, pages 162-178
↑ Usha Nilsson (1997), Mira bai, Sahitya Akademi, ISBN 978-8126004119, pages 12-13
↑ Nancy Martin-Kershaw (2014), Faces of the Feminine in Ancient, Medieval, and Modern India (Editor: Mandakranta Bose), Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195352771, page 165
↑ Edwin Bryant (2007), Krishna: A Sourcebook, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195148923, page 244
↑ Subramanian, VK. Mystic songs of Meera (in Hindi and English). Abhinav publications, 1 February 2005. ISBN 8170174589. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 23-noyabr.
↑ Usha Nilsson (1997), Mira bai, Sahitya Akademi, ISBN 978-8126004119, pages 16-17
↑ „Meera ke bhajan (Hindi)“. www.hindividya.com. Hindi Vidya (2016-yil 10-iyun). 2018-yil 23-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 23-noyabr.
↑ John Stratton Hawley (2002), Asceticism (Editors: Vincent Wimbush, Richard Valantasi), Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195151381, pages 301-302

Havolalar

Mīrabāī va uning Bhakti Harakatiga qo'shgan hissalari, SM Pandey va Norman Zide (1965), Dinlar tarixi, jild. 5, № 1, 54–73-betlar
Rajastandagi Mirabai, Parita Mukta (1989)
Musiqa nazariyasi sinfida feministik va g'arbiy bo'lmagan istiqbollar: Jon Xarbisonning "Mirabai qo'shiqlari, Emi Karr-Richardson (2002), Kollej musiqasi simpoziumi, 42-jild, 20–36-betlar) o'rganish.
Krishnasiz qo'shiq yo'q, Devid Kinsli (1972), Dinlar tarixi, jild. 12, No 2, 149-180-betlar
"Tilning shirinligi bilan": Rajasthandagi ayol sadhusning og'zaki hayotidagi burch, taqdir va sadoqat, Antuanetta E. DeNapoli (2009), Osiyo etnologiyasi, jild. 68, № 1, 81–109-betlar

[brit1-1] „Mira Bai“. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2018-yil 4-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2015-yil 30-iyul.

[2] Karen Pechelis (2004), The Graceful Guru, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195145373, pages 21-23, 29-30

[3] Neeti Sadarangani (2004), Bhakti Poetry in Medieval India: Its Inception, Cultural Encounter and Impact, Sarup & Sons, ISBN 978-8176254366, pages 76-80

[asher-4] Catherine Asher and Cynthia Talbot (2006), India before Europe, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0521809047, page 109

[5] Annals And Antiquities Of Rajasthan Vol. 1 Page no. 75

[nancy-6] Nancy Martin-Kershaw (2014), Faces of the Feminine in Ancient, Medieval, and Modern India (Editor: Mandakranta Bose), Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195352771, pages 162-178

[usha13-7] Usha Nilsson (1997), Mira bai, Sahitya Akademi, ISBN 978-8126004119, pages 12-13

[8] Nancy Martin-Kershaw (2014), Faces of the Feminine in Ancient, Medieval, and Modern India (Editor: Mandakranta Bose), Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195352771, page 165

[9] Edwin Bryant (2007), Krishna: A Sourcebook, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195148923, page 244

[10] Subramanian, VK. Mystic songs of Meera (in Hindi and English). Abhinav publications, 1 February 2005. ISBN 8170174589. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 23-noyabr.

[usha17-11] Usha Nilsson (1997), Mira bai, Sahitya Akademi, ISBN 978-8126004119, pages 16-17

[12] „Meera ke bhajan (Hindi)“. www.hindividya.com. Hindi Vidya (2016-yil 10-iyun). 2018-yil 23-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 23-noyabr.

[hawley-13] John Stratton Hawley (2002), Asceticism (Editors: Vincent Wimbush, Richard Valantasi), Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195151381, pages 301-302

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