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2009 AEA Annual JEL Classification Codes Guide
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Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) Classification SystemClick on any subject category to see the full list of classifications for that category. Alternatively, the JEL Classification Codes Guide is now available online. Additionally, you may now download an xml file of JEL Codes. JEL Codes are 3-digit, but EconLit searches require the use the four digit codes consisting of the 3-digit JEL code plus a 0. The EconLit subject descriptors are the same as the Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) classification codes. [ (Updated!) Indicates new or changed descriptor]
B - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods D - Microeconomics E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics F - International Economics G - Financial Economics H - Public Economics I - Health, Education, and Welfare J - Labor and Demographic Economics K - Law and Economics L - Industrial Organization M - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting N - Economic History O - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth P - Economic Systems Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics R - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics Y - Miscellaneous Categories Z - Other Special Topics A - General Economics and Teaching
A10 - General A11 - Role of Economics; Role of Economists; Market for Economists A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values A14 - Sociology of Economics A19 - Other A20 - General A21 - Pre-college A22 - Undergraduate A23 - Graduate A29 - Other A30 - General A31 - Collected Writings of Individuals A32 - Volumes A33 - Handbooks A39 - Other Go to MENUB - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches (Updated!)
B00 - General B10 - General B11 - Preclassical B12 - Classical B13 - Neoclassical through 1925 B14 - Socialist; Marxist B15 - Historical; Institutional B16 - History of Economic Thought: Quantitative and Mathematical B19 - Other B20 - General B21 - Microeconomics B22 - Macroeconomics B23 - History of Economic Thought: Econometrics; Quantitative and Mathematical Studies B24 - Socialist; Marxist; Sraffian B25 - Historical; Institutional; Evolutionary; Austrian B29 - Other B30 - General B31 - Individuals B32 - Obituaries B40 - General B41 - Economic Methodology B49 - Other B50 - General B51 - Socialist; Marxian; Sraffian B52 - Institutional; Evolutionary B53 - Austrian B54 - Feminist Economics B59 - Other Go to MENUC - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods
C00 - General C01 - Econometrics C02 - Mathematical Methods C10 - General C11 - Bayesian Analysis C12 - Hypothesis Testing C13 - Estimation C14 - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods C15 - Simulation Methods C16 - Specific Distributions C19 - Other C20 - General C21 - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models; Quantile Regressions (Updated!) C22 - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions (Updated!) C23 - Models with Panel Data C24 - Truncated and Censored Models C25 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors (Updated!) C29 - Other C30 - General C31 - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models; Quantile Regressions (Updated!) C32 - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions (Updated!) C33 - Models with Panel Data C34 - Truncated and Censored Models C35 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors (Updated!) C39 - Other C40 - General C41 - Duration Analysis C42 - Classificaton Discontinued 2008. See C83. C43 - Index Numbers and Aggregation C44 - Statistical Decision Theory; Operations Research C45 - Neural Networks and Related Topics C46 - Specific Distributions; Specific Statistics (Updated!) C49 - Other C50 - General C51 - Model Construction and Estimation C52 - Model Evaluation and Selection C53 - Forecasting and Other Model Applications C59 - Other C60 - General C61 - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis C62 - Existence and Stability Conditions of Equilibrium C63 - Computational Techniques; Simulation Modeling (Updated!) C65 - Miscellaneous Mathematical Tools C67 - Input–Output Models C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models C69 - Other C70 - General C71 - Cooperative Games C72 - Noncooperative Games C73 - Stochastic and Dynamic Games; Evolutionary Games; Repeated Games C78 - Bargaining Theory; Matching Theory C79 - Other C80 - General C81 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data C82 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data C83 - Survey Methods; Sampling Methods (Updated!) C87 - Econometric Software C88 - Other Computer Software C89 - Other C90 - General C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior C92 - Laboratory, Group Behavior C93 - Field Experiments C99 - Other Go to MENUD - Microeconomics
D00 - General D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles D02 - Institutions: Design, Formation, and Operations D03 - Behavioral Economics; Underlying Principles (Updated!) D10 - General D11 - Consumer Economics: Theory D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation D14 - Personal Finance D18 - Consumer Protection D19 - Other D20 - General D21 - Firm Behavior D23 - Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights D24 - Production; Cost; Capital and Total Factor Productivity; Capacity D29 - Other D30 - General D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions D33 - Factor Income Distribution D39 - Other D40 - General D41 - Perfect Competition D42 - Monopoly D43 - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection D44 - Auctions D45 - Rationing; Licensing D46 - Value Theory D49 - Other D50 - General D51 - Exchange and Production Economies D52 - Incomplete Markets D53 - Financial Markets D57 - Input–Output Tables and Analysis D58 - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models D59 - Other D60 - General D61 - Allocative Efficiency; Cost–Benefit Analysis D62 - Externalities D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement D64 - Altruism D69 - Other D70 - General D71 - Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations D72 - Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior D73 - Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption D74 - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances D78 - Positive Analysis of Policy-Making and Implementation D79 - Other D80 - General D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty D82 - Asymmetric and Private Information D83 - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief D84 - Expectations; Speculations D85 - Network Formation and Analysis: Theory D86 - Economics of Contract: Theory D87 - Neuroeconomics D89 - Other D90 - General D91 - Intertemporal Consumer Choice; Life Cycle Models and Saving D92 - Intertemporal Firm Choice and Growth, Investment, or Financing D99 - Other Go to MENUE - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics
E00 - General E01 - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth E02 - Institutions and the Macroeconomy (Updated!) E10 - General E11 - Marxian; Sraffian; Institutional; Evolutionary E12 - Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian E13 - Neoclassical E17 - Forecasting and Simulation E19 - Other E20 - General E21 - Consumption; Saving; Wealth E22 - Capital; Investment; Capacity E23 - Production E24 - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital (Updated!) E25 - Aggregate Factor Income Distribution E26 - Informal Economy; Underground Economy E27 - Forecasting and Simulation E29 - Other E30 - General E31 - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation E32 - Business Fluctuations; Cycles E37 - Forecasting and Simulation E39 - Other E40 - General E41 - Demand for Money E42 - Monetary Systems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System; Payment Systems (Updated!) E43 - Determination of Interest Rates; Term Structure of Interest Rates E44 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy E47 - Forecasting and Simulation E49 - Other E50 - General E51 - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers E52 - Monetary Policy E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies E59 - Other E60 - General E61 - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination E62 - Fiscal Policy E63 - Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy; Stabilization E64 - Incomes Policy; Price Policy E65 - Studies of Particular Policy Episodes E66 - General Outlook and Conditions E69 - Other Go to MENUF - International Economics
F00 - General F01 - Global Outlook F02 - International Economic Order F10 - General F11 - Neoclassical Models of Trade F12 - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies F13 - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations F14 - Country and Industry Studies of Trade F15 - Economic Integration F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions F17 - Trade Forecasting and Simulation F18 - Trade and Environment F19 - Other F20 - General F21 - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements F22 - International Migration F23 - Multinational Firms; International Business F24 - Remittances F29 - Other F30 - General F31 - Foreign Exchange F32 - Current Account Adjustment; Short-Term Capital Movements F33 - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions F34 - International Lending and Debt Problems F35 - Foreign Aid F36 - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration F37 - International Finance Forecasting and Simulation F39 - Other F40 - General F41 - Open Economy Macroeconomics F42 - International Policy Coordination and Transmission F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies F47 - Forecasting and Simulation F49 - Other F50 - General F51 - International Conflicts; Negotiations; Sanctions F52 - National Security; Economic Nationalism F53 - International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations F54 - Colonialism; Imperialism; Postcolonialism F55 - International Institutional Arrangements F59 - International Relations and International Political Economy: Other Go to MENUG - Financial Economics
G00 - General G01 - Financial Crises (Updated!) G10 - General G11 - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions G12 - Asset Pricing; Trading volume; Bond Interest Rates G13 - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing G14 - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies G15 - International Financial Markets G17 - Financial Forecasting (Updated!) G18 - Government Policy and Regulation G19 - Other G20 - General G21 - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages G22 - Insurance; Insurance Companies G23 - Pension Funds; Other Private Financial Institutions G24 - Investment Banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage; Ratings and Ratings Agencies (Updated!) G28 - Government Policy and Regulation G29 - Other G30 - General G31 - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies G32 - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure G33 - Bankruptcy; Liquidation G34 - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance G35 - Payout Policy G38 - Government Policy and Regulation G39 - Other Go to MENUH - Public Economics
H00 - General H10 - General H11 - Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government H19 - Other H20 - General H21 - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation H22 - Incidence H23 - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies H24 - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies H25 - Business Taxes and Subsidies H26 - Tax Evasion H27 - Other Sources of Revenue H29 - Other H30 - General H31 - Household H32 - Firm H39 - Other H40 - General H41 - Public Goods H42 - Publicly Provided Private Goods H43 - Project Evaluation; Social Discount Rate H44 - Publicly Provided Goods: Mixed Markets H49 - Other H50 - General H51 - Government Expenditures and Health H52 - Government Expenditures and Education H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs H54 - Infrastructures; Other Public Investment and Capital Stock H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions H56 - National Security and War H57 - Procurement H59 - Other H60 - General H61 - Budget; Budget Systems H62 - Deficit; Surplus H63 - Debt; Debt Management H68 - Forecasts of Budgets, Deficits, and Debt H69 - Other H70 - General H71 - State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue H72 - State and Local Budget and Expenditures H73 - Interjurisdictional Differentials and Their Effects H74 - State and Local Borrowing H75 - State and Local Government: Health, Education, and Welfare H76 - State and Local Government: Other Expenditure Categories H77 - Intergovernmental Relations; Federalism; Secession H79 - Other H80 - General H81 - Governmental Loans, Loan Guarantees, Credits, and Grants H82 - Governmental Property H83 - Public Administration; Public Sector Accounting and Audits (Updated!) H87 - International Fiscal Issues; International Public Goods H89 - Other Go to MENUI - Health, Education, and Welfare
I00 - General I10 - General I11 - Analysis of Health Care Markets I12 - Health Production I18 - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health I19 - Other I20 - General (Updated!) I21 - Analysis of Education I22 - Educational Finance I23 - Higher Education Research Institutions (Updated!) I28 - Government Policy I29 - Other I30 - General I31 - General Welfare I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty I38 - Government Policy; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs I39 - Other Go to MENUJ - Labor and Demographic Economics
J00 - General J01 - Labor Economics: General J08 - Labor Economics Policies J10 - General J11 - Demographic Trends and Forecasts J12 - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure; Domestic Abuse J13 - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth J14 - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped J15 - Economics of Minorities and Races; Non-labor Discrimination J16 - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination J17 - Value of Life; Forgone Income J18 - Public Policy J19 - Other J20 - General J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply J23 - Labor Demand J24 - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity J26 - Retirement; Retirement Policies J28 - Safety; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy J29 - Other J30 - General J31 - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials J32 - Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits; Private Pensions J33 - Compensation Packages; Payment Methods J38 - Public Policy J39 - Other J40 - General J41 - Labor Contracts J42 - Monopsony; Segmented Labor Markets J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets J44 - Professional Labor Markets; Occupational Licensing (Updated!) J45 - Public Sector Labor Markets J48 - Public Policy J49 - Other J50 - General J51 - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects J52 - Dispute Resolution: Strikes, Arbitration, and Mediation; Collective Bargaining J53 - Labor–Management Relations; Industrial Jurisprudence J54 - Producer Cooperatives; Labor Managed Firms; Employee Ownership (Updated!) J58 - Public Policy J59 - Other J60 - General J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers J62 - Job, Occupational, and Intergenerational Mobility J63 - Turnover; Vacancies; Layoffs J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search J65 - Unemployment Insurance; Severance Pay; Plant Closings J68 - Public Policy J69 - Other J70 - General J71 - Discrimination J78 - Public Policy J79 - Other J80 - General J81 - Working Conditions J82 - Labor Force Composition J83 - Workers' Rights J88 - Public Policy J89 - Other Go to MENUK - Law and Economics
K00 - General K10 - General K11 - Property Law K12 - Contract Law K13 - Tort Law and Product Liability K14 - Criminal Law K19 - Other K20 - General K21 - Antitrust Law K22 - Corporation and Securities Law K23 - Regulated Industries and Administrative Law K29 - Other K30 - General K31 - Labor Law K32 - Environmental, Health, and Safety Law K33 - International Law K34 - Tax Law K35 - Personal Bankruptcy Law K36 - Family and Personal Law K39 - Other K40 - General K41 - Litigation Process K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law K49 - Other Go to MENUL - Industrial Organization
L00 - General L10 - General L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms L12 - Monopoly; Monopolization Strategies L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets L14 - Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation; Networks L15 - Information and Product Quality; Standardization and Compatibility L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change; Industrial Price Indices (Updated!) L17 - Open Source Products and Markets L19 - Other L20 - General L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure L23 - Organization of Production L24 - Contracting Out; Joint Ventures; Technology Licensing L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope L26 - Entrepreneurship L29 - Other L30 - General L31 - Nonprofit Institutions; NGOs L32 - Public Enterprises L33 - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises; Privatization; Contracting Out L38 - Public Policy L39 - Other L40 - General L41 - Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices L42 - Vertical Restraints; Resale Price Maintenance; Quantity Discounts L43 - Legal Monopolies and Regulation or Deregulation L44 - Antitrust Policy and Public Enterprises, Nonprofit Institutions, and Professional Organizations L49 - Other L50 - General L51 - Economics of Regulation L52 - Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods L53 - Enterprise Policy L59 - Other L60 - General L61 - Metals and Metal Products; Cement; Glass; Ceramics L62 - Automobiles; Other Transportation Equipment L63 - Microelectronics; Computers; Communications Equipment L64 - Other Machinery; Business Equipment; Armaments L65 - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology L66 - Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco; Wine and Spirits L67 - Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather L68 - Appliances; Other Consumer Durables L69 - Other L70 - General L71 - Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Hydrocarbon Fuels L72 - Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Other Nonrenewable Resources L73 - Forest Products L74 - Construction L78 - Government Policy L79 - Other L80 - General L81 - Retail and Wholesale Trade; e-Commerce L82 - Entertainment; Media L83 - Sports; Gambling; Recreation; Tourism L84 - Personal, Professional, and Business Services L85 - Real Estate Services L86 - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software L87 - Postal and Delivery Services L88 - Government Policy L89 - Other L90 - General L91 - Transportation: General L92 - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation L93 - Air Transportation L94 - Electric Utilities L95 - Gas Utilities; Pipelines; Water Utilities L96 - Telecommunications L97 - Utilities: General L98 - Government Policy L99 - Other Go to MENUM - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting
M00 - General M10 - General M11 - Production Management M12 - Personnel Management M13 - New Firms; Startups M14 - Corporate Culture; Social Responsibility M15 - IT Management M16 - International Business Administration M19 - Other M20 - General M21 - Business Economics M29 - Other M30 - General M31 - Marketing M37 - Advertising M38 - Government Policy and Regulation M39 - Other M40 - General M41 - Accounting M42 - Auditing M48 - Government Policy and Regulation M49 - Other M50 - General M51 - Firm Employment Decisions; Promotions M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects M53 - Training M54 - Labor Management M55 - Labor Contracting Devices M59 - Other Go to MENUN - Economic History
N00 - General N01 - Development of the Discipline: Historiographical; Sources and Methods N10 - General, International, or Comparative N11 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N12 - U.S.; Canada: 1913– N13 - Europe: Pre-1913 N14 - Europe: 1913– N15 - Asia including Middle East N16 - Latin America; Caribbean N17 - Africa; Oceania N20 - General, International, or Comparative N21 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N22 - U.S.; Canada: 1913– N23 - Europe: Pre-1913 N24 - Europe: 1913– N25 - Asia including Middle East N26 - Latin America; Caribbean N27 - Africa; Oceania N30 - General, International, or Comparative (Updated!) N31 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 (Updated!) N32 - U.S.; Canada: 1913- (Updated!) N33 - Europe: Pre-1913 (Updated!) N34 - Europe: 1913- (Updated!) N35 - Asia including Middle East (Updated!) N36 - Latin America; Caribbean (Updated!) N37 - Africa; Oceania (Updated!) N40 - General, International, or Comparative N41 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N42 - U.S.; Canada: 1913– N43 - Europe: Pre-1913 N44 - Europe: 1913– N45 - Asia including Middle East N46 - Latin America; Caribbean N47 - Africa; Oceania N50 - General, International, or Comparative N51 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N52 - U.S.; Canada: 1913– N53 - Europe: Pre-1913 N54 - Europe: 1913– N55 - Asia including Middle East N56 - Latin America; Caribbean N57 - Africa; Oceania N60 - General, International, or Comparative N61 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N62 - U.S.; Canada: 1913– N63 - Europe: Pre-1913 N64 - Europe: 1913– N65 - Asia including Middle East N66 - Latin America; Caribbean N67 - Africa; Oceania N70 - General, International, or Comparative N71 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N72 - U.S.; Canada: 1913– N73 - Europe: Pre-1913 N74 - Europe: 1913– N75 - Asia including Middle East N76 - Latin America; Caribbean N77 - Africa; Oceania N80 - General, International, or Comparative N81 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N82 - U.S.; Canada: 1913– N83 - Europe: Pre-1913 N84 - Europe: 1913– N85 - Asia including Middle East N86 - Latin America; Caribbean N87 - Africa; Oceania N90 - General, International, or Comparative N91 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913 N92 - U.S.; Canada: 1913– N93 - Europe: Pre-1913 N94 - Europe: 1913– N95 - Asia including Middle East N96 - Latin America; Caribbean N97 - Africa; Oceania Go to MENUO - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth
O10 - General O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development O13 - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products O14 - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology O15 - Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration O16 - Economic Development: Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements O18 - Regional, Urban, and Rural Analyses O19 - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations O20 - General O21 - Planning Models; Planning Policy O22 - Project Analysis O23 - Fiscal and Monetary Policy in Development O24 - Trade Policy; Factor Movement Policy; Foreign Exchange Policy O25 - Industrial Policy O29 - Other O30 - General O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D; O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes O34 - Intellectual Property Rights O38 - Government Policy O39 - Other O40 - General O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models O42 - Monetary Growth Models O43 - Institutions and Growth O47 - Measurement of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence O49 - Other O50 - General O51 - U.S.; Canada O52 - Europe O53 - Asia including Middle East O54 - Latin America; Caribbean O55 - Africa O56 - Oceania O57 - Comparative Studies of Countries Go to MENUP - Economic Systems
P00 - General P10 - General P11 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform P12 - Capitalist Enterprises P13 - Cooperative Enterprises P14 - Property Rights P16 - Political Economy P17 - Performance and Prospects P19 - Other P20 - General P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform P22 - Prices P23 - Factor and Product Markets; Industry Studies; Population P24 - National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation P25 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics P26 - Political Economy; Property Rights P27 - Performance and Prospects P28 - Natural Resources; Energy; Environment P29 - Other P30 - General P31 - Socialist Enterprises and Their Transitions P32 - Collectives; Communes; Agriculture P33 - International Trade, Finance, Investment, and Aid P34 - Financial Economics P35 - Public Economics P36 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions: Consumer Economics; Health, Education and Training, Welfare, and Poverty P37 - Legal Institutions; Illegal Behavior P39 - Other P40 - General P41 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform P42 - Productive Enterprises; Factor and Product Markets; Prices; Population P43 - Public Economics; Financial Economics P44 - National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation P45 - International Trade, Finance, Investment, and Aid P46 - Consumer Economics; Welfare and Poverty P47 - Performance and Prospects P48 - Political Economy; Legal Institutions; Property Rights P49 - Other P50 - General P51 - Comparative Analysis of Economic Systems P52 - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies P59 - Other Go to MENUQ - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics
Q00 - General Q01 - Sustainable Development Q10 - General Q11 - Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis; Prices Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness Q14 - Agricultural Finance Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation Q16 - R&D; Agricultural Technology; Agricultural Extension Services Q17 - Agriculture in International Trade Q18 - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy Q19 - Other Q20 - General Q21 - Demand and Supply Q22 - Fishery; Aquaculture Q23 - Forestry Q24 - Land Q25 - Water Q26 - Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources Q27 - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Issues in International Trade Q28 - Government Policy Q29 - Other Q30 - General Q31 - Demand and Supply Q32 - Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development Q34 - Natural Resources and Domestic and International Conflicts Q33 - Resource Booms Q38 - Government Policy Q39 - Other Q40 - General Q41 - Demand and Supply Q42 - Alternative Energy Sources Q43 - Energy and the Macroeconomy Q47 - Energy Forecasting (Updated!) Q48 - Government Policy Q49 - Other Q50 - General Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects Q52 - Pollution Control Adoption Costs; Distributional Effects; Employment Effects (Updated!) Q53 - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling Q54 - Climate; Natural Disasters; Global Warming Q55 - Technological Innovation Q56 - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services; Biodiversity Conservation; Bioeconomics; Industrial Ecology (Updated!) Q58 - Government Policy Q59 - Other Go to MENUR - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics
R00 - General R10 - General R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity R13 - General Equilibrium and Welfare Economic Analysis of Regional Economies R14 - Land Use Patterns R15 - Econometric and Input–Output Models; Other Models R19 - Other R20 - General R21 - Housing Demand R22 - Other Demand R23 - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population; Neighborhood Characteristics (Updated!) R28 - Government Policy R29 - Other R30 - General R31 - Housing Supply and Markets R32 - Other Production and Pricing Analysis R33 - Nonagricultural and Nonresidential Real Estate Markets R34 - Input Demand Analysis R38 - Government Policies; Regulatory Policies R39 - Other R40 - General R41 - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise R42 - Government and Private Investment Analysis (Updated!) R48 - Government Pricing; Regulatory Policies; Transportation Planning R49 - Other R50 - General R51 - Finance in Urban and Rural Economies R52 - Land Use and Other Regulations R53 - Public Facility Location Analysis; Public Investment and Capital Stock R58 - Regional Development Policy R59 - Other Go to MENUY - Miscellaneous Categories
Y10 - Data: Tables and Charts Y20 - Introductory Material Y30 - Book Reviews (unclassified) Y40 - Dissertations (unclassified) Y50 - Further Reading (unclassified) Y60 - Excerpts Y80 - Related Disciplines Y90 - Other Go to MENUZ - Other Special Topics
Z00 - General Z10 - General Z11 - Economics of the Arts and Literature Z12 - Religion Z13 - Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology Z19 - Other Go to MENUCopyright © 2009 American Economic Association
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