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Staunton, Howard (British chess player)
British chess master who was considered to be the world’s leading player in the 1840s. In 1841 Staunton founded the first successful English chess magazine, and in 1851 he took the lead in organizing the first modern international chess tournament in London, where, however, he came in only fourth....
Staunton pattern (chess)
The standard for modern sets was established about 1835 with a simple design by an Englishman, Nathaniel Cook. After it was patented in 1849, the design was endorsed by Howard Staunton, then the world’s best player; because of Staunton’s extensive promotion, it subsequently became known as the Staunton pattern. Only sets based on the Staunton design are allowed in international compe...
Staupers, Mabel Keaton (American nurse and executive)
Caribbean-American nurse and organization executive, most noted for her role in eliminating segregation in the Armed Forces Nurse Corps during World War II....
Staupitz, Johann von (German clergyman)
vicar-general of the German Augustinians during the revolt against the Roman Catholic church led by Martin Luther, of whom, for a time, he was teacher, patron, and counselor....
Staurikosaurus (dinosaur genus)
vicar-general of the German Augustinians during the revolt against the Roman Catholic church led by Martin Luther, of whom, for a time, he was teacher, patron, and counselor.......
staurolite (mineral)
silicate mineral [(Fe,Mg,Zn)3-4Al18Si8O48H2-4] produced by regional metamorphism in rocks such as mica schists, slates, and gneisses, where it is generally associated with other minerals such as kyanite, garnet, and tourmaline. Staurolite is a brittle, hard mineral that has a du...
Stauromedusae (cnidarian order)
The fourth order, Stauromedusae, comprises some 30 described species of nonswimming, stalked jellies. These species occur chiefly in cooler waters. They are goblet-shaped and fixed by a basal stalk; the mouth is situated at the upper end. Ranging from 1 to 10 cm (0.4 to 4 inches) in diameter, the body has a tetradiate design and typically bears eight clusters of tentacles. Some species can......
Stauronereis (polychaete genus)
...maxillary carriers; parapodia single-lobed, often with many aciculae (needlelike structures); size, minute to 3 m; examples of genera: Palola (palolo), Eunice, Stauronereis, Lumbineris, Onuphis.Order OrbiniidaSedentary; head pointed or rounded without....
staurotheotokion (type of hymn)
...left and right choirs descending from their stalls and singing in the middle of the church; theotokion, from Theotokos (Mother of God), is a type of hymn relating to the Virgin Mary; and staurotheotokion relates to the Virgin standing at the foot of the cross. There are also troparia for specific feasts and others that recur several times during the church year. In modern.....
Stautner, Ernest (American athlete)
American football player (b. April 20, 1925, Prinzing-bei-Cham, Ger.—d. Feb. 16, 2006, Carbondale, Colo.), anchored the defense of the Pittsburgh Steelers though he was considered undersized for the position of defensive tackle. Stautner was named to nine Pro Bowls during his National Football League career (1950–63). Later he coached in the NFL for three decades, most notably as a d...
Stautner, Ernie (American athlete)
American football player (b. April 20, 1925, Prinzing-bei-Cham, Ger.—d. Feb. 16, 2006, Carbondale, Colo.), anchored the defense of the Pittsburgh Steelers though he was considered undersized for the position of defensive tackle. Stautner was named to nine Pro Bowls during his National Football League career (1950–63). Later he coached in the NFL for three decades, most notably as a d...
Stavanger (Norway)
city and seaport, southwestern Norway. It is situated on the east side of a peninsula, with the Norwegian Sea on the west and Gands Fjord, a south branch of broad Bokna Fjord, on the east. Stavanger became the seat of a bishopric in t...
stave (music)
in the notation of Western music, five parallel horizontal lines that, with a clef, indicate the pitch of musical notes. The invention of the staff is traditionally ascribed to Guido d’Arezzo in about the year 1000, although there are earlier manuscripts in which neumes (signs fro...
stave (literature)
a division of a poem consisting of two or more lines arranged together as a unit. More specifically, a stanza usually is a group of lines arranged together in a recurring pattern of metrical lengths and a sequence of rhymes....
stave (wood strip)
large, bulging cylindrical container of sturdy construction traditionally made from wooden staves and wooden or metal hoops. The term is also a unit of volume measure, specifically 31 gallons of a fermented or distilled beverage, or 42 gallons of a petroleum product. According to the 1st-century-ad Roman historian Pliny the Elder, the ancient craft of barrel making, also called coope...
stave church
in architecture, type of wooden church built in northern Europe mainly during the Middle Ages. Between 800 and 1,200 stave churches may have existed in the mid-14th century, at which time construction abruptly ceased....
stave oak (tree)
any member of a group or subgenus (Leucobalanus) of North American ornamental and timber shrubs and trees of the genus Quercus in the beech family (Fagaceae). White oaks have smooth, bristleless leaves, sometimes with glandular margins, and acorns with sweet-tasting seeds that mature in one season. Bur oak and...
Staveley (England, United Kingdom)
...and railway engineer, lived and died in Chesterfield and assessed the commercial potential of local coal and ironstone. By 1900 the town possessed railway stations on each of three companies’ lines. Staveley nearby grew rapidly after the establishment in 1845 of the Staveley Iron and Coal Company. The 14th-century parish church, dedicated to St. Mary and All Saints, has a lead-covered wo...
Stavelot Abbey (abbey, Stavelot, Belgium)
...in the late 11th and early 12th century are nowhere more clear than in the valley of the Meuse, in what is now eastern Belgium. One of the leading centres of artistic production was the abbey of Stavelot. The decoration of the outstanding early manuscript from its scriptorium, the Stavelot Bible, of about 1094–97, is thework of various hands and is a perfect microcosm of the influences.....
Stavelot Bible (Romanesque manuscript)
...the Meuse, in what is now eastern Belgium. One of the leading centres of artistic production was the abbey of Stavelot. The decoration of the outstanding early manuscript from its scriptorium, the Stavelot Bible, of about 1094–97, is thework of various hands and is a perfect microcosm of the influences and interests that gave rise to the first Romanesque painting. The majestic enthroned....
Stavenhagen, Bernhard (German pianist)
German pianist and conductor who played in the virtuoso style of Franz Liszt....
Staver Island (island, Kiribati)
coral atoll in the Southern Line Islands, part of Kiribati, southwestern Pacific Ocean. It lies 400 miles (640 km) northwest of Tahiti. A low formation rising to 16 feet (5 metres) above sea level...
Stavisky Affair (French history)
French financial scandal of 1933 that, by triggering right-wing agitation, resulted in a major crisis in the history of the Third Republic (1870–1940)....
Stavisky, Alexandre (French financier)
The scandal came to light in December 1933 when the bonds of a credit organization in Bayonne, founded by the financier Alexandre Stavisky, proved worthless. When Stavisky was found dead in January 1934, police officials said that he had committed suicide. Members of the French right believed, however, that Stavisky had been killed to prevent revelation of a scandal that would involve prominent......
Stavropol (region, Russia)
kray (territory), southwestern Russia, on the northern flank of the Greater Caucasus. The territory stretches from the crestline, which reaches 13,274 feet (4,046 m) in Mount Dombay-Ulgen, across the lower parallel ranges, which are broken by deep river gorges, and then across the extensive foreland...
Stavropol (Stavropol region, Russia)
city and administrative centre of Stavropol kray (territory), southwestern Russia, situated on the Stavropol Upland near the source of the Grachovka River. It was founded in 1777 as a fortress. Although it was at first a major route and administrative centre, the city was later bypassed by the Rostov–Baku railway, and its origi...
Stavropol (Russia)
city, Samara oblast (province), western Russia, on the Volga River. Founded as a fortress in 1738 and known as Stavropol, it was given city status in 1780 and again in 1946. Overshadowed by Samara, it remained unimportant until the beginning in 1950 of the huge V.I. Lenin barrage (dam) and hydroelectric station, immed...
Stavropol Upland (region, Russia)
...consists largely of plains, such as the extensive lowland north of the Kuban River that slopes gradually upward to the foothills of the mountains farther south. Central Ciscaucasia includes the Stavropol Upland, characterized mainly by tablelands of limestone or sandstone separated by deep valleys; the Mineralnye Vody-Pyatigorsk zone to the southeast, where Mount Beshtau rises to 4,593 feet......
Stavropolis (ancient city, Turkey)
ancient city of the Caria region of southwestern Asia Minor (Anatolia, or modern Turkey), situated on a plateau south of the Maeander River (modern Büyük Menderes). Remains of an Ionic temple of Aphrodite and of a stadiu...
Stavros (peak, Crete)
...west-central Crete (Modern Greek: Kríti), in the nomós (department) of Réthímnon, southern Greece. One of Ídi’s two peaks, Timios Stavros, at 8,058 feet (2,456 m), is Crete’s highest mountain. According to one legend Zeus was reared in the Ídiean cave on the peak’s scrub-covered slopes. The well...
Stavrovouni (mountain, Cyprus)
...deep ocean (Tethys) that once separated the continents of Eurasia and Afro-Arabia. The range stretches eastward about 50 miles (80 km) from near the island’s west coast to the 2,260-foot (689-metre) Stavrovouni peak, about 12 miles (19 km) from the southeastern coast. The range’s summit, Mount Olympus (also called Mount Troodos), reaches an elevation of 6,401 feet (1,951 metres) a...
Stax Records (American company)
Founded in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1960 by country music fiddle player Jim Stewart and his sister Estelle Axton, following a previous false start with Satellite Records, Stax maintained a down-home, family atmosphere during its early years. Black and white musicians and singers worked together in relaxed conditions, where nobody looked at a clock or worried about union session rates, at the......
Stax Records (Stax/Volt Records)
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Stax Records (Stax/Volt Records)
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Stax/Volt Records (American company)
Founded in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1960 by country music fiddle player Jim Stewart and his sister Estelle Axton, following a previous false start with Satellite Records, Stax maintained a down-home, family atmosphere during its early years. Black and white musicians and singers worked together in relaxed conditions, where nobody looked at a clock or worried about union session rates, at the......
stay (ship part)
The basis of all rigging is the mast, which may be composed of one or many pieces of wood or metal. The mast is supported by stays and shrouds that are known as the standing rigging because they are made fast; the shrouds also serve as ladders to permit the crew to climb aloft. The masts and forestays support all the sails. The ropes by which the yards, on square riggers, the booms of......
Stażewski, Henryk (Polish artist)
Polish painter and graphic artist who was a leading figure in Polish avant-garde art....
STD
any disease (such as syphilis, gonorrhea, AIDS, or a genital form of herpes simplex) that is usually or often transmitted from person to person by direct sexual contact. It may also be transmitted from a mother to her child before or at birth or, less frequently, may be passed from person to person in nonsexual contact (such as in kissing, in tainted ...
STD system
Until the late 1950s, salinity was universally determined by titration. Since then, shipboard electrical conductivity systems have become widely used. Salinity-Temperature-Depth (STD) and the more recent Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) systems have greatly improved on-site hydrographic sampling methods. They have enabled oceanographers to learn much about small-scale temperature and......
Stead, C. K. (New Zealand author)
New Zealand poet and novelist who gained an international reputation as a critic with The New Poetic: Yeats to Eliot (1964), which became a standard work on Modernist poetry....
Stead, Christian Karlson (New Zealand author)
New Zealand poet and novelist who gained an international reputation as a critic with The New Poetic: Yeats to Eliot (1964), which became a standard work on Modernist poetry....
Stead, Christina (Australian author)
Australian novelist known for her political insights and firmly controlled but highly individual style....
Stead, Christina Ellen (Australian author)
Australian novelist known for her political insights and firmly controlled but highly individual style....
Stead, William Thomas (British journalist)
British journalist, editor, and publisher who founded the noted periodical Review of Reviews (1890)....
Steadicam (photographic instrument)
...be laid on the floor or ground for the dolly. The camera may be freed from the tripod or dolly and carried by the operator by means of a body brace and gyroscope stabilizer. One such support is the Steadicam, which eliminates the tell-tale motions of the hand-held camera....
Steadman, Ralph (British cartoonist and caricaturist)
...the drug-addled road trip taken by Thompson (as his alter ego Raoul Duke) and his lawyer (Dr. Gonzo) while also discussing the end of the 1960s counterculture. The book featured frenetic artwork by Ralph Steadman, who illustrated many of Thompson’s works. In Fear and Loathing: On the Campaign Trail ’72 (1973), Thompson chronicled the 1972 presidential camp...
Steady Eddie (British economist and banker)
British economist and banker who, as governor (1993–2003) of the Bank of England (BOE), guided the British central bank to independence and thus full control over the country’s monetary policy....
steady flow (physics)
...with time. Any flow pattern that is steady in this sense may be seen in terms of a set of streamlines, the trajectories of imaginary particles suspended in the fluid and carried along with it. In steady flow, the fluid is in motion but the streamlines are fixed. Where the streamlines crowd together, the fluid velocity is relatively high; where they open out, the fluid becomes relatively......
steady-state hypothesis (cosmology)
in cosmology, a view that the universe is always expanding but maintaining a constant average density, matter being continuously created to form new stars and galaxies at the same rate that old ones become unobservable as a consequence of their increasing distance and velocity of recession. A steady-state universe has no beginning or end in time; and from any point within it the view on the grand...
steady-state model (cosmology)
in cosmology, a view that the universe is always expanding but maintaining a constant average density, matter being continuously created to form new stars and galaxies at the same rate that old ones become unobservable as a consequence of their increasing distance and velocity of recession. A steady-state universe has no beginning or end in time; and from any point within it the view on the grand...
steady-state theory (cosmology)
in cosmology, a view that the universe is always expanding but maintaining a constant average density, matter being continuously created to form new stars and galaxies at the same rate that old ones become unobservable as a consequence of their increasing distance and velocity of recession. A steady-state universe has no beginning or end in time; and from any point within it the view on the grand...
steady-state universe (cosmology)
in cosmology, a view that the universe is always expanding but maintaining a constant average density, matter being continuously created to form new stars and galaxies at the same rate that old ones become unobservable as a consequence of their increasing distance and velocity of recession. A steady-state universe has no beginning or end in time; and from any point within it the view on the grand...
steady-state wave (physics)
Steady-state waves...
Steal This Movie (film by Greenwald [2000])
...life—in particular, his underground period and his efforts to draw attention to the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Cointelpro operations—were dramatized in the film Steal This Movie (2000)....
stealing (law)
in law, a general term covering a variety of specific types of stealing, including the crimes of larceny, robbery, and burglary....
Stealing Beauty (work by Ben-Ner)
...video installation Treehouse Kit, which consisted of a prefabricated tree sculpture and an instructional video featuring the artist. In 2007 he completed Stealing Beauty, a mischievous guerrilla video of sorts that he filmed without permission in several IKEA department stores. Using IKEA’s showrooms as if they were the setting for a sitc...
Stealing Beauty (film by Bertolucci [1996])
...best direction (by Bertolucci). In 1990 he directed The Sheltering Sky, an adaptation of Paul Bowles’s novel of the same name. Subsequent films included Stealing Beauty (1996), which centres on an American teenager’s visit to Italy, and The Dreamers (2003), an erotic thriller about an American student in Pa...
stealth (military technology)
any military technology intended to make vehicles or missiles nearly invisible to enemy radar or other electronic detection....
steam
odourless, invisible gas consisting of vaporized water. It is usually interspersed with minute droplets of water, which gives it a white, cloudy appearance. In nature, steam is produced by the heating of underground water by volcanic processes and is emitted from hot springs, geysers, fumaroles, and certai...
steam automobile
...being built in the United States, France, Germany, and Denmark during the same period, and it is possible to argue that the line from Cugnot’s lumbering vehicle runs unbroken to the 20th-century steam automobiles made as late as 1926. The grip of the steam automobile on the American imagination has been strong ever since the era of the Stanley brothers—one of whose......
steam blanching
Blanching is carried out at temperatures close to 100° C (212° F) for two to five minutes in either a water bath or a steam chamber. Because steam blanchers use a minimal amount of water, extra care must be taken to ensure that the product is uniformly exposed to the steam. Steam blanching leafy vegetables is especially difficult because they tend to clump together. The effectiveness...
steam blast
...first practical and successful steam locomotive, that of John Blenkinsop, and, convinced that he could offer improvements, designed and built the Blücher in 1814. Later he introduced the “steam blast,” by which exhaust was directed up the chimney, pulling air after it and increasing the draft. His success in designing several more locomotives brought him to the attention of...
steam carriage (vehicle)
prolific English inventor who built technically successful steam carriages a half century before the advent of the gasoline-powered automobile....
steam coal (coal classification)
...coal, intermediate in rank between subbituminous coal and anthracite according to the coal classification used in the United States and Canada. In Britain bituminous coal is commonly called “steam coal,” and in Germany the term Steinkohle (“rock coal”) is used. In the United States and Canada bituminous coal is divided into......
steam cracking
Ethylene manufacture via the steam cracking process is in widespread practice throughout the world. The operating facilities are similar to gas oil cracking units, operating at temperatures of 840° C (1,550° F) and at low pressures of 1.7 kilograms per square centimetre (24 pounds per square inch). Steam is added to the vaporized feed to achieve a 50-50 mixture, and furnace residence...
steam cycling (extraction process)
A common method involving the use of steam to recover heavy oil is known as steam soak, or steam cycling. It is essentially a well-bore stimulation technique in which steam generated in a boiler at the surface is injected into a production well for a number of weeks, after which the well is closed down for several days before being put back into production. In many cases there is a significant......
steam digester
hermetically sealed pot which produces steam heat to cook food quickly. The pressure cooker first appeared in 1679 as Papin’s Digester, named for its inventor, the French-born physicist Denis Papin. The cooker heats water to produce very hot steam which forces the temperature inside the pot as high as 266° F (...
steam distillation (process)
...called vacuum distillation, is sometimes employed when dealing with substances that normally boil at inconveniently high temperatures or that decompose when boiling under atmospheric pressure. Steam distillation is an alternative method of achieving distillation at temperatures lower than the normal boiling point. It is applicable when the material to be distilled is immiscible (incapable......
steam engine (machine)
machine using steam power to perform mechanical work through the agency of heat....
steam flooding (extraction process)
Continuous steam injection heats a larger portion of the reservoir and achieves the most efficient heavy oil recoveries. Known as steam flooding, this technique is a displacement process similar to waterflooding. Steam is pumped into injection wells, which in some cases are artificially fractured to increase reservoir permeability, and the oil is displaced to production wells. Because of the......
steam generator (engineering)
apparatus designed to convert a liquid to vapour. In a conventional steam power plant, a boiler consists of a furnace in which fuel is burned, surfaces to transmit heat from the combustion products to the water, and a space where steam can form and collect. A conventional boiler has a furnace that burns a ...
steam hammer (engineering)
British engineer known primarily for his invention of the steam hammer....
steam heating (energy)
...stove and fireplace continued as the major sources of space heating throughout this period, but the development of the steam engine and its associated boilers led to a new technology in the form of steam heating. James Watt heated his own office with steam running through pipes as early as 1784. During the 19th century, systems of steam and later hot-water heating were gradually developed;......
steam leavening
The vaporization of volatile fluids (e.g., ethanol) under the influence of oven heat can have a leavening effect. Water-vapour pressure, too low to be significant at normal temperatures, exerts substantial pressure on the interior walls of bubbles already formed by other means as the interior of the loaf or cake approaches the boiling point. The expansion of such puff pastry as used for......
steam power (energy)
The foundations for the use of steam power are often traced to the experimental work of the French physicist Denis Papin. In 1679 Papin invented a type of pressure cooker, a closed vessel with a tightly fitting lid that confined steam until high pressure was generated. Observing that the steam in the vessel raised the lid, he conceived the idea of using steam to power a piston and cylinder......
steam soak (extraction process)
A common method involving the use of steam to recover heavy oil is known as steam soak, or steam cycling. It is essentially a well-bore stimulation technique in which steam generated in a boiler at the surface is injected into a production well for a number of weeks, after which the well is closed down for several days before being put back into production. In many cases there is a significant......
steam turbine
A steam turbine consists of a rotor resting on bearings and enclosed in a cylindrical casing. The rotor is turned by steam impinging against attached vanes or blades on which it exerts a force in the tangential direction. Thus a steam turbine could be viewed as a complex series of windmill-like arrangements, all assembled on the same shaft....
steam-hauled plow (agriculture)
English engineer who helped to develop the steam-hauled plow. He began his career in the grain trade but later trained as an engineer. In 1850 he joined Albert Fry in Bristol to found a works to produce steam-hauled implements. Later, with Jeremiah Head, he produced a steam-hauled plow, which in winning the £500 prize (1858) offered by the Royal Society fulfilled the society’s dictum...
steamboat (vessel)
any watercraft propelled by steam, but more narrowly, a shallow-draft paddle wheel steamboat widely used on rivers in the 19th century, and particularly on the Mississippi River and its principal tributaries in the ...
Steamboat Springs (Colorado, United States)
city, seat (1877) of Routt county, north-central Colorado, U.S. Located in the high Rocky Mountains at an elevation of 6,762 feet (2,061 metres), the town was supposedly named for Steamboat Spring, reported to have recalled to trappers the chugging of a steamboat. The area was settled by whites in 1875 and...
Steamboat Willie (cartoon)
Far more revolutionary was Disney’s decision to create a cartoon with the novelty of synchronized sound. Steamboat Willie (1928), Mickey’s third film, took the country by storm. A missing element—sound—had been added to animation, making the illusion of life that much more complete, that much more magical. Later, Disney would add carefully synch...
steamer (mollusk)
The soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria), also known as the longneck clam, or steamer, is a common ingredient of soups and chowders. Found in all seas, it buries itself in the mud to depths from 10 to 30 cm. The shell is dirty white, oval, and 7.5 to 15 cm long....
steamer (ship)
...of steam engines in factories, but there was general agreement about the fact that the coming of the railway marked a great divide in British social history. It was not until the 1870s and ’80s that steamship production came to its full realization, and by then British engineers and workers had been responsible for building railways in all parts of the world. By 1890 Britain had more reg...
steamer clam (mollusk)
The soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria), also known as the longneck clam, or steamer, is a common ingredient of soups and chowders. Found in all seas, it buries itself in the mud to depths from 10 to 30 cm. The shell is dirty white, oval, and 7.5 to 15 cm long....
steamer duck (bird)
(genus Tachyeres), any of four species of heavily built, big-billed sea ducks of southernmost South America and the Falkland Islands. The bird is named for its habit of running across the w...
steaming (cooking)
Steaming comprises two related techniques, both used primarily for the cooking of vegetables. In the first, the food is placed on a rack above a shallow portion of water, heated to the boil, in a covered pan; this method is valued for its preservation of colour, texture, flavour, and nutrients. The second technique, called pressure cooking, requires a tightly sealed, often latched, vessel, in......
steamship (ship)
...of steam engines in factories, but there was general agreement about the fact that the coming of the railway marked a great divide in British social history. It was not until the 1870s and ’80s that steamship production came to its full realization, and by then British engineers and workers had been responsible for building railways in all parts of the world. By 1890 Britain had more reg...
stearic acid (chemical compound)
one of the most common long-chain fatty acids, found in combined form in natural animal and vegetable fats. Commercial “stearic acid” is a mixture of approximately equal amounts of stearic and palmitic acids...
stearin (chemical compound)
...(e.g., cuticle wax from seed coats) and the higher-melting glycerides from fats. Waxes can generally be removed by rapid chilling and filtering. Separation of high-melting glycerides, or stearine, usually requires very slow cooling in order to form crystals that are large enough to be removed by filtration or centrifuging. Thus linseed oil may be winterized to remove traces of waxes......
stearine (chemical compound)
...(e.g., cuticle wax from seed coats) and the higher-melting glycerides from fats. Waxes can generally be removed by rapid chilling and filtering. Separation of high-melting glycerides, or stearine, usually requires very slow cooling in order to form crystals that are large enough to be removed by filtration or centrifuging. Thus linseed oil may be winterized to remove traces of waxes......
Stearns, J. B. (American scientist)
...and the first half of the 20th century. By 1856 the register in the Morse system was replaced by a sounder, and the code was transcribed directly from the sounds by the operator. In 1871 J.B. Stearns of the United States completed refinement of the duplex transmission system originated in Germany by Wilhelm Gintl, which allowed the same line to be used simultaneously for sending and......
Stearns, Richard Edwin (American mathematician and computer scientist)
American mathematician and computer scientist and cowinner, with American computer scientist Juris Hartmanis, of the 1993 A.M. Turing Award, the highest honour in computer science. Stearns and Hartmanis were cited in the award for their “seminal paper which established the foundations for the field of computational complexity...
Stearns, Shubael (American religious leader)
...Baptists, known as Separate Baptists, who soon coalesced with the older New England Baptist churches. In the South, however, they maintained a separate existence for a longer period of time. Shubael Stearns, a New England Separate Baptist, migrated to Sandy Creek, N.C., in 1755 and initiated a revival that quickly penetrated the entire Piedmont region. The churches he organized were......
stearyl alcohol (chemical compound)
waxy solid alcohol formerly obtained from whale or dolphin oil and used as a lubricant and antifoam agent and to retard evaporation of water from reservoirs. It is now manufactured by chemical reduction of stearic acid....
steatite (mineral)
compact form of talc....
Steatornis caripensis (bird)
(Steatornis caripensis), nocturnal bird of South America that lives in caves and feeds on fruit, mainly the nuts of oil palms. The oilbird is an aberrant member of the or...
steatorrhea (pathology)
...disorder in which people cannot tolerate gluten, a protein constituent of wheat, barley, malt, and rye flours. General symptoms of the disease include the passage of foul, pale-coloured stools (steatorrhea), progressive malnutrition, diarrhea, decreased appetite and weight loss, multiple vitamin deficiencies, stunting of growth, abdominal pain, skin rash, and defects in tooth enamel.......
Stebbins, George Ledyard, Jr. (American botanist)
American botanist and geneticist known for his application of the modern synthetic theory of evolution to plants. Called the father of evolutionary botany, he was the first scientist to synthesize artificially a species of plant that was capable of thriving under natural conditions....
Stebnitsky (Russian writer)
novelist and short-story writer who has been described as the greatest of Russian storytellers....
Stechlin, Der (novel by Fontane)
...are among his best. Effi Briest, in particular, is known for its superb characterization and the skillful portrayal of the milieu of Fontane’s native Brandenburg. His other major works are Der Stechlin (1899), which is noted for its charming style, and Schach von Wuthenow (1883; A Man of Honor), in which he portrays the weaknesses of the Prussian upper class....