The following table lists the IAU 2009 constants that was adopted by the 2009 IAU GA in
Resolution B2. The full details are contained in the report
The IAU 2009 System of Astronomical Constants.
The best estimates page lists the latest values of these
constants that have been approved by the I
The table lists the name of the quantity, the symbol usually used, the value in SI units (unless stated otherwise) and the uncertainty, which is given in the same units as the value. The last column gives the reference numbers, which are also links to the references that are listed below.
IAU 2009 System of Astronomical Constants | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Quantity | Symbol | Value | Uncertainty | Ref(s). |
Natural Defining Constants | ||||
Speed of Light | c | 2.997 924 58 x 108 ms−1 | defined | 10 |
Auxiliary Defining Constants | ||||
Gaussian Gravitation Constant [a] | k | 1.720 209 895 x 10−2 | defined | 18,15 |
1−d(TT)/d(TCG) | LG | 6.969 290 134 x 10−10 | defined | 19,31 |
1−d(TDB)/d(TCB) | LB | 1.550 519 768 x 10−8 | defined | 20 |
TDB − TCB at T0 [b] | TDB0 | −6.55 x 10−5 s | defined | 20 |
Earth Rotation Angle at J2000.0 [c] | θ0 | 0.779 057 273 264 0 revolutions | defined | 19,5 |
Rate of advance of Earth Rotation Angle [c] | dθ/dt | 1.002 737 811 911 354 48 revolutions UT1-day−1 | defined | 19,5 |
Natural Measurable Constants | ||||
Constant of gravitation | G | 6.674 28 x 10−11 m3 kg−1 s−2 | 6.7 x 10−15 | 10 |
Other Constants | ||||
Astronomical unit [d] | au | 1.495 978 707 00 x 1011 m | 3 m | 32 |
Average value of 1−d(TCG)/d(TCB) | LC | 1.480 826 867 41 x 10−8 | 2 x 10−17 | 22 |
Body Constants | ||||
Heliocentric gravitational constant | GMS | 1.327 124 420 99 x 1020 m3 s−2 [TCB-] 1.327 124 400 41 x 1020 m3 s−2 [TDB-] -compatible |
1.0 x 1010 1.0 x 1010 |
12 |
Equatorial radius of the Earth [f] | aE | 6.378 136 6 x 106 m | 1 x 10−1 | 16,4 |
Dynamical form factor [f] | J2 | 1.082 635 9 x 10−3 | 1 x 10−10 | 16 |
Long-term variation in J2 | dJ2/dt | −3.001 x 10−9 cy−1 | 6 x 10−10 | 20,7 |
Geocentric gravitational constant |
GME | 3.986 004 418 x 1014 m3 s−2 [TCB-] 3.986 004 415 x 1014 m3 s−2 [TT-] 3.986 004 356 x 1014 m3 s−2 [TDB-] -compatible |
8 x 105 8 x 105 8 x 105 |
33 |
Potential of the geoid | W0 | 6.263 685 60 x 107 m2 s−2 | 5 x 10−1 | 16 |
Nominal mean angular velocity of the Earth[g] | ω | 7.292 115 x 10−5 rad s−1 | - | 16 |
Ratio mass of the Moon to the Earth | MM/ME | 1.230 003 71 x 10−2 | 4 x 10−10 | 32 |
Ratio of the mass of the Sun to mass of the Body [e] | ||||
Mercury | MS/MMe | 6.023 6 x 106 | 3 x 102 | 1 |
Venus | MS/MV | 4.085 237 19 x 105 | 8 x 10−3 | 27 |
Mars | MS/MMa | 3.098 703 59 x 106 | 2 x 10−2 | 28 |
Jupiter | MS/MJ | 1.047 348 644 x 103 | 1.7 x 10−5 | 25 |
Saturn | MS/MSa | 3.497 901 8 x 103 | 1 x 10−4 | 26 |
Uranus | MS/MU | 2.290 298 x 104 | 3 x 10−2 | 24 |
Neptune | MS/MN | 1.941 226 x 104 | 3 x 10−2 | 23 |
(134430) Pluto | MS/MP | 1.365 66 x 108 | 2.8 x 104 | 35 |
(136109) Eris | MS/MEris | 1.191 x 108 | 1.4 x 106 | 3 |
Ratio of the mass of the Body to the mass of the Sun | ||||
(1) Ceres | MCeres/MS | 4.72 x 10−10 | 3 x 10−12 | 32 |
(2) Pallas | MPallas/MS | 1.03 x 10−10 | 3 x 10−12 | 32 |
(4) Vesta | MVesta/MS | 1.35 x 10−10 | 3 x 10−12 | 32 |
Initial Values at J2000.0 | ||||
Obliquity of the ecliptic at J2000.0 [h] | εJ2000 | 8.438 140 6 x 104 " | 1 x 10−3 " | 20,17,8 |
Brief Notes:Detailed notes and explanations are contained in The IAU 2009 System of Astronomical Constants.
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References:
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