JA:Key:nameのソースを表示ひょうじ

{{KeyDescription
| key         = name
| image       = File:Helena, Montana.jpg
| description = 主要な名前: 一般に、標識にもっとも目立つよう記されている名前か、現地の言語でもっとも一般的な名前です。
| group       = 名称
| onNode      = yes
| onWay       = yes
| onArea      = yes
| onRelation  = yes
| requires    =
| implies     =
| combination =
| seeAlso     =
* {{Key|name:ja}}
* {{Key|name:ja-Latn}}
* {{Key|name:ja-Hira}}
| status      = de facto
| statuslink  = 
}}
{{Translation not complete}}
このキーは現実世界における地物の'''主要な名前'''に設定します。[[#Variants|いくつかある名称関連のキー]]のうちもっとも重要なものです。

== 値 ==
{{main|JA:名称}}

経験則として、主要な名前とは地物のもっとも明らかな名前であり、データ使用者がラベルなどのインターフェース上に表示することを一般利用者が期待するものです。

主要な名前のよくある取得源は:

* 特に建造環境中の地物の場合、地物そのものにもっとも目立つよう標示されている名前
* [[JA:Tag:information=guidepost|道しるべ]]など、それ以外の場所の標識に書かれている地物の名前
* 特に自然環境中の地物の場合、一般的、あるいは公式の使用例

どうやって地物の名前を決めたかを明示するため{{Key|source:name}}を使うことができます。

Sometimes these sources disagree: a single feature may be known by a different name to different people or in different places. In case of doubt, OpenStreetMap favours the situation "[[Disputes#On the Ground Rule|on the ground]]". For example, the primary name of a disputed territory would match the usage of the side that has on-the-ground control of the territory.<ref>[[OSMF:File:DisputedTerritoriesInformation.pdf|Official OpenStreetMap Foundation statement]] on the project's practices regarding disputed boundaries, borders, names, and descriptions.</ref> However, the on-the-ground rule is not absolute; you may need to use common sense.

Some common cases where use of the on-the-ground rule should be relaxed include:

* If a city is locally known by a nickname, it is better to put the nickname in {{Key|loc_name}} and put the standard name into {{Key|name}}, even if locals don't use the standard name as much.
* If a signpost [[abbreviations|abbreviate]]s the name to save space, but the name can reasonably be spelled out in full, the {{Key|name}} should also be spelled out in full.
* If an official name is more unwieldy or obscure than another name for the same feature and fewer people use it in practice, even if it is signposted, it is better to put the official name in {{Key|official_name}} or {{Key|alt_name}} than to treat it as the primary name.
* Chain stores (such as supermarkets, apparel stores, fast-food restaurants, or gas stations) are often known locally under the brand name, rather than an individual, shop-specific name. In those cases, it is acceptable to use the same value for {{Key|name}} and {{Key|brand}}, and to describe the shop's assigned, lesser-known name under {{Key|official_name}} or its code under {{Key|ref}}. However, the naming convention may be chain- or country-specific.
* If a sign is obviously in error, use a different source for the {{Key|name}}. The {{Key|not:name}} tag can be used to document the incorrect sign, for the benefit of future mappers.

The primary name is generally in the local language or languages; see [[#Multiple names]] below. If you are unfamiliar with the area, try to match [[multilingual names|local conventions]]. However, you may need to make an exception if the real name of a feature is in a different language than the predominant local language. For example, a tourist-oriented gift shop or a grocery that caters to an immigrant community may be named in a foreign language.<ref>Gift shops in Bethlehem may have names in English, but the primary name for the town of Bethlehem will certainly not be in English.</ref>

===When not to use{{Anchor|when_not_to_use}}===
Do not use {{Key|name}} if:

* The feature is unnamed in the real world. If it is of a type that is typically named, such as a street, use {{Tag|noname|yes}} to affirm that the omission of {{Key|name}} is deliberate, rather than a problem to be fixed by another mapper.
* The feature is known by a [[good practice#Don't use name tag to describe things|generic term or description]] such as "[[Tag:amenity=toilets|toilet]]" or "[[Tag:sport=basketball|basketball court]]". [[How to map a|Use a feature tag]] to indicate the type in a language-neutral, machine-readable way. You can also use {{Key|description}} or {{Key|note}} if other tags do not quite express what distinguishes the feature from others of the same type.
* The value you are considering adding is not actually a name, but rather an [[addresses|address]] (such as a house number) or a [[Key:ref|reference number or code]] (such as the hole number on a golf course). If an object is of a type that is ordinarily named (for instance, nameless roads are rare but nameless houses or golf holes are common), it is possible that its name might incorporate a reference number. If a road has buildings along it with 'County Route 5' in their street address, its name is likely 'County Route 5'. It should, of course, have the [[Key:ref|reference number]] tagged as well.

In general, {{Key|name}} is supposed to contain solely the name, and not the description, type, location or other properties of an object (such as height, elevation, operator, access restrictions, classification/certification/quality labels...). See [[Name is the name only]].

== Variants ==
<!-- editable at
https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Template:JA:Map_Features:name
-->{{Template:JA:Map Features:name|name=|description=}}

これらのキーに、[[date namespace|日付の名前空間]]の接尾辞（"old_name:ja:1921-1932" など）をつけることができます。

For all documented suffixed subkeys, see [[:Category:Key descriptions for group "names"]].

== 複数の名称 ==

地物に複数の名称がある場合、まず上の表から意味が強いタグを選択してください（{{Tag|short_name}}, {{Tag|old_name}} など）。もし合うものがない場合は、 {{Tag|alt_name}} タグを選択してください。If there are multiple names that do not fit, {{Key|alt_name}} can be used with semicolons, ";".

Sometimes {{Key|name}} itself can contain [[semi-colon value separator|multiple values]] (often separated by semicolons):

* In [[Multilingual names|multilingual]] regions or localities, multiple names in different languages may be relevant enough to include in {{Key|name}}. A separator other than a semicolon, such as slash "/" or a dash "-" (spaced or not), may be customary locally. This is not a substitute for language-specific keys, such as {{Key|name:en}} for English.
* Some international boundary features (often bodies of water) have multiple values in {{Key|name}}, so as not to favour one country's preferred name over another's.
* In relatively rare cases, there may be a tie on less prominent features such as points of interest. For example, a single business may go by two names interchangeably and post each name on different sides of the building. Before overloading {{Key|name}} with multiple values, make sure it is truly a tie and there is not a more structured way to represent the naming situation.<ref>For example, [[osmnode:6773792069|this is a single shop]] that calls itself "Fun House" in front where customers park but "Flag House" in the rear where customers enter.</ref>

Some renderers turn semicolon delimiters into something more aesthetically pleasing, such as an em dash or line break, but many other data consumers assume only a single value in {{Key|name}}, so a semicolon could appear verbatim, surprising users.

== タグ付け間違いの可能性 ==
{{PossibleSynonym|name|fixme|Consider using {{tag|fixme}}. Additional results: [https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q{{=}}name%3Dfixme]<!--which finds names containing "fixme" case-insensitive, as opposed to being equal to "fixme"-->.}}
{{PossibleSynonym|name|X|Consider using {{tag|fixme}}. Additional results: [https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/tags/?key{{=}}name&value{{=}}x]<!--which is the same taginfo, changed for lower-case X -->}}
{{PossibleSynonym|name|*|"*" does not mean any value}}
{{PossibleSynonym|name_en||use {{Key|name:en}} instead}}
{{PossibleSynonym|nombre||Spanish}}
{{PossibleSynonym|nome||Italian, Portuguese}}

== 関連項目 ==
* {{Key|name:etymology}} – The subject commemorated in the name of an element
* {{Key|noname|yes}} – Used to mark the absence of a name, where something really does not have a name in reality
* {{Key|strapline}} – Official strapline used in an advertising slogan next to the name, commonly seen on signs
* {{Key|description}} – Used to describe a feature
* [[JA:多国語の名称]]

== 脚注 ==
<references/>

[[Category:JA:言語接尾辞の使用]]
[[Category:JA:名称]]