↑Geography - Southern Ocean. CIA Factbook. 原始文档勒2017-02-13存档. 访问日脚2012-07-16. “... the Southern Ocean has the unique distinction of being a large circumpolar body of water totally encircling the continent of Antarctica; this ring of water lies between 60 degrees south latitude and the coast of Antarctica and encompasses 360 degrees of longitude.”
↑Introduction - Southern Ocean. CIA Factbook. 原始文档勒2017-02-13存档. 访问日脚2012-07-16. “...As such, the Southern Ocean is now the fourth largest of the world's five oceans(after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Indian Ocean, but larger than the Arctic Ocean).”
↑Pyne, Stephen J.; The Ice: A Journey to Antarctica. University of Washington Press, 1986.(A study of Antarctica's exploration, earth-sciences, icescape, esthetics, literature, and geopolitics)