- 553 Second Council of Constantinople (5th ecumenical council) opens
Coronation of Kublai Khan
1260 Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan, becomes ruler of the Mongol Empire
- 1430 Jews are expelled from Speyer, Germany
Columbus Sights Jamaica
1494 On his 2nd voyage to New World Christopher Columbus sights Jamaica, landing at Discovery Bay
- 1640 English Short Parliament rises
- 1665 Dutch politician Nicolaas Witsen visits the politically powerful Patriarch Nikon, head of the Russian Orthodox church in Moscow
- 1726 French ballerina Marie de Camargo aged 16 makes her premiere at Paris Opera Ballets in "Les Caractères de la Danse"
- 1762 Russia & Prussia sign Treaty of Saint Petersburg ending the Seven Years' War
- 1764 Smolny Institute forms in St Petersburg for noble girls
Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben Takes Charge
1778 George Washington appoints Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben Inspector General of the Continental Army
Delambre Measures a Metre
1792 Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre commissioned to measure the meridian between Dunkerque to Rodez to calculate accurate length of the metre
- 1795 Great Britain passes a tax on hair powder - a fee of 1 guinea a year, leading to a decline in its use
- 1809 Citizenship is denied to Jews of Aargau Canton, Switzerland
- 1809 Mary Kies is 1st woman issued a US patent for weaving straw
- 1814 British attack Fort Ontario, Oswego, New York
- 1816 American Bible Society organized in New York
- 1835 King Leopold I of Belgium opens Brussels-Mechelen railway
The Hero as Divinity
1840 Thomas Carlyle begins his famous lecture series "The Hero as Divinity", later collected in his book "On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and The Heroic in History"
- 1842 City-wide fire burns for over 100 hours in Hamburg, Germany
- 1854 British Commodore James Plumridge attacks Finnish settlements in Gulf of Bothnia, killing civilans and destroying British-owned goods.
- 1855 New York State Commission on Emigration assumes lease of Castle Garden (now known as Castle Clinton), at the lower tip of Manhattan, to be used for immigration [1]
- 1861 Alexandria, Virginia - Confederate troops abandon the city
- 1862 French army intervenes in Puebla, Mexico: Cinco de Mayo
- 1862 Peninsular Campaign-Battle of Williamsburg, Virginia
- 1863 Irish boxer Joe Coburn KOs American Mike McCoole in the 67th round in his first defense of Heavyweight C'ship of America in Charlestown, Maryland
- 1864 Atlanta Campaign: 5 days fighting begins at Rocky Face Ridge
- 1864 Battle between Confederate & Union ships at mouth of Roanoke
- 1864 Battle of Wilderness, Virginia (Germanna Ford, Wilderness Tavern)
- 1864 Campaign in Northern Georgia - Chattanooga to Atlanta
- 1865 1st US train robbery (North Bend, Ohio)
- 1870 The British and Foreign Society for Improving the Embossed Literature of the Blind adopts Braille as best format for blind people
- 1874 Dutch 2nd Chamber passes child labor law
Sitting Bull Heads for Canada
1877 Indian Wars: Sitting Bull leads his band of Lakota into Canada to avoid harassment by the United States Army under Colonel Nelson Miles
Carnegie Hall Opens
1891 Music Hall (now Carnegie Hall) opens in New York City, with Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky as guest conductor of the New York Music Society Orchestra
Panic of 1893
1893 Panic of 1893 causes a large crash on the NY Stock Exchange
- 1900 "The Billboard" began weekly publication
- 1905 Robert S Abbott published 1st issue of newspaper "Chicago Defender"
Great White Fleet
1908 US Great White Fleet arrives in San Francisco
1st African-American Military Pilot
1917 Eugene Bullard gains his pilot's license from Aéro-Club de France and becomes the 1st African-American military pilot (French Air Service)
- 1917 St Louis Browns pitcher Ernie Koob no-hits Chicago White Sox, 1-0 at Sportsman's Park III
- 1920 German-Latvian peace treaty signed
- 1920 Italian migrant anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti charged with murder of a paymaster at a US shoe factory in Massachusetts, both are later executed
- 1920 Polish troops occupy Kiev
Communist Labor Party Banned
1920 US President Woodrow Wilson makes Communist Labor Party illegal
- 1921 1st ranger for Cleveland Metroparks hired
- 1921 Miniature newspaper published (Brighton Gazette 10 x 13 cm)
Chanel No. 5 Released
1921 Perfume Chanel No. 5 released by fashion designer Coco Chanel
John Scopes Arrested for Teaching Evolution
1925 Dayton teacher John T. Scopes arrested for teaching evolution in Tennessee
- 1925 Yankee Everett Scott is benched, ending his 1,307-game playing streak
- 1926 Sinclair Lewis refuses his Pulitzer Prize for "Arrowsmith"
Shostakovich's 1st Symphony
1927 Dmitri Shostakovich's 1st Symphony premieres in Berlin
Amy Johnson's Pioneering Flight
1930 Amy Johnson takes off - first woman to fly solo from England to Australia
Bradman's Unbeaten 185
1930 Australian cricket batting prodigy Don Bradman scores an unbeaten 185 in a tour match for Australia v Leicestershire at Aylestone Road, Leicester
- 1932 Japan & China sign a peace treaty
- 1936 Edward Ravenscroft patents screw-on bottle cap with a pour lip
- 1936 Italian troops occupy Addis Ababa
- 1938 MLB Philadelphia Phillies Harold Kelleher pitcher faces 16 batters in 6th, as Cubs score 12 runs, both marks are NL records off one hurler in a single inning
- 1940 Norwegian government-in-exile forms in London
- 1941 2 Fokker employees flee Nazi occupied Netherlands to England
Haile Selassie Returns
1941 Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie returns to Addis Ababa
Gandhi Freed
1944 Mahatma Gandhi freed from prison (again)
- 1944 Soviet offensive against Sebastopol, Crimea
- 1945 Mauthausen Concentration camp in Austria liberated by US forces from 41st Reconnaissance Squadron
- 1945 Netherlands & Denmark liberated from Nazi control
- 1945 Premier Gerbrandy on Radio Orange tells Dutch they are liberated
- 1945 Uprising against occupying SS troops in Prague
Dönitz Orders Ceasefire
1945 World War II: Admiral Karl Dönitz, leader of Germany after Hitler's death, orders all U-boats to cease offensive operations and return to their bases
- 1947 Mississippi Valley flooding kills 16 & causes $850M in damage
- 1947 Pulitzer prize awarded to Robert Penn Warren for his novel "All the King's Men"
- 1948 1st squadron of jet aircraft aboard a carrier
- 1949 Detroit Tigers second baseman Charlie Gehringer is elected in the Baseball Hall of Fame
- 1949 KGO TV channel 7 in San Francisco, California (ABC) begins broadcasting
- 1949 Statute of Council of Europe drawn up
King Rama IX of Thailand
1950 Bhumibol Adulyadej crowned King Rama IX of Thailand in the Royal Palace in Bangkok
- 1952 "Lucy Does a TV Commercial" (also known as "Vitameatavegamin") episode of "I Love Lucy" premieres, garnering 68% of US television viewers
- 1952 Pulitzer prize awarded to Herman Wouk for this novel "The Caine Mutiny"
Coup d'état
1954 General Alfredo Stroessner leads a military coup in Paraguay, overthrowing the government of President Federico Chávez
- 1955 Indian parliament accepts Hindu divorce
- 1955 US performs nuclear test at Nevada test Site
- 1955 West Germany is granted full sovereignty by its three occupying powers
- 1956 Broekster Boys soccer team forms in Damwoude
- 1956 Jim Bailey (US) runs mile a record 3:58.6 in LA Calif
- 1956 World championships of judo are 1st held in Tokyo
- 1957 Adolf Schärf (67) is elected President of Austria
- 1958 KNME TV channel 5 in Albuquerque, NM (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1958 Pulitzer prize awarded to James Agee for Death in the Family
- 1958 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Enwetak Atoll in the Marshall Islands
Event of Interest
1961 Alan Shepard becomes 1st American in space (aboard Freedom 7)
#1 in the Charts
1962 "West Side Story" soundtrack album goes #1 & stays #1 for 54 weeks which is more than 20 weeks longer than any other album
Sports History
1966 Willie Mays hit his 512th HR
- 1967 The Kinks release "Waterloo Sunset" as a single; peaks at #2 on the British charts
Sports History
1969 Milwaukee Bucks sign #1 NBA Draft pick, star UCLA center Lew Alcindor (Kareem Abdul-Jabbar)
Event of Interest
1969 Pulitzer prize awarded to Norman Mailer (Armies of the Night)
There Goes Rhymin' Simon
1973 Columbia Records releases "There Goes Rhymin' Simon", the third solo studio album by American singer-songwriter Paul Simon; it features songs "Loves Me Like a Rock", "Kodachrome", and "American Tune"
- 1979 Masterpiece Radio Theater begins broadcasting
- 1979 Voyager 1 fly-bys Jupiter
- 1980 Konstantinos Karamanlis is elected for the first time President of Greece
- 1980 Siege at Iranian Embassy in London ends as the SAS and police storm the building
- 1981 16th and final MLB pre-season Mayor's Trophy Game prior to inter-league play; NY Mets beat NY Yankees, 4-1 to hold 8-7-1 edge
Event of Interest
1981 After 66 days on hunger strike, 26-year-old Provisional IRA member and British MP Bobby Sands dies in the Maze Prision. Nine more hunger strikers die in the next 3 months.
- 1983 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
- 1986 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation announces Cleveland, Ohio chosen as the site of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Museum
- 1987 Congress begins Iran-Contra hearings
- 1987 Detroit Tigers are 11 games back in AL, but go on to win AL East
- 1987 France performs nuclear test at Mururoa atoll
- 1988 Eugene A. Marino installed as 1st African American Catholic archbishop, in Atlanta, Georgia
Sports History
1989 Mike Tyson gets 2nd speeding ticket for drag racing in Albany, New York
Music History
1992 American country singer Tammy Wynette hospitalized with bile duct infection
- 1994 Labour beats Conservatives in British local elections
- 1994 North-Yemen air force bombs Aden South Yemen
- 1995 Last basketball game at Boston Garden; Celtics eliminated from playoffs by Orlando Magic, 95-92
- 1997 "Married With Children" final episode on Fox TV
- 1997 Iridium-1 Delta 2 Launch, Successful
- 2000 Conjunction of Sun, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and the Moon
Election of Interest
2002 Jacques Chirac wins the French Presidential election for a second term defeating Jean-Marie Le Pen leader of the far-right National Front
Event of Interest
2005 George Galloway is elected as MP for Bethnal Green and Bow in the general election
Election of Interest
2005 Tony Blair's Labour Party is re-elected for a third consecutive term in UK general election
Home Before Dark
2008 American/Columbia Records releases "Home Before Dark", the twenty-seventh studio album by Neil Diamond; tops charts in US, UK and NZ
- 2012 17 people are killed and 47 missing after a flash flood in Nepal
- 2012 Japan shuts down its nuclear reactors leaving the country without nuclear power for the first time since 1970
- 2013 10 people are killed in a church attack in Njilan, Nigeria
- 2013 5 people are killed after a limousine catches fire in Hayward, California
- 2014 China announces it will upgrade Ethiopia's infrastructure in an effort to improve a China-Africa strategic partnership
Sports History
2014 World Snooker Championship, Crucible Theatre, Sheffield: Briton Mark Selby beats countryman Ronnie O'Sullivan 18-14, the first of 3 world titles
- 2015 "Traveller" debut album by Chris Stapleton is released (Grammy Award Best Country Album, 2016; Billboard Album of the Year, 2016)
- 2015 Archaeornithura meemannae, the oldest known prehistoric bird, is discovered
- 2015 Scientists announce the discovery of the oldest & most distant galaxy known to man, EGS-zs8-1
- 2016 Fort McMurray wildfires: Canadian province of Alberta declares a state of emergency as evacuation of 80,000 people continues
Knighthood
2017 Anna Wintour, the editor of US Vogue, is made a dame by Queen Elizabeth at Buckingham Palace
This is America
2018 Childish Gambino [Donald Glover] releases the music video to new single "This is America" to wide acclaim
- 2018 Electric cigarette explodes killing a man in St. Petersburg, Florida, first death from a vaping product
Sports History
2018 Former Manchester United Manager Sir Alex Ferguson suffers a brain haemorrhage and is hospitalised; recovers
- 2019 At least 41 people die when a Russian Aeroflot plane catches fire after an emergency landing at Sheremetyevo Airport, Moscow
- 2019 King Vajiralongkorn is crowned King of Thailand, first monarch to be crowned in nearly seven decades during a three-day celebration in Bangkok
- 2019 Oil tanker explosion kills 55 in Niamey, Niger
- 2019 Violent clashes between Israel and Gaza militants over three days have left 4 Israelis and 23 Palestinians dead
- 2020 Global confirmed cases of COVID-19 reach 3.65 million, US cases pass 70,000 while the UK becomes the most affected in Europe with 29,427 known deaths
- 2020 São Luis, in Maranhão state becomes the first Brazilian city to enter lockdown because of COVID-19 as its health services struggle to cope
- 2021 A week of mass protests and demonstrations against government tax reform and poverty in Colombia leaves 24 dead
- 2021 Baltimore Orioles pitcher John Means no-hits Seattle Mariners, 6-0 at T-Mobile Park, Seattle
- 2021 Canada is the first country to authorize the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine for 12-15 year olds
Event of Interest
2021 Donald Trump's ban from Facebook upheld by the company's Oversight Board for a further six months
- 2021 Evidence of Africa's earliest burial, a three-year-old boy, 78,000 years ago, in a cave in Kenya published [1]
- 2021 The possible eviction of Palestinian families from a Jerusalem neighborhood begins days of unrest in the city, injuring hundreds
COVID-19 Pandemic
2021 US President Joe Biden announces the US will support temporarily lifting patent protection on COVID-19 vaccines with the WHO
- 2022 Karine Jean-Pierre appointed White House Press Secretary to President Joe Biden, first Black and out LGBTQ person in the role [1]
- 2022 Sinn Féin, led by Michelle O'Neill, wins the most seats in Northern Ireland elections for the first time with 27 seats to Democratic Unionist Party's 25 [1]
- 2022 WHO study of excess deaths worldwide says 15 million more people have died than normal, far above the official COVID-19 death toll of 6 million [1]
- 2022 Zimbabwe is in the midst of a severe economic crisis with unemployment at 90%, hyperinflation and a falling Zimbabwe dollar, according to economic experts [1]
